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AUTOMATED MULTI-SPECIES CLASSIFICATION USING WILDLIFE DATASETS BASED ON DEEP LEARNING ALGORITHMS
Get PDFThe classification and identification of wildlife for monitoring and conservation purposes have become increasingly important, particularly as environmental degradation becomes a growing concern. Several studies have employed manual methods that are time-consuming, erroneous, and laborious for classification on wildlife datasets. A fully automated classification system is required to address this issue. The use of deep learning for the automatic identification of wildlife has been suggested. However, studies that compare and validate the use of different models in real-world monitoring scenarios are lacking. In this study, we collected wildlife image datasets from the Animals with Attributes repository, and we evaluated the performance of two mainstream Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures, EfficientNetB0 and VGG16, in multi-species classification and identification. We deployed a multi-species classification model, based on deep-learning techniques, that could effectively recognize 37 distinct species categories. Our analysis showed that the EfficientNetB0 model outperformed the VGG16 model overall. The model was trained on a diverse dataset of 185,111 images and tested on 3,131 images, achieving over 80% accuracy and a top-5 accuracy of more than 90%. The F1-score, precision, and recall values for each species category exceeded 0.90, indicating high accuracy in identifying individual species. The model’s prediction performance was validated through experimentation and through the Gradio and Tkinter interfaces, which showed the model to be highly accurate and reliable in image classification. This model could be used in various wildlife monitoring and conservation applications and could make a significant contribution to the field of computer vision. The high accuracy of the model in identifying individual species categories and its reliability in managing a large number of species categorizations make it a valuable tool for conservationists and researchers who seek to monitor and protect wildlife species
IMPACT OF 222 NM UV-C RADIATION ON COLOR ACCURACY OF VIDEO DISPLAYS IN PUBLIC BUSES
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of 222 nm UV-C radiation on the color accuracy of bus interior materials, specifically video displays. The research examines the effects of exposing bus interior displays to UV-C radiation and measuring the resulting changes in monitor color accuracy over time. This wavelength of UV-C radiation is commonly used for disinfection purposes and can be used against COVID-19. The results show that UV-C radiation has a significant negative effect on display color and other parameters. The results may be useful in ensuring optimal color accuracy and durability under UV-C exposure, while providing a safe and effective method of disinfection against COVID-19
EFFECT OF MINT ESSENTIAL OIL ADDITION ON LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION IN STIRRED TANK BIOREACTOR
Get PDFThe increasing consumer’s demand for healthy beverages lead to the production of lactic acid fermented wort-based beverages. They can be classified as functional because of wort vitamins, antioxidants and fibres content and probiotic properties of used lactic acid bacteria strain. However, lactic acid wort- based beverages are not well accepted by consumers because of their poor sensory characteristics. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the addition of 0.025 and 0.05 % (v/v) mint (Mentha piperita) essential oil on probiotic, antioxidant, and sensorial properties on lactic acid wort-based beverages. Lactic acid fermentation was carried out at 25°C in a stirred bioreactor without aeration. The addition of mint essential oil inhibited lactic acid fermentation but all the beverages produced can be classified as functional. Although the beverage with 0.05% mint essential oil showed the highest total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, measured by cupric reducing antioxidant power (CUPRAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and ABTS radical scavenging assay, it received the lowest score by tasting panel because its strong taste and aroma. The results obtained will be used for modeling of lactic acids fermentation with addition of mint essential oil for the production of beverage with high biological value and acceptable sensory profile
A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE USE OF HEMP AS A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION IN GARMENT MAKING
Get PDFThe fashion industry is one of the world\u27s largest and most polluting industries, significantly impacting the environment and human health. The production of conventional textiles involves toxic chemicals, excessive water consumption, and significant amounts of energy, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental problems. Recently, there has been a growing interest in more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives to conventional textiles. A promising solution is using hemp fabrics in the textile fashion industry. Hemp is a versatile and sustainable material used to make various textile products, from clothing and accessories to upholstery and home decor. Hemp requires less water and fewer pesticides than cotton and can be grown without herbicides or fungicides. This work discusses the sustainability of hemp while exploring the use of hemp fabric in the textile garment fashion industry as part of cotton substitution. A woven hemp fabric is used to create a casual final garment to prove that it can be quickly processed using the same design patterns, cutting and sewing procedure, offering the same comfort and aesthetic result. The fabric is tested and compared to a cotton woven fabric of similar characteristics for its drape, tensile and tear strength, resistance to wear, breathability, and sewability through needle penetration force. Finally, the dyeability of hemp is tested using natural dyes
NUTRITIONAL QUALITY AND VALORIZATION OF SILKWORM PUPAE (BOMBYX MORI. L) IN POULTRY DIETS – REVIEW
Get PDFThe development of the poultry industry increased the request for conventional feed ingredients (soybean meal and oil, fish meal), leading to higher costs and environmental pressure. In this context, there is an increased interest in finding sustainable alternatives such as protein-rich insect species as innovative ingredients in poultry diets. Sericulture produces a lot of by-products, including silkworm pupae (SWP), a valuable and less expensive alternative protein source. Therefore, this review firstly presents the nutritional value of full-fat and defatted SWP as potential feed ingredients for poultry. The proximate composition of SWP consists of 37.8–82.8% crude protein (with a higher digestibility ranging from 76% to 98%), 2–36.2% crude fat, 1–9.5% crude fibre, 1–10.6% ash, and 21.9–25.8 MJ/kg gross energy. SWP has high-quality protein and lipids due to their essential amino acids (40- 48% of total amino acids content) and fatty acids profiles (especially alpha-linolenic, 20-38% and linoleic, 5.5–21%). The vitamins, minerals, and other bioactive compounds (i.e., 1-Deoxynojirimycin, 1-DNJ) complete their nutritional value. SWP also contains a polysaccharide, chitin (1.5–3.4% of dry matter), with structural function in organisms. Secondly, we reported the effects of using SWP in broilers, laying hens and quails diets, focusing on productive performance, health status and quality of poultry products. The findings demonstrated that SWP could partially replace conventional ingredients in poultry diets, maintaining appropriate performance and/or improving meat or egg qualities
TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS DURING THE DORMANCY PERIOD FOR SOME FRUIT CROPS GROWN IN BULGARIA
Get PDFOrchard plantations are natural indicator for changing agrometeorological conditions. In all European regions, variations of temperatures have a cyclic character with a relatively regular change for the periods of active vegetation and dormancy. The years from the begging of this century has been characterized by an increased frequency of climatic anomalies and their amplitude. These anomalies affect the productivity orchards, which is directly dependent on agrometeorological conditions. As a multiannual plants, fruit species in the temperate climate, need to accumulate a cultivar-specific quantity chilly units during the endodormancy, and heat units during ecodormancy for breaking of dormancy state and successive flowering during the spring. The knowledge of chilly and heat requirements is important in the selection of the appropriate species and cultivars for growing in a particular area. The buds remain dormant until they have accumulated sufficient chilly units (CU) during the cold season. When are accumulates enough chilly units, the buds are ready to grow in response to increase temperatures above biological minimum. If there have been enough CU’s, the flower and leaf buds develop normally. The present study aimed to assess the thermal conditions during the dormancy stages of development of some stone fruit plants grown in Bulgaria during a 30 years period. There are analysed the conditions during the deep dormancy in the orchards and the permanent transition of the average daily temperature above 5°C. Chilling requirements for breaking dormancy and growing degree hours (GDH) requirements up to flowering were studied for some peach, cherry, and apricot cultivars, located in the regions for industrial producing of these plants. Phenological and hourly temperature observations for 30 years (1971-2010) were used to perform this study. The GDH were calculated as sum of temperatures above 5°C accumulated from the breaking of dormancy to the flowering. The heat requirements (HR) necessary for successful flowering are given. The results indicate that flowering time of orchards in the studied regions is influenced by GDH
TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS OF FRUIT PASTILLES AND THEIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT
Get PDFThe production of fruit pastille was aimed at replacing traditional sugar-rich sweets. For ecological and economic reasons, they were mainly made from local raw materials. These fruit pastilles were produced using natural materials such as fruit and vegetables, without the use of any food colouring or other artificial additives such as sweeteners, etc. To produce a healthier alternative to traditional sweets, appropriate technological solutions have been taken. Fruit pastilles were made exclusively from different varieties of apples, as well as by mixing apples and carrots, apples and blueberries without added sugar and with 20 % sugar. The fruit pastilles were evaluated by children aged 4-10 years. The fruit pastilles without added sugar, made from Bogatyr apples and blueberries scored the highest points due to their distinctive taste, as the panellists identified them as blackcurrant pastilles. The moisture content and water activity of the fruit pastilles, which affect texture and shelf-life, were determined. These physico-chemical parameters were found to be higher in the samples with added sugar: 43 % moisture, 26 % water activity and 62 % ash compared with the samples without added sugar. This could be due to the sugar-pectin structure formed. Fruit pastilles, both without and with added sugar, were lower in calories than traditional sweets
DRIED FRUITS, ESPECIALLY DATES, INCREASE THE LIFESPAN OF CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS
Get PDFThe effects of five commercially available dried fruits on the longevity of nematodes were investigated. All five dried fruits significantly increased the lifespans relative to the control. In particular, dates extended the lifespan significantly more than the control and the other four dried fruits. The mean lifespan and maximum lifespan of the nematodes that consumed dates were 40.9 and 21% longer than those of the control group, respectively. The total concentration of polyphenol compounds was measured to investigate whether the lifespan-extending effect of dates was due to antioxidants. The results showed that the polyphenol contents of dates and prunes were higher than those of the other dried fruits. However, there was no significant difference in the total polyphenol concentrations between dates and prunes. Therefore, dates may contain substances other than polyphenol-related compounds that are responsible for their lifespan-extending effects, or which may promote the activities of polyphenols
A STUDY ON DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF GASTRONOMY ACTIVITIES ON DESTINATION PROMOTION
Get PDFThe tourism sector covers many different sectors in its existence. It is closely linked to the food and beverage industry, as well as sectors such as health, sociology, and science. It is a well-known fact that food and beverage affect the choice of destination. This situation has led to gastronomy and gastronomy activities in the tourism sector. Gastronomy is not only related to eating and drinking but is also referred to by the way it is served, and the food items served. Gastronomic activities, which are handled in such a wide scope, are very important in terms of destination promotion. Touristic promotion helps destination selection. For this reason, in this study, first of all, explaining gastronomy activities and promoting the destination were investigated. The research was carried out according to the quantitative research method, considering local cuisine products. A questionnaire form was used to obtain the data and it was evaluated with the help of SPSS package program. In the research, frequency, descriptive, difference and regression analyze were made and the results were interpreted by turning them into tables. In line with the comments made, various criticisms and necessary suggestions were presented to the relevant stakeholders
CONVERTING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES\u27 EXHAUST GASES KINETIC ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Get PDFOver time, clean and affordable energy sources are being embraced to meet the rising global energy demand. This paper reviews kinetic energy harvesting from wastes as a potential localized power supply for automobiles accessories. Multiple sustainable solutions have been developed because of the renewable resources\u27 fast-growing importance and contribution to the field of power generation. Additionally, pollution in the atmosphere is getting worse every day, which is the largest threat to life of human. In the suggested study, waste air from the exhaust system can be used and transformed into power utilizing energy-conversion techniques. The proposed concept can be used to provide vehicles with an alternate source of electricity. The suggested design aims to convert gasses kinetic energy into a useful electrical source which can be used in energized cars\u27 accessories like lighting system and other electronic units or as an optional stored energy source