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Participating Stakeholders in Decision Making of Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria as Panacea for Tertiary Education Development in Nigeria
Full text linkThis paper looked at the benefits of participating stakeholders in the decision-making of tertiary institutions in Nigeria. The paper is a position paper that depends on secondary data. The secondary data were collected from online and print publications. The paper identified a stable academic environment, effective implementation of tertiary education goals, quality tertiary education and job satisfaction, and adherence to democratic principles, as those things that lead to substantive decisions and outcomes and lead to accountability and transparency in the system as benefits of participating stakeholders in the decision making of tertiary institutions in Nigeria. The paper concluded that the participation of stakeholders in the decision-making of tertiary institutions in Nigeria is vital to the realization of tertiary education goals in Nigeria. The paper recommends that the government and the agencies in charge of tertiary education management in Nigeria should ensure stakeholders in the Nigerian tertiary institutions are always engaged and consult before making policies and taking a decision that directly and indirectly affects the operation and welfare of the staff in the tertiary institutions in Nigeria. 
Caregiver Variables on Preschoolers’ Classroom Participation in Public Early Childhood Centres of Rivers East Senatorial District of Rivers State
Full text linkThe study looked into how carer characteristics affected preschoolers' involvement in class at public early development facilities in Rivers State's East Senatorial District. The research design used in the study was a descriptive survey. Six research questions and six hypotheses that were assessed at the.05 alpha levels of significance served as the study's compass. 717 carers made up the study's population. 287 carers made up the study's sample. Both basic random sampling and stratified sampling were used to choose the sample. The researcher's validated "Carers' Variables and Classroom Participation of Preschoolers Questionnaire (CVCPPQ)" served as the data gathering tool. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was 0.68. The study's results, which were obtained using the statistical tool Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), indicate that the qualifications of carers have a significant impact on the classroom participation of preschoolers in public early childhood centres in Rivers East Senatorial District of Rivers State; the teaching experience of carers has a significant impact on the classroom participation of preschoolers in public early childhood centres in Rivers East Senatorial District of Rivers State; and the gender of carers has a significant impact on the classroom participation of preschoolers in public early childhood centres in Rivers State
Interval Potential Method for Solving Transportation Problems Using Mathematical Programming
Full text linkThis study explores the interval variant of the potential method as an innovative approach for solving transportation problems within mathematical programming. Traditional methods often fail to address the complexities arising from parameter uncertainties, creating a knowledge gap in deriving reliable solutions under varying conditions. To bridge this gap, the interval potential method is proposed, utilizing interval matrices to define constraints and feasible solutions. The methodology involves constructing the initial transportation plan using the northwest corner method and applying interval analysis to account for data variability. A structured algorithm calculates directional potentials and checks the plan's acceptability, iteratively adjusting for optimal results. Numerical simulations demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method in solving transportation problems with uncertain parameters. Results confirm that this approach identifies optimal interval solutions while maintaining computational efficiency. The implications extend to various fields requiring reliable transportation and logistics optimization under uncertain conditions, such as supply chain management and resource allocation. This work contributes to the broader application of interval analysis in mathematical programming, providing a scalable solution for real-world challenges
The Role of Internal and External Audit in Financial Control
Full text linkThis paper aims at examining the central roles of internal and external audits in enhancing financial control mechanisms. While internal audits are assessments that occur inside the organization with the primary business of assessing internal controls, risk management, and compliance, external audits are independent ones that examine organizational financial statements for accuracy and honesty. Although these audits are defined for separate functions, there is considerable synergy for improvement in the governance and accountability when performed jointly. In light of the existing scarcity of published material on the subject, this study employs a qualitative approach with Research Design that involves a review of both academic and industry literatures, policies and guidelines, as well as case studies. From the results, internal audits improve the internal control, whilst external audits improve accountability and better adherence to rules on financial reporting. Yet there are difficulties, for example, the problem of the scarce financial and human resources, skepticism regarding the conclusions, and questions concerning auditor independence remain rather acute. It is suggested that the specific measures-simple though important, should be followed to expose audit to more people and to enhance utilization of both traditional and technology-enabling audit types. They demonstrate why audit practices must be refined by organizations and regulators, reducing excessive focus while increasing transparency. Awareness might be created for future research to undertake the analyses of integrated audit systems over time, and innovations such as artificial intelligence and blockchain in the audit practices. The outcomes of this study make a significant contribution to filling gaps in accumulated knowledge and improving the auditing approach to meet international financial regulation norms
Foreign Experience of Implementing Electronic Commerce Systems in Joint-Stock Companies and Its Practical Significance
Full text linkThe practical relevance of implementing electronic commerce systems in joint-stock firms abroad is discussed in this article, along with the key tactics and methods that Uzbekistan might employ to effectively compete in international electronic commerce marketplaces. Even more crucial to the nation's economy is the growth of internet commerce. According to New Uzbekistan's Development Strategy for 2022–2026, electronic commerce will play a major role in the digital economy, which is intended to become the primary "driver" of economic development and grow by at least 2.5 times. Based on the author's research, the article provides information on how Uzbek businesses may successfully leverage international markets and collaborate with new clients and marketplaces
Economic Fluctuations and Sectoral Growth in Iran: A Decade of Challenges and Opportunities (2010–2021)
Full text linkThis paper aims to analyze the export performance of Iran within the years 2010 to 2021 concerning Export Value Index, export earnings and the agricultural fishery and forestry growth rate. This work further highlights the cyclicality of the trading performance, which can be attributed to factors such as international sanctions, fluctuating oil prices and domestic policies. Though the export value has improved recently, the drastic export concentration to a single product means that Iran’s economy is exposed to volatility. There is again some stability in agriculture, but the agriculture industry is relatively still-developed and vulnerable to weather and economic cycles. The statistical analysis, including regression models, reveals the relationships between trade performance on one hand, and sectoral growth on the other. In line with its recommendations, this paper proposes a diversification of the economy, stabilisation of agriculture production, and establishment of trading relationships to stabilise economic growth
A Framework for Early Detection of Agile Software Development Project Failures using Machine Learning Algorithms
Full text linkIn the realm of software development, the early identification of project failures is crucial for ensuring project success and minimizing risks. This study developed an early detection framework using various machine learning models to anticipate potential failures. Agile software projects were used for the study. The framework employed a range of machine learning models including decision tree, bagging classifier, weighted bagging classifier, random forest classifier, weighted random forest classifier, decision tree estimator, and bagging estimator. These models are trained and tested using a dataset comprising 13,238 observations from 12 different software companies, each with 15 variables relevant to project performance and outcomes. Initial training of the different models yielded promising results, with performance ranging between 45% to 55% accuracy during testing. Despite attempts to enhance the model's performance, including refinement of features and algorithms, there were no significant improvements observed. The evaluation results highlight the need for further refinement and optimization of the models used in the framework. In conclusion, while the decision tree classifier, bagging classifier, and random forest exhibited outstanding performance in the training results, the overall evaluation suggests that more work is required to improve the effectiveness of the early detection framework for Agile software project failures. Further research and refinement of the models are necessary to enhance accuracy and reliability in identifying potential project failures early in the Agile software development lifecycle
Main Trends and Directions of External Migration
Full text linkThis study takes into account these macroeconomic conditions, but focus is shifted to the reasons for the change in migration processes in terms of poorly understood sociocultural factors that affect foreign labor migration and reintegration of labor migrants in Uzbekistan. The article is based on reports from specialized studies of foreign labor migration and employment conducted by the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of Uzbekistan, publications of studies by international organizations, and data from indepth interviews with migrants and their families. The research revealed that under the influence of macroeconomic conditions, the change in the sociocultural context in 2006–2019 contributed to expansion of the geography of migration flows from Uzbekistan, the emergence of such phenomena as the “feminization” of migration and its “rejuvenation” against the background of certain elements of egalitarianism in an initially patriarchal society
Using Markov Chain to Forecast Stock Price Movement in The Iraq Stock Exchange
Full text linkThe purpose of this paper is to apply "Markov chain" modeling to the Iraq Stock Exchange Index (ISX60) over a period of 231 trading days, from January 02, 2024, to December 30, 2024. The prediction was made by identifying three cases of stock price movement: height, low, and stability. The transition matrix and probability vector for the Markov chain were created, and the results showed that the probability of a decrease in the Iraq Stock Exchange Index prices was the highest, reaching (0.489), the probability of a rise in prices was the lowest, reaching (0.177), and the probability of stock price stability was (0.33). The purpose of this study was to raise local investors' understanding of the Markov chain model's predictive power to aid in investment decision-making
Social Media Usage and Academic Performance of Undergraduate Science Education Students: Evidence From Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria
Full text linkThe rise of information and communication technology, particularly social media, has profoundly shaped human behaviour due to its global acceptance and relevance in various areas of life. Students, in particular, are increasingly active on social networking platforms, often displaying inappropriate usage, such as during lectures or in places of worship. This study explores how social media usage affects the academic performance of science education students at universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. A sample of 1,026 students was randomly chosen from Ignatius Ajuru University of Education (IAUE) and Rivers State University (RSU) to complete a questionnaire designed by the researcher. Results of the study revealed that students primarily use social media for communication (mean = 3.89), with Facebook being the most frequently used platform for academic purposes (mean = 3.92) and skype the least used (mean = 1.03). The result also show that while social media has both positive and negative effects on academic performance, poor time management and unregulated use significantly contribute to the negative impacts. To address these issues, students are encouraged to adopt effective time management strategies and prioritize their responsibilities and social media usage. Additionally, students should focus on leveraging social media to enhance their academic outcomes rather than engaging in excessive or nonessential activities on social media