Scholastic: Journal of Natural and Medical Education
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The Impact of Covid-19 Infection and Vaccinations on the Menstrual Cycle
No full textBackground: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19 infection) might present with no clinical symptoms or with mild to severe clinical symptoms. Menstrual cycle issues are one of the long-term clinical characteristics of COVID-19. The menstrual cycle is a biologically important cycle for females, regulated closely by endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine mechanisms, with substantial fluctuation in length (21-35 days) and hormone levels during the cycle. Inactivated viral vaccine, recombinant viral vaccine, subunit vaccine, DNA vaccine, and attenuated vaccine have all been tested for Co-V-19 vaccine efficacy. Few females suffered menstrual problems after immunization, such as Menorrhagia, Metrorrhagia, Polymenorrhea, and Postmenopausal bleeding. Vaccine-associated thrombocytopenia could be one of the causes.
Aim: To document menstrual changes in female participants following COVID-19 infection and Covid-19 vaccination with one to two doses and to study the impact of the Corona vaccine on the cycle.
Methods: This retrospective investigation occurred in two phases. The first phase recruited 547 females, with an average age of 35 years and who were infected with COVID-19 to complete a questionnaire to record menstrual changes in women after COVID-19 infection without vaccination, while phase two enrolled 673 females with an average age of 33 years (21-49) and who received the vaccine before the study to record menstrual disturbances after vaccination for COVID-19 , at Prince Rashid military hospital, Irbid, JORDAN, during the period March 2020-Apr 2022.
A questionnaire with 6 sections was constructed to determine the influence of COVID-19 infection and Covid-19 vaccination on the menstrual cycle.
Results: In phase one: 46.98% (257/547) had changes in the number of days between two following periods and in the volume of blood loss. 42.41% of subjects (232/547) had an increase or reduction in the length of menses.
In phase two: 24.96% (168/673) of subjects experienced higher volume and 15.6% (105/673) experienced decreased volume. 23.03% (155/673) experienced delayed periods and 53.2% (358/673) experienced no changes.
Conclusion: COVID-19 infection might influence the menstrual cycle. There was a discrepancy in menstrual profile after vaccination, irrespective of vaccine type or the number of doses given.
However, our study is cross-sectional, and these findings need further investigations or clinical trials to demonstrate the effect of Covid -19 infection or vaccinations on menstrual cycle
Induction of Anovulation in Clomiphene Resistant Women with Endocrine Infertility
No full textTo evaluate the efficacy of letrozole and clomiphene citrate in combination with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) in clomiphene citrate-resistant infertile women with PCOS. Research methods: 60 women with resistance to clomiphene citrate, of which: 26 women received letrozole + hMG, 21 women received CC + hMG and 13 women received only hMG. All women were treated according to the same scheme during the cycle. All patients were given 75 IU hMG every other day until the dominant follicle appeared. Results of the study: the incidence of monofollicles was 84.6% in the letrozole + hMG group, 66.7% in the CC + hMG group and 53.8% in the hMG only group (r<0.05 for letrozole + hMG compared with the other two groups). The number of developing follicles (follicles larger than 14 mm) and the frequency of cycle cancellation due to ovarian hyperreactivity were lowest in the letrozole + hMG group. Ovulation and pregnancy rates were similar among the three groups. The mean length of induced days and the dose of hMG IU used were significantly lower in the letrozole + hMG and CC + hMG groups compared to the hMG alone group. Conclusion. Letrozole in combination with hMG is one of the most effective methods in women with clomiphene citrate resistant polycystic ovary syndrome and prevents complications such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies
Characteristics of Broncho-Obstructive Syndrome in Children
No full textThe articles is about epidemiological features and medical and social significance of broncho-obstructive syndrome in early age patients. In children of early and preschool age, up to 50% of cases of acute respiratory viral diseases of the upper respiratory tract are accompanied by broncho-obstructive syndrome, the main cause of which is acute obstructive bronchitis
STUDY OF THE SYNTHESIS OF POLYMETHYLENAPHTHALINECARBONATE AND ITS SODIUM DERIVATIVES
No full textThe study also examines the characterization of polymethylenenaphthalinecarbonate and its sodium derivatives, including their chemical structure, physical properties, and thermal behavior. It discusses various analytical techniques used to analyze and confirm the structure and composition of these compounds, such as spectroscopy, microscopy, and thermal analysis. Furthermore, the study investigates the potential applications of polymethylenenaphthalinecarbonate and its sodium derivatives. It explores their use as materials for various industries, such as in the production of high-performance polymers, coatings, and electronic devices
A Modern Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sfenoidal Sinus Cysts
No full textChronic rhinosinusitis is one of the most common chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract, occurring in people of different ages. Cysts of the upper jaw cavity are distinguished by the fact that they are common in chronic sinusitis. From the clinical point of view, it shrinks without symptoms and in 80% of cases it is a finding during X-ray examinations. Modern medical technologies make it possible to treat chronic sinusitis with minimal tissue damage. The purpose of the research is to improve and use modern approaches in the complex treatment of cysts of the nasal cavities. We conducted our research on 153 patients aged 18 to 75 years with cystic changes of the upper jaw, forehead and sinuses with a disease duration of 2 to 5 years. Diagnosis of patients was carried out by endoscopic examination of the nose, multispiral computer tomography of the nasal cavities, orthopantography, functional and immunological examinations of the nose, microbiocinosis detection examinations. 134 of the patients who participated in our study underwent surgery. The surgical operation was performed in two stages at the same time, in the first stage, the structure of the nasal cavity was corrected, and in the second stage, the surgical operation was carried out in the affected side of the nasal cavity. Our research revealed that the cysts of the nasal cavity are mainly found in the upper jaw cavity. In the surgical treatment of PNS cysts, it is necessary to pay special attention to the structures of the nasal cavity, especially the ostiomeatal complex, and to eliminate them at the same time when pathological changes are detected
Anesthesia for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Who are Obese
No full textObesity is typical among type 2 diabetics. Non-obese people, on the other hand, can acquire type 2 diabetes, with current research indicating that around half of all diabetic patients are non-obese.
Aim
This study was contributed to assess the effective role of anesthesia for diabetes mellitus patients with obesity.
Patients and methods
The current study collect data from different hospitals in Iraq between 18th July 2021 to 26th September 2022 to present as a cross-sectional for the purpose of assess anesthesia for patients with diabetes mellitus who are obese. This study was used SPSS and Excel programs to analyse the clinical demographics outcomes of diabetes mellitus with obesity. This study outlines the methodology of clinical outcomes into two groups were. The first group was obesity with diabetes disease with 50 patients, while the second group was obesity without diabetes disease with 40 patients.
Results and discussions
Our study found that males are more likely than females to develop diabetes mellitus. This includes males who are obese, with 35 (70%) of them being affected compared to only 15 (30%) females. Also, this study suggests that there is a strong correlation between obesity and insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and glucose intolerance. Our results demonstrate the success of surgical interventions, with post-operative complications occurring in 40% of obesity patients with diabetes, which it is higher to compare for 20% of those with obesity alone.
Conclusion
Obesity markedly enhances the likelihood of mortality in individuals with diabetes. Obesity adversely affects patients with diabetes, augmenting the probability of complications and mortality.
 
Flat Evaluations of Tebranuvchan Integrals
No full textIn this article, the idea of oscillating integrals is discussed and their smooth evaluations are analyzed. One of the important tasks is the development of research on the nature of vibrating integrals. This is exactly the issue discussed in the article
Morphological Features of Dogel’s First Type Neurons In the Ganglia of Gallbladder Wall
No full textThe common bile duct contains a large number of nerve elements, it contains the largest ganglia with many neurons. Among the neurons of these ganglia, it is difficult to differentiate Type I Dogel cells. The aim of the study was to identify some morphological features for the identification of Dogel type I nerve cells in the intramural ganglia of the common bile duct in dogs. Neurohistological impregnation research methods were applied. It has been established that around the bodies of nerve cells of type I Dogel there is always a clear space free from nerve fibers and often even from gliocytes. A feature of Type I Dogel cells is also the intense perception of silver nitrate during impregnation (hyperimpregnation) in comparison with other neurons of the node
Assessment of Quality of Life in Patients with Vasomotor Rinitis after Radiowave Surgery
No full textVasomotor rhinitis contributes to the development of pathological conditions in other parts of the respiratory system, negatively affects the functional state of almost all organs and systems of the body, thereby significantly worsening the quality of life of patients. This disease is characterized by a pathological condition of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity of a non-inflammatory nature, which is based on a violation of the nervous mechanisms, causing a normal physiological state, as a result of which stimuli of exogenous and endogenous origin cause a hyperergic reaction
Factors Associated with Incomplete Vaccination Coverage amongst Children Aged 12-23 Months in the Ngaoundere Rural Health District, Adamawa Region-Cameroon
No full textCameroon, despite the fact that vaccines are administered without any cost, many children remain unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated. That is why the aim of the study was to identify the factors associated to incomplete vaccination coverage of children aged 12-23 months in the Ngaoundere Rural health. A cross-sectional household survey was conducted whereby mothers of children aged 12-23months were enrolled. A multi-stage sampling was used. Selected mothers were interviewed and their children’s vaccination cards checked to obtain information on the vaccines received. Amongst these children, 384 (95,5%) had vaccination cards while 18 (4,5%) did not have. A pre-tested questionnaire was used and data analysis was done using the 25th version of SPSS software. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done to assess the factors of incomplete vaccination coverage. A total of 402 mother-child pairs were sampled and the analysis revealed that 30,3% children were incompletely vaccinated while 69,7% of children were completely vaccinated. The immunization coverages varied for each vaccine: 95,8% for BCG; 95,8% for DPT 1; 83,1% for DPT 3; 69,7% for MR1 and 40,2% for MR2 vaccine. The factors that were significantly associated with incomplete immunization coverage are: low educational level of the mother, home delivery and the absence of a vaccination site in the community. This article proposes appropriate measures to be implemented by policy makers and stake holders to reach out to more children in order to improve on the immunization coverages of the different vaccines