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Synthesis of a Novel Macrocyclic Derivatives Based on Glucopyranoside and Application as Anticancer Activity
No full textCyclic compounds have gained attention in a variety of fields for their unique properties. Crown ethers, cryptands, and calixarenes are cyclic compounds that have been used in a range of applications such as chemical sensors and drug delivery systems. Cyclic peptides have shown promise in treating various diseases due to their enhanced stability and bioavailability. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a pyranoside compound, -methyl 4,6-benzylidene-2,3-di-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranoside, which was synthesized via a phase transfer catalysis method. The synthesized compound was analyzed using FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and EDX analysis were also carried out to study the morphology and elemental composition of the compound. The results of this study contribute to the potential applications compounds -methyl 4,6-benzylidene-2,3-di-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranoside were evaluated for their anticancer potential against two cancer cell lines PC3 (prostate cancer cells) and WRL68 (normal liver cells) compound 12 appears to have a greater effect on prostate cancer cells (PC3) compared to compound 11. At the highest concentration tested (400 µM), compound 12 showed a mean percentage inhibition of 95.72% in PC3 cells, while compound 11 showed a mean percentage inhibition of 33.29% at the same concentration. Furthermore, the IC50 value for compound 12 in PC3 cells was 112.9 µM, while the IC50 value for compound 11 was 24.38 µM, indicating that compound 11 is less potent in inhibiting the growth of PC3 cells. These results suggest that compound 12 may have greater potential as a therapeutic agent for prostate cancer
Hunting of Some Bacterial Species Based on Isolation and Identification from River Water and Sediments and from Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) in Al-Qadisiyah Province, Iraq
No full textBacterial presence or contamination in food is a major alarm for public health. Controlling measures should be taken to limit this problem for better food safety. This procedure starts with some critical steps, such as identification of bacterial species and their pathogenicity. According to these, this investigative study was carried out to explore the existence of some bacterial species in Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) and river water and sediment in Al-Qadisiyah Province, Iraq. For that, 80 live-fish samples were purchased from different regions in the province, which included Al-Saniyah, Al-Dagharah, Al-Shafeiyah, and Al-Diwaniyah City (markets). Water was subjected to physiochemical tests that included pH, dissolved oxygen (% and g/l), salinity (ppt), conductivity (ms/cm), tds (g/l), and temperature. The fish samples were subjected to visual tests, including firmness and clarity of the eyes and color of the gills. Water and fish skin, gills, and gut were used to explore bacterial presence by using conventional cultivation and biochemical tests. The pathogenicity was estimated by the capability of the isolated bacteria to synthetize biofilm. The findings of the physiochemical tests showed no major differences among regions. The findings of the bacterial isolation and identification from water, sediments, and fish samples revealed the presence common bacterial microorganisms shared among regions and the source of samples, which included Vibrio spp, Aeromonas spp, E. coli, Enterobacter spp, Pseudomonas spp, Staphylococcus spp, Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp, and Serratia spp. The results of the biofilm capability demonstrated that all bacterial isolates were able to produce biofilm; however, Vibrio spp, Aeromonas spp, Pseudomonas spp, and Serratia spp showed the highest (p<0.05) in generating biofilms. The data of the current work indicates high levels of bacterial occurrence in fish and their environment with similar bacterial microorganisms
DO YOU NEED TO FIX LEFT HANDED ?
No full textThis article discusses science-based facts about left handed, celebrities who are left handed, achievements based on left handed, and whether left handed in the education system needs to be fixed or left as it is. the question is answered
The Nature, Purpose And Principles Of Foreign Economic Policy
Full text linkThe Nature, Purpose And Principles Of Foreign Economic Polic
The Transition from Fixed to Flexible Exchange Rates and Its Global Impact
Full text linkThe shift from fixed to flexible exchange rates, which began in the early 1970s, marked a transformative period in global economic policy. This transition was driven by the need for greater national economic policy flexibility and the growing interconnectedness of global financial markets. Initially, economists anticipated that flexible exchange rates would enable governments to pursue tailored economic policies, free from the constraints of the fixed exchange rate system established under Bretton Woods. They believed this flexibility would foster economic stability and growth by allowing countries to adapt their policies to domestic conditions. However, the anticipated benefits of the flexible exchange rate system were tempered by several unforeseen challenges. The mid-1970s financial revolution, characterized by the expansion of the Eurodollar market, deregulation, and technological advancements in financial instruments, led to an unprecedented increase in international financial flows. This surge contributed to greater exchange rate volatility, as financial flows became a dominant force in determining currency values, overshadowing traditional trade flows. The phenomenon of "overshooting" exacerbated this volatility, making it difficult for exchange rates to stabilize. The increased volatility of exchange rates had significant implications for both domestic and international economics. The interconnectedness of global financial markets meant that macroeconomic policies in one country could have substantial spillover effects on others, complicating the management of national economies. In response to these challenges, regional efforts such as the European Monetary System (EMS) were established to stabilize currencies within specific regions and mitigate the impact of global economic fluctuations. Despite these regional initiatives, the international monetary system continued to face instability and inefficiencies. The ongoing debate over the effectiveness of flexible exchange rates and the need for reform underscores the complexity of managing a global economy characterized by high levels of financial integration and volatility. The pursuit of a more stable and rule-based international monetary system remains a critical issue for policymakers worldwide
Employment Conditions in 17 Economic Sectors in Indonesia: Comparative Study Before and During Covid-19
Full text linkThe Covid-19 pandemic has impacted and pressured almost all sectors of life. One of the effects is shown by the increase in the Open Unemployment Rate (TPT) in 2020, accompanied by a significant decrease in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the same year. Therefore, further research is needed to compa”re employment conditions before and during Covid-19, in terms of the number of workers, GRDP, and labor productivity. The purpose of this research is to analyze the comparison of employment conditions before and during Covid-19. The analytical methods used are comparing the values of Shift Share, particularly its competitive effect accross 17 sectors and 34 provinces, between the periods 2017-2019 and 2020-2022. The results of the study show a significant increase in the percentage of labor growth, particularly in the food and beverage provision sector and professional & business services sector. There is a significant increase in the percentage of GRDP growth, particularly in the Mining & Quarrying sector. There is a significant increase in the percentage of productivity growth, particularly in the Mining & Quarrying sector
The Place Of The Image In The Narrative Genre
Full text linkthis article provides information about the concept of image in fiction. Also talked about the role of the image in the works. the images were considered mainly based on the stories
Important Problems of Historical Origin
Full text linkThe article talks about the invaluable role of sources in the study of the ancient past. An attempt is made to embody history through sources. Of course, taking into account the existence of topical issues related to source studies, we will try to cover these issues and the concept of source studies in detail in this article
Analysis of Health Education Needs to Improve Healthy Living Behavior in Children in the School Environment
Full text linkHealth education is the provision of health knowledge and habituation of healthy behavior to students. The adequacy of health education provisions will influence the attitudes and behavior of school children which will determine their health status, whether they will remain healthy or be at risk of experiencing health problems in the present and in adulthood. This descriptive qualitative research analyzes by examining and revealing the meaning or reality of Health Education carried out in elementary schools. This research was conducted in five elementary schools in the Bengkulu city area, using data analysis techniques including steps to reduce data, present data, draw conclusions for verification. Checking the validity of data by triangulating sources through activities to test the credibility of data. Triangulation techniques for data credibility by checking data against the same source with different techniques. The interview results are checked with documentation or observation. The research results of the UKS program have not been able to run optimally as seen from the policies and guidelines that do not yet exist and are well socialized to all school members. UKS supervisor teachers, PJOK teachers and guardian teachers have not fully implemented the UKS Trias and understood the indicators in UKS activities. UKS is still the full responsibility of the community health center. Students never receive intentional health education. Health education in schools has a significant influence on students\u27 health behavior. Through targeted health education, students can increase their knowledge about health. Health education also plays an important role in changing behavior and has an impact on the adoption of healthy living behavior in students. Students who receive effective health education are more likely to adopt healthy lifestyle behaviors
Improving Complex Treatment by Determining Sensitivity to Antibiotics During Antibacterial Therapy in Facial Surgery
Full text linkAntibacterial therapy is the most common and effective treatment for many diseases in the field of facial surgery, including facial abscess and cellulitis. The effectiveness of the method in dental practice is discussed. The studies were conducted on 55 patients aged 18 to 45 years. of which 39 men (70.9%), 16 women (29.1%) Patients of the clinic of the Bukhara Medical Institute “Maxillofacial surgery and “reconstructive plastic surgery”” in February-May 2024 conducted a study to determine sensitivity to antibiotic