Pubmedia Jurnal Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Indonesia
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Gränslöst arbete och arbetstillfredsställelse : Betydelsen av autonomi, kontroll och socialt stöd
No full textDigitaliseringen har bidragit till framväxten av gränslösa arbetsformer där gränsen mellan arbete och privatliv suddas ut. Syftet med studien var att undersöka sambandet mellan gränslöst arbete och arbetstillfredsställelse, samt att belysa vilken roll socialt stöd, kontroll och autonomi har i detta samband. Studien baserades på en enkätundersökning besvarad av 104 personer (98 kvinnor och 6 män) verksamma inom olika HR-roller i Sverige. Gränslöst arbete mättes med en egenkonstruerad skala medan övriga variabler mättes med validerade instrument (COPSOQ III och DCSQ). Data analyserades med korrelationsanalyser samt linjära hierarkiska regressionsanalyser. Resultaten visade ett signifikant negativt samband mellan gränslöst arbete och arbetstillfredsställelse. Socialt stöd, kontroll och autonomi predicerade arbetstillfredsställelse, men ingen av faktorerna visade någon modererande effekt. Detta tyder på att gränslöst arbete fungerar som en strukturell arbetsform med krav som inte alltid kan kompenseras av individuella resurser, vilket betonar vikten av tydliga organisatoriska ramar som stödjer gränssättning mellan arbete och privatliv
Advanced Deep Learning Models for Melanoma Diagnosis in Computer-Aided Skin Cancer Detection
No full textThe most deadly type of skin cancer is melanoma. A visual examination does not provide an accurate diagnosis of melanoma during its early to middle stages. Therefore, an automated model could be developed that assists with early skin cancer detection. It is possible to limit the severity of melanoma by detecting it early and treating it promptly. This study aims to develop efficient approaches for various phases of melanoma computer-aided diagnosis (CAD), such as preprocessing, segmentation, and classification. The first step of the CAD pipeline includes the proposed hybrid method, which uses morphological operations and context aggregation-based deep neural networks to remove hairlines and improve poor contrast in dermoscopic skin cancer images. An image segmentation network based on deep learning is then used to extract lesion regions for detailed analysis and calculate the optimized classification features. Lastly, a deep neural network is used to distinguish melanoma from benign lesions. The proposed approaches use a benchmark dataset named International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC) 2020. In this work, two forms of evaluations are performed with the classification model. The first experiment involves the incorporation of the results from the preprocessing and segmentation stages into the classification model. The second experiment involves the evaluation of the classifier without employing these stages i.e., using raw images. From the study results, it can be concluded that a classification model using segmented and cleaned images contributes more to achieving an accurate classification rate of 93.40% with a 1.3 s test time on a single image
Asymptotic Properties of Parameter Estimators in Vasicek Model Driven by Tempered Fractional Brownian Motion
No full textThe paper focuses on the Vasicek model driven by a tempered fractional Brownian motion. We derive the asymptotic distributions of the least-squares estimators (based on continuous-time observations) for the unknown drift parameters. This work continues the investigation by Mishura and Ralchenko (Fractal and Fractional, 8(2:79), 2024), where these estimators were introduced and their strong consistency was proved.This work is licensed under cc-by. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</p
Techno-Environmental Assessment of a Rural Prosumer House : Grid Independence, Resilience, and Emission Performance
No full textThis study conducts a techno-environmental assessment of a fully electrified rural single-family house in Västerås, Sweden, functioning as a resilient, sustainable prosumer. It evaluates: (i) grid independence under normal conditions; (ii) thermal resilience during power outages with various enhancement strategies; and (iii) operational COâ‚‚ emission reductions versus combustion-based heating. Using IDA ICE simulations, the building’s energy performance is analyzed with integrated renewable energy (RE) systems: PV, solar thermal, batteries, thermal storage, electric heater, and heat pump. Key performance indicators include self-sufficiency rate (SSR), operational COâ‚‚ emissions equivalent, and thermal resilience metrics. Results show that combining RE technologies significantly improves year-round reliability and emissions reduction. PV-only systems perform well during long outages, while battery-only setups suffice for short ones. Even basic electric heaters maintain habitability during 3-day outages. The findings offer practical insights into enhancing resilience and sustainability in rural prosumer buildings through distributed RE systems.This OA article is published under a CC licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/NEEDs Projec
Co-Designing a Digital Solution for Decreasing Loneliness and Social Isolation Among Older People in Sweden : Explorative Study
No full textBackground: Older people are particularly vulnerable to loneliness and social isolation due to common age-related changes. The ability to maintain social relationships is considered important for health and well-being and is an essential aspect of healthy aging. The use of information and communication technology has been shown to promote social connectedness and social support among older people; however, many existing solutions require already established contacts and are not developed based on expressed needs among older people experiencing loneliness or social isolation. Objective: The overarching aim of this study was to develop a prototype of a health and welfare technology intervention for decreasing loneliness and social isolation among older people. Methods: This study describes an iterative participatory design process conducted in 3 phases to create a prototype of a digital intervention for decreasing loneliness and social isolation in older people through participatory design procedures with several key stakeholders. Phase I explored social service staff’s perceptions of how social isolation and experiences of loneliness among older people can be reduced by health and welfare technology. Data were collected by conducting 2 workshops (WSs) with social service staff. Phase II explored needs related to loneliness and social isolation perceived by older people and how these needs may be targeted by using health and welfare technology. Data were collected through 2 semistructured interviews and 2 WSs. In phase III, 3 co-design WSs brought together older people with experience of loneliness or social isolation, social service staff, and IT experts to collaboratively generate and refine design ideas. Results: The main result of the study was the development of a paper prototype of the Fik@ room, which is a digital solution supporting social interaction among older people experiencing loneliness or social isolation. Key needs identified include the desire for low-threshold opportunities to connect, flexible modes of communication, and a safe and welcoming environment. These needs directly informed the final design. The main feature of the prototype is to facilitate social interaction in a digital break room with coffee tables where users can interact via video, audio, or chat. Other features are a bulletin board for announcements about interactions inside or outside of the Fik@ room, as well as a profile page. Conclusions: The iterative co-design process ensured that the solution was grounded in user needs, which may have contributed to the usability and acceptability of the Fik@ room and potentially effective in reducing loneliness and social isolation among older people. Future research should focus on evaluating effects in a real-world setting
Continuous Proximal Monitoring of Diameter Variation from Root to Fruit
No full textProximal plant-based monitoring provides high-resolution data about trees, leading to more precise orchard management and in-depth knowledge about tree physiology. The present work focuses on continuous real-time monitoring of olive cv. 'Ascolana tenera' over hourly intervals during the third stage of fruit growth (mesocarp cell expansion) under mild water stress conditions (psi Stem above -2 MPa). This is achieved by mounting dendrometers on the root, trunk, branch, and fruit to assess and model the behavior of each organ. The diameter variation in each organ over different time intervals (daily, two-weeks, and throughout the entire experiment), as well as their hysteretic patterns relative to each other and vapor pressure deficit, are demonstrated. The results show different correlations between various organs, ranging from very weak to strongly positive. However, the trend of fruit versus root consistently shows a strong positive relationship throughout the entire experiment (R2 = 0.83) and a good one across various two-week intervals (R2 ranging from 0.54 to 0.93). Additionally, different time lags in dehydration and rehydration between organs were observed, suggesting that the branch is the most reactive organ, regulating dehydration and rehydration in the tree. Regarding the hysteretic pattern, different rotational patterns and characteristics (shape) were observed among the organs and in relation to vapor pressure deficit. This research provides valuable insight into flow dynamics within a tree, models plant water relations and time lags in terms of water storage and transport, and could be implemented for precise olive tree water status detection
Den nyttiga läslusten
No full textThis article examines how problems and solutions associated with reading and readers are formulated in Swedish policy documents related to reading promotion in the period 2012–2023. In 2012 Sweden showed unusually low results in the PISA survey, and since then reading has been emphasized as a key competence for both individuals and society. Many government inquiries, propositions and directives have come into existence to politically govern and support a change. Drawing from Carol Bacchi’s policy analysis, this study explores what values and notions about reading that are expressed in central government documents from the period, and to what extent these affect the problem formulations underlying various reading promotion investments and activities for children. The analysis shows that Swedish reading promotion policies over the past decade align with a long tradition of beliefs and values regarding the benefits and importance of reading. Problems with reading are continuously related to the development of new technology, and maintaining traditional book reading becomes the focus around which solutions and proposed measures are gathered. The analysis further shows that expressed inherent values of reading, such as entertainment, enjoyment or personal intellectual development are always subordinate to societal benefit in terms of language development, successful school results, and the maintenance of a democratic society
Att vårda patienter i livets slutskede : En allmän litteraturöversikt ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv
No full textBackground: Good end-of-life care is based on promoting well-being and alleviating suffering in both patients and relatives. Nurses formulate care based on the patient’s unique needs and resources. Patients and relatives appreciated the nurses’ treatment at the end of life. Relatives experienced that nurses’ support contributed to a feeling of security. Aim: To describe nurses’ experiences caring for patients at the end of life. Method: A general literature review based on 12 articles, where seven articles were qualitative, and five articles were quantitative. Result: Three themes were identified: The importance of presence, emotional challenges and the importance of knowledge. A good relationship between nurses and patients was important for a good quality of care to be achieved. Nurses experienced emotional stress when caring for dying patients. Lack of knowledge affected nurses’ professional role in palliative care at the end of life. Conclusion: Nurses considered that presence was of great importance in creating a good relationship with patients. Competence development was also considered necessary in end-of-life care
Study tutors’ professional role and practical work with newly arrived students in Sweden
No full textStudy Tutoring in the Mother Tongue is a support measure in Swedish schools typically offered to newly arrived students. The space is often referred to as one for translanguaging because, during tutoring sessions, both study tutors and students alternate between using their native language (L1) and Swedish while discussing the subject matter. The few studies available describe study tutors as a critical ‘language and culture bridge’ for newly arrived students’. In this study, we interview ten study tutors from across Sweden to explore their perceptions of their professional role and practical work with newly arrived students. The results show that study tutors describe their work as an essential support measure for newly arrived students’ success and inclusion in school. Yet, the study tutors also highlight their work as having collaboration, time and resource constraints, and that they feel they lack the training to address these challenges. In response, the study tutors see their work as pragmatic, relying on their professional backgrounds and initiative to support their students, at times acting outside their official responsibilities. These findings show the underutilization of study tutors, the potential of which could be developed through their greater inclusion in school planning and formalized training
Pedagogisk meritering i och för förändring
No full textFörfattare:Agneta Bränberg, Anna Bergstrand, Ann-Charlotte Larsson, Annika Fjelkner Phil, Camilla Siotis Ekberg, Cecilia Johansson, Cecilia Lindh, Cecilia Mark-Herbert ,Christel Backman, Dan Paulin, Dariusz Osowski, Elaine Sjögren, Elisabeth Saalman, Eric Borgström, Gun Sparrhoff, Gustaf Onn, Helena Lööf, Henric Bagerius, Henrik Brandén, Jan Stockfors, Jan-Erik Moström, Jan-Olof Gullö, Jeanette Sjöberg, Joakim Edsjö, Jonathan Wedman, Karin Valeskog, Katarina Lindahl, Klara Bolander Laksov, Kristin Ewins, Kristy Beers Fägersten, Lars Larsson, Lena Dafgård, Lena Christensen, Lena Peterson, Lena Roos, Lena Stangvik-Urbán, Linda Barman, Lotta Jons, Magnus Hoppe, Malin Larsson Lindbäck, Marcia Håkansson Lindqvist, Maria Melén, Marie Nordström, Maris Gillette, Martin Stigmar, Oskar Gedda, Patricia Staaf, Rachel Forsyth, Roger Herbert, Sylva Frisk, Samuel Bengmark, Sara Uhnoo, Sara Rylander, Thomas Mejtoft och Åse Nygren.</p