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Post-growth:the science of wellbeing within planetary boundaries
No full textThere are increasing concerns that continued economic growth in high-income countries might not be environmentally sustainable, socially beneficial, or economically achievable. In this Review, we explore the rapidly advancing field of post-growth research, which has evolved in response to these concerns. The central idea of post-growth is to replace the goal of increasing GDP with the goal of improving human wellbeing within planetary boundaries. Key advances discussed in this Review include: the development of ecological macroeconomic models that test policies for managing without growth; understanding and reducing the growth dependencies that tie social welfare to increasing GDP in the current economy; and characterising the policies and provisioning systems that would allow resource use to be reduced while improving human wellbeing. Despite recent advances in post-growth research, important questions remain, such as the politics of transition, and transformations in the relationship between the Global North and the Global South
Geopolitics, Political Risk and Management
No full textThe geopolitical context in which Norwegian industry operates is changing rapidly. It is characterized by a multitude of hostile actors and new types of conflict. Security is now about much more than military threats to the state. The political, economic and financial dimensions of security are just as important. Security means financial security, energy supply, critical infrastructure, social security, and corporate security. The spectrum of conflict ranges from conventional war to influence operations, cyber-attacks and hybrid warfare. A number of non-state actors, with and without state support generate a broad range of risks. Technological development means that even small groups can cause great damage. It is often difficult to identify who is behind that attack, and to distinguish random events from malicious attacks before it is too late. This article deals with trends in international politics and the transition from a liberal international world characterized by globalization to a more uncertain and geopolitical world. It discusses the new threats that Norwegian business and industry face, and what this means for political risk and corporate security management. In order to secure continuity in operations, companies have to establish structures and procedures for risk analysis, crisis management and business continuity, and develop a security culture in the organization. It is the management’s responsibility to ensure that corporate security and risk management is integral part of operations
Does climate change delegitimize political parties?:How movement-party linkages in Germany, Austria, Slovakia, and Poland are reshaped
No full textContemporary climate movements such as Fridays for Future have declared to stay away from party politics out of fear of being dragged into a party-political debate. In their perspective, they advocate scientific truths which shall be implemented without political negotiations watering them down. Yet, they direct their demands towards the representative system. In this article, based on a series of qualitative interviews with activists and politicians in Germany, Austria, Poland, and Slovakia, we compare how movements and parties cooperate in the field of climate politics. Using a political opportunity structure perspective, we scrutinize the factors that shape linkages between civil society, movements, and more traditional political forms of political representation in the climate crisis. Results show that different party systems, political cultures, the presence of credible allies as well as the likelihood of influence affect party-movement linkages and activists’ satisfaction with representative democracy. Whereas Polish climate movements joined a large coalition that mobilized for the opposition victory in 2023, in Germany we found much lower levels of cooperation. In contrast, in Slovakia and Austria climate movements remain at a distance from political parties and activists show great levels of frustration with representative democracy
The dynamics of leadership and success in software development teams
No full textFrom science to industry, teamwork plays a crucial role in knowledge production and innovation. Most studies consider teams as static groups of individuals, thereby failing to capture how the micro-dynamics of collaborative processes and organizational changes determine team success. Here, we leverage fine-grained temporal data on software development teams from three software ecosystems – Rust, JavaScript, and Python – to gain insights into the dynamics of online collaborative projects. Our analysis reveals an uneven workload distribution in teams, with stronger heterogeneity correlated with higher success, and the early emergence of a lead developer carrying out the majority of work. Moreover, we find that a sizeable fraction of projects experience a change of lead developer, with such a transition being more likely in projects led by inexperienced users. Finally, we show that leadership change is associated with faster success growth. Our work contributes to a deeper understanding of the link between team evolution and success in collaborative processes
