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Who would ask whom for health advice? The structural anatomy of health advice networks among middle-aged and older adults
No full textSocial relationships provide opportunities to exchange and obtain health advice. Not only close confidants may be perceived as sources of health advice, but also acquaintances met in places outside a closed circle of family and friends, e.g., in voluntary organizations. This study is the first to analyze the structure of complete health advice networks in three voluntary organizations and compare them with more commonly studied close relationships. To this end, we collected data on multiple networks and health outcomes among 143 middle-aged and older adults (mean age = 53.9 years) in three carnival clubs in Germany. Our analyses demonstrate that perceived health advice and close relationships overlap only by 34%. Moreover, recent advances in exponential random graph models (ERGMs) allow us to illustrate that the network structure of perceived health advice differs starkly from that of close relationships. For instance, we found that advice networks exhibited lower transitivity and greater segregation by gender and age in comparison to networks of close relationships. We also found that actors with poor physical health perceive less individuals as health advisors than those with good physical health. Our findings suggest that community settings, such as voluntary associations, provide a unique platform for exchanging health advice and information among both close and distant network members
Climate change anxiety and its effect on emotional and functional health:Regional analysis
No full textThis study examines the impact of climate change anxiety on emotional and functional health across diverse demographic groups. Using Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, and Duhok as a case study, demographic predictors, and functional impairments, were assessed by the Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CCAS). A cross-sectional study was conducted between July 28, 2024, and January 28, 2025, in the three main cities of the Kurdistan Region, using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the 13-item Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CCAS), translated into Kurdish and Arabic. The tool measured cognitive-emotional and functional impairment domains. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 29. Chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, Pearson correlation, and regression analyses were used to examine associations and predictors of climate anxiety. The results show that cognitive-emotional factors significantly predicted functional impairment, explaining 70.3 % of the variance, with a strong correlation (r = 0.838). The findings suggest that climate change anxiety negatively affects emotional and functional well-being, particularly among older individuals, urban residents, and those in financially precarious situations. This study concludes that high levels of climate anxiety are influenced by age, geography, and housing. Interventions should promote resilience, awareness, and sustainable urban planning. Integrated policies and further research are essential to address these challenges
What Do People Desire in Their Leaders?:An Affordance Management Approach to Trait Desirability Across Domains
No full textAlthough research has extensively examined the traits people expect leaders to possess, it has only recently begun to highlight the importance of investigating the traits that followers truly desire in leaders. Applying an affordance management approach, we hypothesized that some traits (i.e., those necessary to accomplish most group goals) would be desired in all leaders. In contrast, other traits (i.e., those relevant to accomplishing competitive vs. cooperative goals) should differ in their desirability depending on the goals of the respective group. In Studies 1 (student sample) and 3 (working adult sample), participants were presented with leaders who were initially lacking 10 positive traits. Participants in Study 2 received leaders who all were at the 100th percentile on 10 corresponding negative traits. We then asked them to use their budgets to increase (Studies 1 and 3) or decrease (Study 2) amounts of these traits with the goal of “building” ideal leaders. Across the three studies, results suggested that participants desired some traits (i.e., intelligence, trustworthiness) across leadership domains while the desirability of other traits (e.g., assertiveness, cooperativeness) was dependent on the goals of the group. We discuss the implications of affordance management on leadership practice
