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Women, gender, and constitutionalism in Central and Eastern Europe:Introduction to the symposium
No full textThis introduction aims to explain the main findings of the contributions to this Symposium regarding women, gender, and constitutionalism in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). The main conclusion is that that the region is not homogeneous, despite some commonalities (partly related to a common socialist tradition). While the cultural gender clashes have played out in varying ways and areas in different countries, LGBT+ rights seem to be more controversial than gender equality understood as equality between women and men. We also observe that the rise of illiberalism and populism saw an upsurge in the use of direct democracy, through referenda (especially on marriage equality), while courts have been engaged by both progressive and regressive actors, with varying results across the region. In this introduction, we first present and embed the project. We then address what constitutional contestations in the region tell us about its gender order. The final part analyzes the trajectories and outcomes of constitutionalization of gender issues in the region
Social construction and meta-ground
No full textThe notion of social construction plays an important role in many areas of social philosophy, including the philosophy of gender and sex, the philosophy of race, and the philosophy of disability. Yet it is far from clear how this notion is to be understood. One promising proposal in the recent literature is that social construction may be analyzed in terms of the notion of metaphysical grounding. In this paper, I introduce a new problem for this ground-theoretic approach to social construction, and I argue that extant ground-theoretic accounts are unable to avoid this and other problems. I then propose a novel ground-theoretic account of social construction which avoids these problems. The core idea is that cases of social construction involve a distinctively social means of construction. I develop this idea using the notion of meta-ground, so that on the resulting view the distinctive feature of socially constructed facts is that their associated meta-grounds include a suitable connective social fact
