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Semiautomated analysis of faults with meter-scale displacements and networks of planar features using high-resolution 3D seismic data to investigate gas leakage at the Vestnesa Ridge, Eastern Fram Strait
No full textWe develop a semiautomated method for extracting faults and other planar features from two high-resolution (HR) seismic volumes in the eastern Fram Strait. We assess seismic data quality and resolution prior to structural interpretation to determine the appropriate processing workflow. This workflow, designed for HR data sets, identifies meter-scale (>3–4 m) faults and other planar features, picked up by subtle changes in the curvature and discontinuities of seismic reflections, to investigate their relationship with fluid migration in the shallow subsurface. Although evidence exists for Holocene (approximately <8 ka) fault-associated gas seepage, structures in both volumes are presently sealing. We assess structures based on those that have measurable throw (faults) and those that do not (planar features). Structures lacking measurable throw are significant because they appear to represent fluid flow pathways. This technique enhances the analysis of the geometries of the mapped structures, facilitating the interpretation of meter-scale fault throws and the orientations of planar features. We provide insights into the evolution of structures previously linked to episodes of fluid migration and gas leakage at the Vestnesa Ridge. We infer zones of dilation (i.e., opening) at locations where faults or networks of planar features interact and investigate how these structures influence localized uplift and shallowing of the interface between free gas and gas hydrate (i.e., the bottom-simulating reflection).Tromsø Research Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100016934Research Council of Norway http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/50110000541
Retrospective for the Dynamic Sensorium Competition for predicting large-scale mouse primary visual cortex activity from videos
No full textUnderstanding how biological visual systems process information is challenging because of the nonlinear relationship between visual input and neuronal responses. Artificial neural networks allow computational neuroscientists to create predictive models that connect biological and machine vision. Machine learning has benefited tremendously from benchmarks that compare different models on the same task under standardized conditions. However, there was no standardized benchmark to identify state-of-the-art dynamic models of the mouse visual system. To address this gap, we established the SENSORIUM 2023 Benchmark Competition with dynamic input, featuring a new large-scale dataset from the primary visual cortex of ten mice. This dataset includes responses from 78,853 neurons to 2 hours of dynamic stimuli per neuron, together with behavioral measurements such as running speed, pupil dilation, and eye movements. The competition ranked models in two tracks based on predictive performance for neuronal responses on a held-out test set: one focusing on predicting in-domain natural stimuli and another on out-of-distribution (OOD) stimuli to assess model generalization. As part of the NeurIPS 2023 Competition Track, we received more than 160 model submissions from 22 teams. Several new architectures for predictive models were proposed, and the winning teams improved the previous state-of-the-art model by 50%. Access to the dataset as well as the benchmarking infrastructure will remain online at www.sensorium-competition.net
The probability of non-isomorphic group structures of isogenous elliptic curves in finite field extensions, II
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 National Science Foundatio
Successful delayed endoscopic management of dislocated hepaticogastrostomy stent with self-expanding metal stent and esophageal perforation closure
No full textColossal magnetoresistance effect and spin-dependent variable-range hopping in the charge ordered phase of overdoped ( La , Ca ) MnO 3 manganites
No full textHrvatska Zaklada za Znanost http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004488Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004329Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/50110000165
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Very Low Birth Weight Infants Following Extrauterine Placental Perfusion: A Follow‐Up Study
No full textABSTRACT Aim Extrauterine placental perfusion (EPP) may be a feasible cord clamping strategy in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants to support neonatal transition. However, the impact of EPP on neurodevelopment remains unclear. The study aimed to compare the effects of EPP with time‐based delayed cord clamping (DCC) on neurodevelopmental outcomes. Methods This follow‐up study of the randomised controlled EXPLAIN (Extrauterine Placental Transfusion in Resuscitation of Very Low Birth Weight Infants) trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03916159) was conducted at a tertiary perinatal centre from 2021 to 2023. Antenatally randomised VLBW infants received either EPP or DCC (> 30 s). Neurodevelopment was assessed at 24 months of corrected age using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition. Data analysis was intention‐to‐treat. Results Of 59 infants enrolled, 54 (92%) participated in the follow‐up (27 EPP, 27 DCC). Median age at assessment was 24.3 months (range 23.5–25.0); 28 (52%) were male. Infant characteristics and short‐term outcomes were similar between groups. No relevant differences were observed in median cognitive, motor or language scores or in rates of cerebral palsy, hearing, or visual impairment. Conclusion The neurodevelopment of the VLBW infants who received EPP and DCC was comparable, suggesting that EPP may be a viable alternative.Summary This study was needed to evaluate whether extrauterine placental perfusion could be a feasible alternative to delayed cord clamping in very low birth weight infants requiring respiratory support at birth. Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months of corrected age were found to be comparable between the two groups. These findings suggest that extrauterine placental perfusion may be considered as an alternative cord clamping strategy in clinical practice.ABSTRACT Aim Extrauterine placental perfusion (EPP) may be a feasible cord clamping strategy in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants to support neonatal transition. However, the impact of EPP on neurodevelopment remains unclear. The study aimed to compare the effects of EPP with time‐based delayed cord clamping (DCC) on neurodevelopmental outcomes. Methods This follow‐up study of the randomised controlled EXPLAIN (Extrauterine Placental Transfusion in Resuscitation of Very Low Birth Weight Infants) trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03916159) was conducted at a tertiary perinatal centre from 2021 to 2023. Antenatally randomised VLBW infants received either EPP or DCC (> 30 s). Neurodevelopment was assessed at 24 months of corrected age using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition. Data analysis was intention‐to‐treat. Results Of 59 infants enrolled, 54 (92%) participated in the follow‐up (27 EPP, 27 DCC). Median age at assessment was 24.3 months (range 23.5–25.0); 28 (52%) were male. Infant characteristics and short‐term outcomes were similar between groups. No relevant differences were observed in median cognitive, motor or language scores or in rates of cerebral palsy, hearing, or visual impairment. Conclusion The neurodevelopment of the VLBW infants who received EPP and DCC was comparable, suggesting that EPP may be a viable alternative.Summary This study was needed to evaluate whether extrauterine placental perfusion could be a feasible alternative to delayed cord clamping in very low birth weight infants requiring respiratory support at birth. Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months of corrected age were found to be comparable between the two groups. These findings suggest that extrauterine placental perfusion may be considered as an alternative cord clamping strategy in clinical practice.Marga und Walter Boll-Stiftung https://doi.org/10.13039/50110001156
Dental Implant Therapy in Patients With Autoimmune Diseases: A Scoping Review
No full textABSTRACT Objectives The aim of this scoping review is to determine the effects of autoimmune diseases (ADs) and the agents used for treatment on dental implant survival and biologic outcomes. Material and Methods An electronic database search was performed in MEDLINE (PubMed), The Cochrane Library, and Embase on 29‐04‐2024. Clinical studies in English on implant therapy in patients with ADs were potentially eligible. Recorded variables included study information, patient demographics, ADs, immunosuppressants, antiresorptives, dental implant survival rate, biologic complications, and oral health‐related quality of life. Descriptive statistics were performed. Results A total of 6319 records were retrieved through database search and hand search, of which 87 studies could be included with an overweight of case reports and retrospective studies. The available evidence was characterized by a high number of studies placed low on the hierarchy of evidence. Several outcome parameters were heterogeneously reported. Glucocorticoids were the most frequently administrated immunosuppressant. The implant survival rate was overall 85.3%–100%; hereof, 46.7%–100% of implant losses occurred early, indicating a certain risk of implant failure. Despite high implant survival in oral lichen planus (OLP) patients, one study lost 42 of 55 implants in patients with untreated flare‐up of OLP. Conclusions Dental implant treatment is generally predictable with a high implant survival rate, after mid‐term follow‐up, in patients with ADs, of whom many receive immunosuppressants. Implant losses occurred predominantly before prosthetic loading. Particularly, patients with mucosal manifestations of their ADs seem to benefit from implant‐supported restorations provided mucosal lesions are well treated. However, overall low‐level scientific evidence was available
Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma With TCR ‐γδ Expression: A Case Series of Eleven Patients of a Rare Immunophenotypic Variant
No full textABSTRACT Background Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL) and lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) are indolent CD30‐positive lymphoproliferative disorders that rarely express TCR‐γδ. However, primary cutaneous gamma‐delta T‐cell lymphoma (pcGDTCL), characterized by TCR‐γδ expression on neoplastic cells, is a rare, aggressive cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma with a poor prognosis. Accurate differentiation is essential due to distinct clinical behavior and treatment. Methods We identified 11 TCR‐γδ‐positive pcALCL cases from internal and consultation files, verified by two cutaneous lymphoma experts, with clinicopathologic data recorded. Results The median age was 68 years (range 38–95). Most cases presented as a single dermal lesion on the upper extremities. All were ALK‐negative, CD30‐positive (> 90% tumor cells), TCR‐βF1‐negative, and diffusely TCR‐γδ‐positive. CD4−/CD8− (54.5%) and CD4+/CD8− (45.5%) immunophenotypes were observed. CD2 (63.6%) and CD3 (54.5%) were the most common T‐cell antigens. Ulceration, inflammation (both 45.5%), and necrosis (36.4%) were frequent. Angiotropism, angiocentricity, and myxoid stroma appeared in one case; epidermotropism in two. Four of ten tested were DUSP22 ‐rearranged, and TP63 was negative in all eight tested. Conclusions Most ALK‐negative TCR‐γδ‐positive pcALCL were CD4−/CD8−, followed by CD4+/CD8−. DUSP22 rearrangement occurred in 40% of cases, similar to reports in typical pcALCL. Its prognosis and the role of DUSP22 are yet to be clarified
Inorganic Carbon Should Be Considered for Carbon Sequestration in Agricultural Soils
No full textABSTRACT Improved agricultural practices that restore soil organic carbon (SOC) are recognized as climate solutions, whereas soil inorganic carbon (SIC) is ignored nearly in all practices. Here, we meta‐analyzed the joint response of SOC and SIC to six common agricultural practices, i.e., reduced tillage, irrigation, fertilization, residue utilization, reclamation, and restoration. The results demonstrated that the most agricultural practices strongly increased SOC, whereas SIC was less sensitive. SOC and SIC increased synergistically by following practices: Irrigation, biochar application, and improved reclamation. However, “trade‐offs” between SOC and SIC due to mineral fertilizer application and restoration to forestland may partly offset soil carbon sequestration. The magnitude of SOC changes decreased with increasing depth, and deep SOC was still responsive to agricultural practices. In contrast, SIC loss occurred mainly in the topsoil, while increases were mainly in the deep soil. By optimizing agricultural practices, we estimated the global potential of carbon sequestration in soil at 1.5 Gt yr. −1 (95% confidence interval: 0.3–2.8), with SOC contributing 1.4 Gt yr. −1 , while SIC contributed less (0.1 Gt yr. −1 ) due to its losses under some practices. This potential is equivalent to 16% of global fossil fuel emissions. Concluding, this study highlights the potential contribution of SIC in enhancing the integrity of soil‐based climate solutions, broadening the scope of carbon management in mitigating climate change.National Natural Science Foundation of China https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001809National Key Research and Development Program of China https://doi.org/10.13039/50110001216