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Label-free impedimetric immunosensor for the detection of Fibulin-2 as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in human saliva
No full textPsychometric properties of the German version of the clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) in routine clinical settings: a multi-trait/multi-method study in civilians and military personnel
No full textAbstract Background The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5) is a structured diagnostic interview developed for diagnosing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To ensure compliance with PTSD inclusion criteria, an initial study investigated the psychometric properties and factorial structure of the German version of CAPS-5 using data collected previously. The present study’s objective was to validate the robustness of the psychometric properties of the German CAPS-5 by assessing its validity within a routine clinical context. Methods A total of 288 participants were recruited for the study. The validity of the German CAPS-5 was assessed using a multi-trait/multi-method design. Additionally, the study explored internal consistency, test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, and the interview’s diagnostic accuracy. Ultimately, a cut-off score was determined through receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analyses. Results The study demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency, test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, construct validity, and diagnostic accuracy for the German CAPS-5. Furthermore, the study established a cut-off score of ≥ 39 for the German CAPS-5 sum score. Discussion The German CAPS-5 emerged as a structured diagnostic interview exhibiting good to excellent psychometric properties. The findings indicated solid convergent validity of the German CAPS-5; however, further research is warranted to investigate its divergent validity. Trial registration DRKS00015325 ( https://www.drks.de ; registered on January 10, 2019).Highlights This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the German version of the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5). The German version of the CAPS-5 showed good to excellent internal consistency, test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, construct validity, and diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, this study established a cut-off score of ≥ 39 for the German CAPS-5 sum score
Global evolution of female authorships in anesthesiology articles: an affiliation-based, longitudinal, scientometric analysis
No full textAbstract Background Although a gender gap in anesthesiology articles has been reported in certain subsets of anesthesiology literature, a comprehensive analysis is still lacking. Our objective was to conduct a scientometric analysis of the evolution of gender equity among anesthesiology authors worldwide, including all available affiliations. We hypothesized that gender inequity has diminished over time, with relevant differences among countries. Methods The MEDLINE/PubMed 2024 Baseline Repository was queried for all articles whose authors were affiliated with a department of anesthesiology. Author positions were sequenced into first, co-authors, and senior authors. Gender was inferred using online classification tools (genderize.io and gender-api.com). Geolocation was identified through text mining of the first author’s affiliation. The primary endpoint was the evolution of female authors from 1987 to 2023, calculated descriptively and by average annual growth rates. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of female authors in first or senior author position, the influence of senior authors’ gender on first authors’ gender, geographical differences, and future projections of parity (defined as 50% female authors). Results Among 374,301 anesthesiology articles and 7,574 journals, the proportion of female authors increased from 13.6% (1987) to 34.3% (2023) with an average annual growth of 0.57% (95%-confidence interval 0.38% − 0.77%). First authors were female in 30.0% and senior authors in 20.7%, with increases from 11.7% (1987) to 36.9% (2023), and from 11.0% (1987) to 25.9% (2023), respectively. Female authors were overall more likely to be first authors when the senior author was also female. In 2023, only Thailand and Portugal had a percentage of female authors over 50%. Tunisia achieved the highest average annual growth rate of female authors at 2.28% (95%-CI 1.51% − 3.06%). Based on the assumption that current trends continue unchanged, overall gender parity is estimated to be achieved by 2050, for first authors by 2043 and for senior authors by 2072. Conclusions Despite an increase in recent decades, women are still underrepresented as authors in academic anesthesiology, particularly in leading authorship positions. While relevant differences between countries exist, strategies addressing this gender gap at a country-specific level are needed to promote female authorship in academic anesthesiology
Magmatic evolution and secondary silica mineralisation in the amethyst-hosting lavas of the Paraná-Etendeka Large Igneous Province, Uruguay: Insights from a multidisciplinary study
No full textCorrection: Overcoming Language Barriers in Paramedic Care With an App Designed to Improve Communication With Foreign-Language Patients: Nonrandomized Controlled Pilot Study
No full text[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/43255.]
Optimal Transport Based Testing in Factorial Design
No full textWe introduce a general framework for testing statistical hypotheses for probability measures supported on finite spaces, which is based on optimal transport (OT). These tests are inspired by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and its nonparametric counterparts. They allow for testing linear relationships in factorial designs between discrete probability measures and are based on pairwise comparisons of the OT distance and corresponding barycenters. To this end, we derive under the null hypotheses and (local) alternatives the asymptotic distribution of empirical OT costs and the empirical OT barycenter cost functional as the optimal value of linear programs with random objective function. In particular, we extend existing techniques for probability to signed measures and show directional Hadamard differentiability and the validity of the functional delta method. We discuss computational issues, permutation and bootstrap tests, and back up our findings with simulations. We illustrate our methodology on two datasets from cellular biophysics and biometric identification
Lipid metabolism and neuroinflammation: What is the link?
No full textLipid metabolism is central to host defense by supporting and modulating immune cell function. Immune signaling pathways control anabolic lipid processes to drive membrane synthesis and produce bioactive lipid mediators during activation. In turn, metabolic states profoundly influence immune signaling, particularly during the resolution of inflammation. Emerging evidence highlights a dynamic interplay between lipid metabolism and neuroinflammation. A striking example is the intrinsic lipoprotein system of the central nervous system, which undergoes profound changes during pathology, with lipoproteins serving not only in lipid transport but also as immune modulators and as contributors to disease tolerance. Importantly, major neurodegenerative diseases are genetically linked to disruptions in lipid metabolism. Deciphering this complex cross talk may provide opportunities for novel therapies targeting neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders
Experimental diagenesis reveals preservation of biosignatures in filamentous sulfur mats under hydrothermal conditions
No full textFour-dimensional imaging in teleorthodontics – analysis of accuracy in patients with dentofacial deformities compared with controls
No full textAbstract Background Teleorthodontics may offer benefits to both patients and providers in terms of accessibility, efficiency, and quality of care. Therefore, there is an increasing need for accurate, noninvasive monitoring technologies. The present study evaluated the accuracy of a mobile device for four-dimensional imaging in capturing dynamic facial movements and its potential application in orthodontic patients with severe dentofacial deformities. Methods In this prospective clinical study, facial movements of 30 adult orthodontic patients (dentofacial deformity: n = 20, controls: n = 10) were captured to evaluate the accuracy of a 4D mobile camera system. Imaging was conducted via Intel RealSense D415 in three settings: (1) with high-accuracy preset, (2) with medium-density presets, and (3) with additional tracking software. The stationary system Canfield Vectra H5 served as the gold standard. Each patient was asked to perform three movements: maximum smiling, lip pursing, and cheek puffing. Accuracy was assessed by the root mean square (RMS). Results In total, 270 4D sequences were analyzed. Overall, the RMS between the 4D sequences and the gold standard were smaller than 1 mm (p < .001). The (a) high-accuracy setting results in a significantly lower RMS than does the (b) medium-density setting (p < .001). Setting (c) resulted in higher RMS values for lip pursing and cheek puffing than setting (a) or (b). Among the movements, smiling presented the greatest RMS, whereas lip pursing and cheek puffing presented similarly small differences. Class-wise comparisons did not reveal evidence of differences. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that the portable 4D camera system achieved sub-millimeter accuracy in patients with dentofacial deformities. Accuracy was influenced by the recording preset, whereas additional software did not improve performance. Within the limits of this pilot study, the device showed adequate recording quality to support feasibility in teleorthodontic applications for capturing facial dynamics. Future research should evaluate its usability, cost-effectiveness, and potential integration with artificial intelligence to extend clinical applications
Structured Analysis of Software Testing Education in Higher Education in Germany
No full textSoftware testing plays a critical role in the success of software development projects. As the complexity of software grows, the demand for qualified software testing specialists is rising. Despite this, a gap persists between the knowledge required in the industry and the competencies offered in academic curricula. To delve deeper into educational strategies, this study investigates the state of software testing education in German higher education by analyzing module manuals from 162 Universities and Universities of Applied Sciences manually, focusing on Information Systems, Computer Science, and Information and Media Technology-related study programs. We assess in 754 study programs the integration of teaching methods and competencies of 1.552 modules related to software testing. The research identifies variations in educational approaches and gaps between the instructional content and industry standards, e.g., the ISTQB Foundation Level. The findings emphasize the importance of aligning software testing education with industry standards and suggest incorporating practical, project-based learning to better prepare students for the professional demands of software testing. Therefore, based on
teaching approaches from the module manuals, we provide recommendations to enhance the integration of software testing in curricula, focusing on the broader inclusion of ISTQB standards, practical exercises, and interdisciplinary teaching approaches. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on improving software testing education and highlights areas for future research in academic and practical contexts