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Regularization for time-dependent inverse problems: Geometry of Lebesgue-Bochner spaces and algorithms
No full textWe consider time-dependent inverse problems in a mathematical setting using Lebesgue-Bochner spaces. Such problems arise when one aims to recover a function from given observations where the function or the data depend on time. Lebesgue-Bochner spaces allow to easily incorporate the different nature of time and space.
In this manuscript, we present two different regularization methods in Lebesgue Bochner spaces:
1. classical Tikhonov regularization in Banach spaces
2. variational regularization by penalizing the time-derivative
In the first case, we additionally investigate geometrical properties of Lebesgue Bochner spaces. In particular, we compute the duality mapping and show that these spaces are smooth of power type. With this we can implement Tikhononv regularization in Lebesgue-Bochner spaces using different
regularities for time and space.
We test both methods using the example of dynamic computerized tomography
Decoding synthetic news: an interpretable multimodal framework for the classification of news articles in a novel news corpus
No full textOpen-Access-Publikationsfonds 202
Blood-derived microRNA signatures associated with hippocampal structure and atrophy rate: Findings from the Rhineland Study
No full text
PP2A-B56α is a key determinant of cardiac protein phosphorylation and functional responses to β-adrenergic signalling
No full textB56α is a protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) regulatory subunit which modulates the heart's inotropic response to acute β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation, although knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanisms is limited. In this study, mice deficient for B56α and wildtype controls received an intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol (0.1 mg/kg) to activate β-AR signalling in vivo, and their hearts examined two minutes post-injection by quantitative phosphoproteomics to identify mechanisms of acute β-adrenergic signalling. We identified site- and genotype-specific phosphorylation changes on >200 proteins, including 25 hyperphosphorylated proteins harbouring a B56 binding motif as putative substrates. Functional enrichment analysis pointed to cardiac Ca2+ release and contractility as key processes impacted by B56α deficiency, as well as cardiac muscle hypertrophy as a potential disease mechanism. In vitro, loss of B56α in cardiomyocytes blunted acute isoproterenol-induced increases in intracellular calcium transient amplitude, confirming that B56α plays a key role in calcium handling. In vivo, loss of B56α protected mice from developing systolic dysfunction in response to sustained isoproterenol infusion (60 mg/kg/day for 14 days), despite comparable increases in heart mass. These findings reaffirm a key role for B56α as a mediator of physiologically important cardiac responses to β-AR stimulation and reveal potential new molecular mechanisms for this regulatory function, including putative cardiac B56α substrates
Weathering by mycorrhizal fungi defines a threshold for nutrients in ecosystems along an aridity gradient
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001663 Volkswagen Foundatio
Organic substrate quality influences microbial community assembly and nitrogen transport to plants in the hyphosphere of a temperate grassland soil
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003385 Georg-August-Universität Göttingenhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaf
Mineral-bound lipid formation in soils and sediments: the importance of microbial pathways
No full textPhylogeny of the species-rich pantropical genus Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae) based on hybrid capture
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaf
Subgroup identification using individual participant data from multiple trials: An application in low back pain
No full textAbstract Model-based recursive partitioning (MOB) and its extension, metaMOB, are tools for identifying subgroups with differential treatment effects. When pooling data from various trials the metaMOB approach uses random effects to model the heterogeneity of treatment effects. In situations where interventions offer only small overall benefits and require extensive, costly trials with a large participant enrollment, leveraging individual-participant data (IPD) from multiple trials can help identify individuals who are most likely to benefit from the intervention. We explore the application of MOB and metaMOB in the context of non-specific low back pain treatment, using synthetic data based on a subset of the individual participant data meta-analysis by Patel et al. 1 Our study underscores the need to explore heterogeneity in intercepts and treatment effects to identify subgroups with differential treatment effects in IPD meta-analyses