The Indian Society of Agricultural Engineers
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कृषि के उभरते मुद्दे और संभावित कृषि इंजीनियरिंग समाधान
No full textकृषि भारत की रीढ़ है और किसी भी औद्योगिक विकास का आधार है। वर्तमान में कृषि कठिन समस्याओं का सामना कर रही है और वर्तमान पारंपरिक प्रथाओं से बेहतर परिशुद्धता कृषि की ओर प्रतिमान बदलाव की आवश्यकता है। वर्तमान कृषि को विशेष रूप से ग्रामीण कृषि में कई समस्याओं का सामना करना पड़ रहा है ताकि इसे आर्थिक रूप से व्यवहार्य बनाया जा सके और ग्रामीण युवाओं को कृषि की ओर आकर्षित किया जा सके। यद्यपि वर्तमान कृषि समस्याओं को हल करने के लिए कई आशाजनक कृषि इंजीनियरिंग हस्तक्षेप उपलब्ध हैं, लेकिन इन हस्तक्षेपों के प्रभावी कार्यान्वयन के लिए जमीनी स्तर पर उनका उपयोग करने और कुशल कृषि इंजीनियरिंग मानव संसाधन पर कोई उचित जोर नहीं दिया गया है। समय की मांग है कि मुद्दों को प्राथमिकता दी जाए, उन्हें हल करने के लिए सही मानव संसाधनों को तैनात किया जाए, संसाधनों का पूरा उपयोग किया जाए और कृषि को सबसे अधिक लाभदायक और टिकाऊ बनाने के लिए इसमें काफी बदलाव लाया जाए
Development and Performance Evaluation of Three Row Floating Type Weeder for Small Rice Farms
No full textWeed management is one of the major challenges in agriculture practices. Mechanical weed control has emerged as an efficient and cost-effective alternative to the labour-intensive practice of manual weeding. However, the evolving demands of the agricultural sector, particularly in terms of food safety and consumer preferences have led to the need for more efficient weed control methods. A power-operated three-row floating type weeder for rice field was designed and developed. The machine was powered by 1.3 kW petrol engine and consisted of a power transmission system, handle assembly, two drive weeding rollers, one driven weeding roller and coulters. Field evaluations were conducted at three forward speeds (1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 km h⁻¹) and three water levels (10, 20, and 30 mm) to assess operational performance. Results revealed that the maximum weeding efficiency (92%) was achieved at forward speed of 1.0 km h⁻¹ with a water level of 30 mm, while the highest field capacity (0.085 ha h⁻¹) was recorded at 1.4 km h⁻¹ under the same condition. The lowest plant damage (1.5%) occurred at 1.4 km h⁻¹ and water level of 10 mm. However, when all three performance indicators of weeding efficiency, field capacity and plant damage were considered together, the combination of 1.2 km h⁻¹ forward speed and 30 mm water level was found to provide the best overall operational performance with weeding efficiency of 91%, field capacity of 0.082 ha h⁻¹ and plant damage of 1.15%. Therefore, this combination is recommended as the optimum operating condition for the developed floating weeder. Overall, the developed weeder exhibited efficient performance, minimum operator drudgery, and proved suitable for small- and medium-scale wetland paddy cultivation
Design and Testing of a Solar Greenhouse Dryer for Marigold Flower Seed Extraction
No full textThis study presents the design, development, and testing of a solar greenhouse dryer specifically for drying marigold flowers. Traditional methods being adopted for drying marigold are labour-intensive and time-consuming. The newly developed solar dryer, equipped with evacuated tube solar air heaters, significantly reduces drying time to about 2 days with a higher seed germination rate of 90%. Experimental trials established 50°C as the ideal drying temperature for seed viability. Analysis for environmental impact revealed significant CO2 mitigation with an energy payback period of 7.57 years and earning lifetime carbon credits worth Rs. 65,794.40. Economic feasibility of the system revealed a payback period of 2.86 years. Additionally, it enabled early sowing of crops such as watermelon and melon, enhancing farm profitability. The solar dryer represents an efficient, environmentally sustainable, and economically viable option for farmers, with a potential for wide adaptation of marigold seed production
Comparison of Satellite Based Models for Estimating Evapotranspiration of Soybean Crop
No full textPrecise estimates of actual crop evapotranspiration (ETa) are important for managing water use effectively under different climatic conditions. The ETa can be accurately estimated by using standard models and appropriate models, and by employing advanced cloud-based geospatial technologies. In this study, daily ETa values of soybean crop were estimated using Decision Support System for Irrigation Water Management (DSS-IWM), Earth Engine Evapotranspiration Flux (EEFlux). The estimated values of ETa were compared with that of computed from the standard FAO-56 Penman-Monteith model. This study utilized six satellite images of Landsat to monitor the ETa during crop growing season of Soybean. The ETa values estimated by DSS-IWM, EEFlux and FAO-56 Penman-Monteith model ranged from 0.26 to 2.86, 0.96 to 4.70 and 1.10 to 6.41 mm day-1 with the mean values of 2.45, 1.40 and 3.05 mm day-1, respectively. The results revealed that both the DSS-IWM and EEFlux models underestimated the seasonal ETa values by 54.17% and 19.72%, respectively, as compared to that obtained from the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith model. The results of the DSS-IWM model showed a moderate level of agreement with the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith model with value of index of agreement (IA) as 0.55, root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.88 mm day-1, and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of 0.61. On the other hand, the results of the EEFlux model revealed more closeness to the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith model with values of IA as 0.87, RMSE as 0.81 mm day-1, and NRMSE as 0.27. These findings indicated that the EEFlux model can be used for estimating the field-scale ETa values accurately for soybean crop. The study demonstrated potential of EEFlux model for regional scale assessment of ETa
Renewable Energy - Revolutionizing Indian Agriculture
No full textWith the largest population of 1.45 billion in the world, India is a lowermiddle income country with GNI per capita of USD 2650. It is also the fastest growing economies in the world with a growth rate of 6.5% in 2024 and aspires to be a developed by 2047. However, India chooses to grow in a clean, sustainable way aimed to be net zero by 2070. Solar and wind energy plays a major role in decarbonization pathways and has a target of 500 GW of installed capacity from non-fossil fuel sources by 2030. Agri sector in India employs over 43% workforce and contributes 16.4% to the economy is in FY 2024. That signifies how the agricultural sector is the backbone of rural livelihoods and food security. Close to 60% of the agriculture in India is rainfed. However, the rainfall patterns have changed due to climate change. In this background, renewable energy, particularly the solar energy is emerging as a welcome change offering clean, decentralized and affordable energy for the farmers. Yet, it has both pross and cons. Let us first discuss the advantages first
Building India’s Next-Generation Agri-Food System
No full textIndia’s Reform Wave in Agri- Food System India’s agri-food landscape is undergoing a remarkable transformation. In recent years, there has been a wave of national initiatives—each aimed at improving productivity, sustainability, farmer incomes, and nutritional security. From dietary diversification to digital agriculture, ecological transitions to institutional strengthening, the country is laying down the building blocks of a more modern and resilient food system. One of the most visible shifts has been the renewed emphasis on nutritionsensitive crops. The International Year of Millets in 2023 catalysed unprecedented global and domestic attention, with states launching dedicated millet missions, investing in value-chain development, and integrating millets into anganwadi meals, public distribution systems, and school meals. Alongside this, the ongoing national focus on pulses — including MSP support, cluster development, procurement expansion and launch of National Mission on Pulses — marks a significant step toward improving protein security and addressing India’s long-standing pulse deficit
2047 तक कृषि यंत्रीकरण को अधिकतम करने के दिशा निर्देश
No full text2047 तक कृषि यंत्रीकरण को अधिकतम करने के दिशा निर्दे
नवीकरणीय ऊर्जाः कृषि विकास के लिए एक नया प्रतिमान
No full textनवीकरणीय ऊर्जाः कृषि विकास के लिए एक नया प्रतिमा