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Do Consumer Assessments of Specific Experiences or General Experiences Yield More Informative Responses?
No full textThis manuscript used information entropy-based methods to assess the quantity of information contained in customer satisfaction surveys. More specifically, this manuscript assessed whether customers provided a larger quantity of information in their responses when asked about the overall bundle of services they received, compared to when they were asked to evaluate otherwise identical survey items addressing a more narrowly defined set of services sold as part of the overall bundle. The methodology was applied to survey data drawn from an initiative to assess alumni satisfaction with their college experience. When assessing the quantity of information provided by each respondent across multiple survey items, respondents who assessed a more comprehensive set of services provided a significantly higher quantity of information than those who were asked for perceptions covering a more narrowly defined set of services
Effect of Calorie Labeling on African American Young Adults
No full textObesity in the US has caused increased rates of diseases. Public health intervention is needed to address this issue. Several strategies have been explored to encourage healthy eating, including calorie labeling. Research has shown that the efficacy of calorie labeling depends on context and demographics. The current study investigates this effect in a new context-young African American communities. The result reveals that people reduce their calories from sides first, although the overall number of calories may not decrease. A compensatory mechanism appears to be present among the three components—entrée, side and dessert and it can be explained by moral self-licensing theory
“Mind the Gap” – Early Academics’ Experiences of the Transition From Research Studies to Research Careers
No full textIn recent decades, doctoral education in Sweden has become more formalized, shifting supervision responsibilities to higher education institutions (HEIs) and introducing challenges for early-career academics, including competition, precarious employment, and demands for grants and publications. This study explores the experiences of 24 associate senior lecturers and postdoctoral fellows transitioning from doctoral studies to independent research careers at five Swedish HEIs. Using reflexive thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews, three themes emerged: research, teaching, and career support. Research support is often inadequate, with limited guidance, funding difficulties, and heavy teaching loads. Teaching support is lacking, leaving participants unprepared for teaching responsibilities. Career support is a critical gap, with many experiencing uncertainty and isolation post-PhD due to insufficient mentorship and structure. The findings highlight the need for tailored support, including mentorship, training, and institutional resources, to bridge gaps during this vulnerable phase. HEIs should enhance professional development through formal mentorship, targeted training, and structured systems to support early-career academics’ career progression
Evaluating the Impact of a Custom ChatGPT Adaptive Simulator on Students’ Salary Negotiation Performance: A Pre-Post Study Bridging Theory and Practice
No full textThis study examined the effectiveness of a custom ChatGPT adaptive simulator in enhancing students’ salary negotiation skills through experiential learning and applied negotiation principles. A one-group pre–post quasi-experimental design assessed a negotiation lecture intervention using the ChatGPT simulator. Students first completed two pre-intervention negotiations, received a lecture on anchoring bias and concession strategies, and then completed two post-intervention negotiations. Outcomes were compared to measure performance changes. The sample included undergraduate students. Paired-samples t-tests showed significant improvements following the intervention, indicating an educational effect rather than simple task repetition. Regression analyses further revealed that both baseline performance and prior negotiation education predicted post-intervention outcomes, underscoring the value of structured training in enhancing simulator benefits
Examining the Relationship Between Grading Leniency and Reliability During the COVID Shock
No full textThis study examines faculty grading styles and student effort during the implementation of student-friendly grading policies amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Building on Millet’s (2018) methodology to quantify grading reliability and leniency, we use institutional data that distinguish between instructor-assigned grades and final posted grades affected by pandemic-era policies. Our analysis reveals that many instructors adopted stricter grading practices during this period. In contrast, there is no evidence that students adjusted their classroom effort strategically in response to the more flexible grading options. These findings suggest that grading behavior shifted, while student engagement remained relatively stable
The Role of Accounting in Society in India Prior to British Colonization
No full textThis paper focuses on the role of accounting in society in the Indian subcontinent prior to British colonization. While historically the Indian sub-continent was often divided into local kingdoms and dynasties, domination by foreign entities was realtively rare. There were three significant periods during which the Indian subcontinent was controlled by foreign entities, namely: the Delhi Sultanate (1200-1525), the Mughal Empire (1525-1720), and British colonization (1720-1947). This paper examines the social roles of accounting before British colonization, beginning with the Mauryan Empire (c. 324 BCE-c. 200 CE), a period in which Buddhism emerged, and then the Gupta Empire, the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire. In each of these empires, accounting played a significant role in society
Reaching the Next Generation of Accountants: Career Aspiration Recruiting
No full textFirms today struggle to recruit and attract talent. One recruitment approach is showing students advertisements to attract them to a profession. We investigated high school and college business student responses to a pair of professional recruiting messages. Professionals from smaller urban and rural markets of the upper Midwest described accounting features they found attractive. Their report generated almost twenty themes. High school students enrolled in business courses in their junior and senior years, along with first- and second-year college students, ranked those themes from most to least desirable. We constructed one recruiting message using the most desirable themes and another using the least desirable. These messages were tested with another group of high school and college students to assess their persuasiveness. The results showed that college students found the messages more persuasive than high school students and that females were slightly more receptive than males. Consequently, college students should be targeted to persuade candidates to pursue careers in accounting
Impact of Debt Servicing and Remittances on Education in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textThe study explores the impact of debt servicing and remittances on current education expenditure in Sub-Saharan Africa. The research employed a descriptive cross-sectional survey method. A quantitative analysis was conducted using a ten-year panel dataset spanning from 2012 to 2021. Data were sourced from reputable secondary databases, including the World Bank, the United Nations Development Program, the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, and the Human Development Reports. The analysis was performed using STATA version 14. Key findings suggest that the external debt stock does not have a statistically significant impact on education expenditure across Sub-Saharan African nations. Specifically, the total debt stock has a significant impact on educational funding in the African region. Conversely, remittances have a statistically significant positive impact on education spending. Given these insights, governments and policymakers in Sub-Saharan Africa must explore strategies that leverage remittance inflows to enhance educational resources. Furthermore, governments in sub-Saharan African countries are encouraged to implement robust systems to track the allocation and utilisation of funds designated for education
Navigating Human Resources Issues in Healthcare: The Intersection of Humans and Robots
No full textRobot integration in healthcare, driven by cost-effectiveness, productivity, and capability enhancement, is increasingly crucial. Various robots have been developed to aid professionals and improve patient care. Factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, an aging population, and technological advancements necessitate this progress. As staff will interact with robots daily, the balance between soft and hard management raises questions about potential human resource challenges. We interviewed health experts, researchers, and technology experts on this topic to investigate these challenges. We also consulted literature reviews. The results highlighted the importance of staff participation in the robotic integration process in healthcare. This can be achieved by clearly defining staff roles, ensuring training programs, working on team dynamics, and individual motivation. Human resources should consider organizational challenges, such as infrastructure, continuous communication, and the redefinition of roles, to achieve organizational benefits and ensure the sustainable integration of robotics. Finally, privacy doesn’t seem to be as much of a challenge as the ethics surrounding human-robot interaction in healthcare, where further studies are needed
Reducing Prejudice Through Self-Affirmation: Exploring the Mediating Role of Intergroup Anxiety
No full textSelf-affirmation reduces self-threats in many domains. Our studies examined whether self-affirmation reduced outgroup prejudice toward stigmatized groups (i.e., Muslims, Atheists, African Americans) and whether intergroup anxiety would mediate this relationship. At times, self-affirmation led to lower prejudice. Covariates (i.e., political ideology, religion, motivation to control prejudice, gender) were examined in our analyses. Intergroup anxiety was an inconsistent mediator. Our results were partially replicated using a neutral control. The results of the current studies suggest that self-affirmation can indeed improve attitudes toward religious and racial outgroup members. Our work extends prior self-affirmation and prejudice reduction literature by exploring mediating influences of intergroup anxiety and using a neutral control condition