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Reconstructing Europe After WWII: Logistical Dimensions of the Marshall Plan (April 1948‒December 1951)
No full textThe Marshall Plan, launched after WWII, was a North American economic aid program that had a major impact on contemporary history. It revitalized Europe’s infrastructure and industries and encouraged cooperation between nations, laying the foundations for the future European Union. The aim was not only to support economic recovery but also to stem the spread of communism against the backdrop of the Cold War by politically and economically stabilizing the countries of Western Europe. One often-overlooked aspect of the Marshall Plan’s success lies in its logistical dimensions. Faced with destroyed transport infrastructure and damaged ports, the United States introduced modern supply chain management methods into Western Europe to efficiently coordinate the delivery of goods, particularly foodstuffs. While the legacy of the Marshall Plan influences current approaches to operations management, it remains little discussed about its geopolitical dimensions. This paper suggests that studying the logistics dimensions of the Marshall Plan could enrich our understanding of supply chain dynamics
Engagement and Satisfaction in OS Software Development: The Impact of Job Characteristics
No full textOpen source (OS) developers are contributing value to organizations and society as most contemporary organizations–including those that resisted their new way of developing software–now rely on the contributions of OS developers. This study examines the influence of job characteristics as drivers of engagement and satisfaction of developers in the OS environment. Using the job characteristics model (JCM) as the theoretical lens, we develop and assess a research model that examines engagement as a mediator in the relationship between job characteristics and satisfaction of OS developers. Findings indicate that several, but not all, job characteristics significantly influence the engagement of IS professionals working in Open-source software development (OSSD). The research contributes to the OS literature and extends our understanding of job characteristics, in the OSSD context. The study also provides new insight to organizations and individuals that are currently investing in OSSD or planning to do so soon
Innovations and Innovations of the Future in Selected Companies
No full textThe key factor enabling the development of modern enterprises is innovation resulting mainly from new technologies. Scientific literature has distinguished various types of innovation, such as product, process, marketing and organizational, and at the same time, their sources: endogenous or exogenous, including domestic or foreign. Current innovations must be accompanied by actions aimed at defining innovations of the future, which cover a wide range of disciplines, such as information and communication technologies, renewable energy, medicine, education or transport. Own research conducted in the construction sector indicates the predominance of organizational innovations and planned innovations of the future related mainly to renewable energy, information and communication technologies and logistics. Further research on innovations of the future is necessary for a better understanding of innovation processes and their potential impact on social and economic changes. Consistent development of innovation strategies will be particularly important, including analysis of the impact of various factors on the level of innovation, which should contribute to building sustainable and more efficient economies
Two Types of Educational Apps for In-Person and Remote Learning: Student Perceptions and Learning Outcome
No full textThis study examines students’ feedback on using different educational apps and the relationship between their perceptions and learning outcomes. Two educational apps, each typical of a distinct category (gamification apps and standard apps), were used for in-class exercises in both in-person and online accounting courses. Student feedback was collected at the end of the semester. The results indicate that students have varying preferences for educational apps, with each app featuring characteristics that cater to students’ needs. However, these preferences are not associated with learning outcomes. Additional analysis reveals that students who more strongly agree that using the gamification app for in-class exercises helps them review course materials demonstrate better course performance. This study provides insights for instructors to effectively implement different educational apps to enhance student engagement in both in-person and remote courses, thereby improving teaching practices in higher education
Digital Education Index for Developing Countries Framework: Evaluation of the Deployment of Digital Education in Kenya
No full textThe Digital Education Index for Developing Countries (DEIFDC) is a compound index considering nine different variables grouped in three main levers that have been researched relevant to assess the overall state of readiness of Digital Education deployment in a developing country. In the case of Kenya, despite major efforts on introducing Digital Education in public schools since the launch of the DigiSchool program in 2016, the application of the DEIFDC, with a value of 0.576, demonstrates insufficient deployment in all main levers largely due to poor broadband infrastructure, lack of trained teachers and poor literacy and numeracy performance of Kenyan students at early stages of education. Kenya has become an ICT hub for all the African region, with inspiring results in the usage of digitalised services. The experience acquired has also favoured the Education sector that has launched mobile applications and education platforms, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic; however significant social, geographic, and cultural differences arise in the study and bring down the overall performance of Digital Education deployment
The Impact of AI Risk Scores on Business Managers’ Ethical Decision-Making
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) presents significant benefits to the organizations and to the individuals, environments, and stakeholders they impact. However, AI systems can also pose a risk of harm. Development of an AI risk score representing the potential risk of the system may assist business managers with the ethical decision on whether to deploy an AI system. While the quantification of risks associated with AI has received attention from researchers, limited research exists analyzing summarized AI risk scores and their impact on decision-making in practice. Expanding on integrated and behavioral theories of ethical decision-making, this quantitative experimental study found that the presence of an AI risk score can reduce the likelihood of an unethical decision, and thus may positively influence business managers faced with an ethical decision. The study also explored the potential influence of the AI system’s use case when an AI risk score is present; however, no significant influence was identified in the scenarios tested. This study has implications for practice for organizations developing, deploying, and using AI systems
Teaching Operations Management Using Empathetic Discourse, Lessons Learned From Soft Systems Methodology
No full textThis study is an experiential pedagogical account of transferring the use of empathetic discourse and Soft Systems Methodology (SSM to Operations Management (OM) and Supply Chain Management (SCM) teaching and learning. Lessons learnt from an Effective Management Consultancy module at a UK University, have been used to inform the teaching of a Business Operations Excellence module. Empathy has been used to understand some of the tools and methods used in this module. Recommendations are developed from this approach to supplement OM and SCM teaching through various methods such as stakeholder analysis, case study analysis, and empathic discourse. Empathy in SSM and OM can help with understanding complex ambiguous human centric problems
Sculpting Skies: The Ever-Shifting Dreamscape of Turkish Air Travel
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered global air travel, reshaping passenger expectations and perceptions of service quality. This study examines changes in tourists’ evaluations of Turkish-registered airlines based on 4,652 online reviews from five major carriers. Using Leximancer for semantic content analysis, the study identifies key thematic shifts before and after the pandemic. Results show a move from traditional service elements—like punctuality, catering, and staff behavior—to pandemic-related concerns such as hygiene, testing, and refund policies. The study also explores shifts in value-for-money perceptions, offering data-driven insights for airline managers in the post-pandemic travel environment
Implication of Legal and Institutional Arrangement for Disaster Management and Emergency Response in Tanzania
No full textThis study aims at supporting the recent improvement made by the government in reforming the disaster management and emergency response institutional and legal frameworks with the objective of ensuring that institutions that are involved in dealing with disasters and emergencies, both public and private, are aware of their roles and responsibilities in those events. The study used institutional, complexity, and network theories to elaborate on how institutional arrangement and interactions can enhance disaster management and emergency response goals. By adopting an in-depth research design, the study integrated both qualitative and quantitative methodologies to comprehensively address the research objectives and questions. Primary data were collected through questionnaires, focus group discussions, and structured interviews, while secondary data were collected from critical analysis of various documents, records, and expert consultations. The study found that while there is some acknowledgment of the influence of institutional frameworks, the overall perception is that their impact might be limited or not as substantial as desired due to factors like ineffective implementation, lack of integration among frameworks, or insufficient support for collaborative initiatives. Addressing the issues that contribute to this variability could improve the role of institutional frameworks in promoting collaboration and enhance the overall effectiveness of disaster management strategies. To improve disaster management and emergency response effectiveness, it is critical to strengthen institutional frameworks by increasing their influence on collaborative strategies, improving coordination among agencies, clarifying roles in policy development, and ensuring that they effectively support collaborative efforts. Also, the use of ICT was found to be significant in integrating policies and strategies among the responding institutions and for timely and accurate responses. The study recommended that integrated disaster risk management can enhance emergency response operations and strengthen the institutional collaboration among responders and responsible institutions for disaster management
The Impact of Organizational Culture on the Migration of Managers From Public to Private
No full textThe purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore how present and former public corporations managers describe organizational culture's influence on their intent to remain or leave public corporations in Nigeria as well as job satisfaction and current organizational culture. The researcher further explained the role of organizational cultural dimensions concerning retention rates, as perceived by former and current managers. Handy’s model of organizational culture was selected as the optimal theoretical foundation for this research. The primary research questions for the present study is: how do present and former managers of public corporations describe the organizational culture influence on intent to remain for public organization employees in Nigeria? The researcher used a qualitative descriptive study as it would aid in answering salient questions via semi structured interviews and focus group discussions to discover how present and former managers of public corporations describe the organizational culture influence on intent to remain for public organization employees in Nigeria. The sample included a total of 25, 10 for the interviews and 15 focus group participants. Thematic analysis was used to assess the transcripts, and four primary themes emerged: impact of culture, qualities of culture, employee qualities, and organizational values. Theoretical implications include that organizational culture in this context has an expanded influence on manager retention, and practical implications reveal the importance of establishing a solid organizational culture