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Geospatial Analysis of Hydrologic Nitrogen in Ohio Using Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI) and Terrain Position Index (TPI)
Get PDFHydrologic nitrogen in ecosystems can significantly impact water quality. Excessive nitrogen, often originating from agricultural runoff, wastewater discharge, and industrial activities, can lead to eutrophication – the over-enrichment of water bodies with nutrients, resulting in excessive algal growth and depleted oxygen levels. This study aims to use geospatial analytics to identify areas in Ohio that are more susceptible to high nitrogen levels due to their topographic characteristics.
Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI) and Terrain Position Index (TPI) are two key metrics derived from Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) that can help characterize the landscape. TRI measures the variability in elevation of adjacent parts of a DEM, while TPI compares a data point in a DEM to its neighbors. By analyzing terrain ruggedness and position, we can statistically identify locations that are more likely to have higher nitrogen levels.
Nitrogen tends to flow towards areas with lower elevation relative to their neighbors. By using geospatial techniques to identify points on the DEM with lower TPI and TRI values, we can locate areas that could have higher nitrogen runoff compared to others. If left unchecked, hydrologic nitrogen can cause disastrous consequences for ecosystems, as evidenced by the algal blooms in Lake Erie caused by nitrogen runoff from fertilizers.
In this study, we propose to use geospatial analytics to estimate areas in Ohio that are more likely to have higher nitrogen levels based on their topographic characteristics. We will visualize our findings using a Shiny App to effectively communicate the spatial distribution of potential high-nitrogen areas
Fucose-Dependent Differentiation and Gene Expression of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells Through Notch Signaling Pathways
Get PDFThe Notch pathway is an extensively utilized, evolutionarily maintained regulatory system which mediates a wide range of fate decisions among multipotent precursor cells by inhibiting differentiation along one pathway while promoting self-renewal or differentiation along an alternative pathway. Notch signaling has been shown to affect haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and differentiation, T cell versus B cell fate specification, and myeloid cell differentiation. The diverse functions of Notch in vertebrates are facilitated by complex in-teractions between four Notch receptors and five Notch ligands, all of which are expressed by hematopoietic cells and stromal cells. More-over, Notch signaling is modulated by genes such as fringe as well as two unusual types of O-linked glycosylation; the addition of O-linked glucose (O-glucose) and O-linked fucose (O-fucose). Our goal is to determine whether in vitro myeloid differentiation is regulated by Notch activation, and whether this is a fucose-dependent process. Specifically, we focused our research on common myeloid progenitor (CMP) cell differentiation and the dynamic change of Notch-targeted genes during Notch regulated myeloid differentiation that is modified by fucosylation
A Genome Wide Search for Proteins that Control the Balance Between Proliferation and Differentiation in the Drsophila Ovary, an in vivo model System
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