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Social Temperment as a Variable in the Second-Language Acquisition of Russian Vocabulary
No full textAn Analysis of Vaccine Hesitancy in the United States: Contributing Factors and Healthcare Response
Get PDFMHONGOOSE: A MeerKAT nearby galaxy H i survey
Get PDFThe MHONGOOSE (MeerKAT H i Observations of Nearby Galactic Objects: Observing Southern Emitters) survey maps the distribution and kinematics of the neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) gas in and around 30 nearby star-forming spiral and dwarf galaxies to extremely low H i column densities. The H i column density sensitivity (3Ο over 16 km sβ1) ranges from βΌ5 Γ 1017 cmβ2 at 9000 resolution to βΌ4 Γ 1019 cmβ2 at the highest resolution of 700. The H i mass sensitivity (3Ο over 50 km sβ1) is βΌ5.5Γ105 M at a distance of 10 Mpc (the median distance of the sample galaxies). The velocity resolution of the data is 1.4 km sβ1. One of the main science goals of the survey is the detection of cold accreting gas in the outskirts of the sample galaxies. The sample was selected to cover a range in H i masses from 107 M to almost 1011 M in order to optimally sample possible accretion scenarios and environments. The distance to the sample galaxies ranges from 3 to 23 Mpc. In this paper, we present the sample selection, survey design, and observation and reduction procedures. We compared the integrated H i fluxes based on the MeerKAT data with those derived from single-dish measurement and find good agreement, indicating that our MeerKAT observations are recovering all flux. We present H i moment maps of the entire sample based on the first ten percent of the survey data, and find that a comparison of the zeroth- and second-moment values shows a clear separation in the physical properties of the H i between areas with star formation and areas without related to the formation of a cold neutral medium. Finally, we give an overview of the H i-detected companion and satellite galaxies in the 30 fields, five of which have not previously been cataloged. We find a clear relation between the number of companion galaxies and the mass of the main target galaxy
Carbon Isotope Budget Indicates Biological Disequilibrium Dominated Ocean Carbon Storage at the Last Glacial Maximum
Get PDFUnderstanding the causes of the ~90 ppmv atmospheric CO2 swings between glacial and interglacial climates is an important open challenge in paleoclimate research. Although the regularity of the glacial-interglacial cycles hints at a single driving mechanism, Earth System models require many independent physical and biological processes to explain the full observed CO2 signal. Here we show that biologically sequestered carbon in the ocean can explain an atmospheric CO2 change of 75 Β± 40 ppmv, based on a mass balance calculation using published carbon isotopic measurements. An analysis of the carbon isotopic signatures of different water masses indicates similar regenerated carbon inventories at the Last Glacial Maximum and during the Holocene, requiring that the change in carbon storage was dominated by disequilibrium. We attribute the inferred change in carbon disequilibrium to expansion of seaice or change in the overturning circulation
Analysis of Electron Backscatter Diffraction Data: Effects of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process Parameters on Kovar Microstructure
Get PDFThis research work investigates the relationship between Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) process parameters and resulting microstructural properties in over 600 Kovar (Fe-29Ni-17Co) alloy specimens, fabricated using 304 unique sets of L-PBF process parameters. While Kovar is widely utilized in various industries for its unique material properties, the intricacies of how L-PBF processing conditions influence its final microstructural characteristics remain largely unexplored, presenting a critical gap in the additive manufacturing knowledge base. We have explored the effects of hatch spacing, exposure time, laser power, and scan speed on resulting grain characteristics. Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) analysis data of these samples was employed to quantitatively determine the microstructural properties, including grain size, crystallographic orientation, and morphology. To overcome the challenge of unindexed EBSD data points, techniques that selectively apply grain reconstruction based on unindexed point cluster size were used, enabling more comprehensive and accurate microstructural property statistics. The study aimed to develop a predictive model for microstructural properties based on L-PBF parameter settings. The findings provide valuable insights into the precise manipulation of process parameters to achieve desired microstructural properties in additively manufactured Kovar parts, advancing the field of metal additive manufacturing
Electric Field-Induced Clustering in Nanocomposite Films of Highly Polarizable Inclusions
Get PDFA nanocomposite film containing highly polarizable inclusions in a fluid background is explored when an external electric field is applied perpendicular to the planar film. For small electric fields, the induced dipole moments of the inclusions are all polarized in field direction, resulting in a mutual repulsion between the inclusions. Here we show that this becomes qualitatively different for high fields: the total system self-organizes into a state which contains both polarizations, parallel and antiparallel to the external field such that a fraction of the inclusions is counter-polarized to the electric field direction. We attribute this unexpected counter-polarization to the presence of neighboring dipoles which are highly polarized and locally revert the direction of the total electric field. Since dipoles with opposite moments are attractive, the system shows a wealth of novel equilibrium structures for varied inclusion density and electric field strength. These include fluids and solids with homogeneous polarizations as well as equilibrium clusters and demixed states with two different polarization signatures. Based on computer simulations of an linearized polarization model, our results can guide the control of nanocomposites for various applications, including sensing external fields, directing light within plasmonic materials, and controlling the functionality of biological membranes
Visualizing Library Impact: Creating Accessible Dashboards of Organization-Wide Data
Get PDFWe created dashboards for the core functions of our library, including physical collections and spaces, user services, digital resources, and outreach and engagement. Our dashboards provide insight into how the library is being used and by whom, as well as into our overall value to and impact on the university. Furthermore, our dashboards promote a culture of data-driven decision making, so that stakeholders can use them to make choices that better serve users.
We created these dashboards with Tableau and used a wide variety of sources, such as data from the overhead counter, room reservations, Google Analytics, circulation, transactions, and e-resources usage. Additionally, to ensure that our dashboards are accessible to all users in our campus community, we applied best practices in accessibility, considering color contrast, text readability, and the styling of interactive elements
Using Latent variables to Improve the Management of Depression Among Hemodialysis Patients
No full textBackground: Screening for depression can be challenging among hemodialysis patients due to the overlap of depressive symptoms with dialysis or kidney disease related symptoms. The aim of this study was to understand these overlapping symptoms and develop a depression screening tool for better clinical assessment of depressive symptoms in dialysis patients. Methods: We surveyed 1,085 dialysis patients between March 1, 2018 and February 28, 2023 at 15 dialysis facilities in Northeast Ohio with the 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and kidney disease quality of life (KDQOL) instrument. To evaluate overlap across questionnaire items, we used structural equation modeling (SEM). We predicted and transformed factor scores to create a hemodialysis-adjusted PHQ-9 (hdPHQ-9). In exploratory analysis (N = 173), we evaluated the performance of the hdPHQ-9 relative to the PHQ-9 that also received a Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results: Our study sample included a high percentage of Black patients (74.6%) and 157 (14.5%) survey participants screened positive for depression (PHQ-9 β₯ 10). The magnitude of overlap was small for (respectively, PHQ-9 item with KDQOLTM item) fatigue with washed out, guilt with burden on family, appetite with nausea and movement with lightheaded. The hdPHQ-9 showed reasonably high sensitivity (0.81 with 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58, 0.95) and specificity (0.84 with 95% CI 0.77, 0.89); however, this was not a significant improvement from the PHQ-9. Conclusion: There is little overlap between depressive symptoms and dialysis or kidney disease symptoms. The PHQ-9 was found to be an appropriate depression screening instrument for dialysis patients
Earlier Use of Long-Acting Injectable Paliperidone Palmitate Once-Monthly versus Oral Antipsychotics in Patients with Schizophrenia: An Integrated Patient-Level Meta Analysis of the PROSIPAL and PRIDE Studies
No full textPurpose: A previous integrated patient-level analysis demonstrated a significant benefit of implementing once-monthly injectable paliperidone palmitate (PP1M) earlier in the treatment course for schizophrenia. Earlier therapeutic interventions during the first 3β5 years after disease onset can positively impact long-term outcomes in schizophrenia. This present analysis evaluated the risk of relapse both overall and by different durations of illness (0β3 years, \u3e3β5 years, and \u3e5 years from diagnosis) in adult patients with schizophrenia who received PP1M or oral antipsychotics (OAPs). Patients and Methods: This analysis included integrated patient-level data from the Paliperidone Palmitate Research in Demonstrating Effectiveness (PRIDE) and Prevention of Relapse with Oral Antipsychotics versus Injectable Paliperidone Palmitate (PROSIPAL) studies. Both studies assessed relapse as the primary outcome in patients treated either PP1M or OAPs. Results: Overall, the risk of relapse was reduced by 31% with PP1M compared to OAP (HR 0.69; 95% CI [0.56β0.86], P \u3c 0.001). Fewer relapses were observed with PP1M versus OAP in the 0β3-year subgroup (15.8% and 21.7%, respectively), \u3e3β5-year subgroup (19.6% and 29.9%, respectively), and \u3e5-year subgroup (41.7% and 51.6%, respectively). These results represent a reduction in risk of relapse by 33% for patients receiving PP1M versus OAP in the 0β3-year subgroup (HR 0.67; 95% CI [0.44β1.00], P = 0.050), 43% in the \u3e3β5-year subgroup (HR 0.57; 95% CI [0.35β0.93], P = 0.025), and 26% in the \u3e5-year subgroup (HR 0.74; 95% CI [0.55β1.00], P = 0.049). Treatment-emergent adverse event rates were similar between treatment groups. Conclusion: This analysis indicates that PP1M provides significant benefits in reducing relapse rates compared to OAPs, regardless of the duration of illness. These findings emphasize the importance of initiating PP1M treatment early in the course of schizophrenia to achieve better long-term outcomes
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