International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies
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Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Autoimmune Diseases: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Strategies
Full text link The gut microbiome plays an important role in the development and progression of autoimmune diseases(AIDS) like rheumatoid arthritis(RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type 1 diabetes (T1D), multiple sclerosis (MS), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This narrative review synthesizes the current evidence on how gut dysbiosis contributes to autoimmunity through different mechanisms. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiome, which include probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT), dietary interventions, and pharmacological modulators, show a promise in restoring microbial balance. while dysbiosis is told as both a cause and consequence of autoimmunity, its exact role still remains complex. Advances in research could shift AID from management of symptoms to prevention and maybe even cure, revolutionizing autoimmune medicin
Application Of New Technologies In Studying The National Craftsmanship Of The Black People
Full text linkThis article provides information about the types of Karakalpak folk crafts, their distinctive features, main elements and technology used in decorating products. Moreover, effective techniques are taught in teaching national handicrafts to young people
The Effect of Various Ca2+ Elicitor Concentrations on Catechin Content in Gambir (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.) Callus In Vitro
Full text linkGambier (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.) is a plant that contains natural antioxidants produced from the extraction of leaves and twigs. Gambier extract primarily contains catechins, which are secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoid group. The low content of catechin produced from traditional gambier cultivation has led to a decline in the economic value of gambier plants. Additionally, the long metabolic process of gambier in producing catechin results in low levels of catechin compounds in young plants. One effort to increase the content of catechin in young gambier plants is through elicitation of gambier callus. This study aimed to determine the optimal concentration of Ca2+ elicitor in increasing the catechin content of gambier callus. This research was conducted from March to July 2024 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Universitas Andalas, and Vahana Scientific Laboratory, Padang. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with Ca2+ elicitor treatments (0, 44, 88, and 176 g/L). Quantitative data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% significance level. The results showed that the application of Ca2+ elicitor was not sufficient to induce catechin compounds in gambier callus, and there were several unidentified metabolites in the callus that did not match the catechin standards used. However, the 88 g/L treatment yielded a higher amount of metabolites compared to other treatments, as shown by the total peak area obtained from HPLC analysis, which is suspected to be catechin derivatives
From Resistance to Remission: Disrupting Cancer Stem Cells for Better Therapies
Full text linkCancer continues to be one of the biggest health challenges we face globally, with traditional treatments often falling short because of tumor recurrence and resistance to therapy. Recent studies have shed light on the vital role that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play in tumor growth, metastasis, and treatment resistance. This review takes a closer look at the molecular mechanisms that fuel cancer stem cell (CSC) function, shining a light on key signaling pathways such as Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog. It also explores innovative therapeutic strategies, including targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and stem cell-based methods, all designed to eliminate CSCs while leaving healthy tissues unharmed. Both preclinical and clinical studies show that therapies targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) can enhance treatment effectiveness and lead to better patient outcomes. However, there are still significant hurdles to overcome, such as the diversity of tumors and the challenge of identifying specific CSC markers. Moving forward, research should concentrate on refining these therapeutic approaches to improve the accuracy and longevity of CSC-targeted treatments. This review offers important insights into how these therapies could revolutionize cancer treatment and boost patient survival rates
Analyse En Macronutriments Des Larves De Muscidae Et De Calliphoridae Produites A Kinshasa RD Congo
Full text linkWith the aim of contributing to the improvement of animal production and limiting competition between man and animal, protein-rich basic ingredients were valorized.To this end, larvae from two fly families (Muscidae and Calliphoridae) were analyzed, with a view to comparing their macronutrients with those of conventional feed.The main results obtained were as follows: The protein content of the larvae obtained was 41.1% for the Muscidae, 48.4% for the Calliphoridae and 16% for the conventional feed. Lipid levels were 10.5% for Muscidae larvae, 8.5% for Calliphoridae and 17.5% for the conventional feed. Based on the results of the analyses, the larvae of these two families had carbohydrate contents of 27.7% for the former and 37.7% for the latter, while the conventional feed had the highest content at 77.05%. The ash content of these larvae ranged from 23.1% for the Muscidae to 19.8% for the Calliphoridae, while the conventional feed recorded only 6.77%. Lipids showed no significant difference between treatments (P-value = 0.08). Carbohydrates were significantly different between treatments (P-value = 0.00)
Etude Comparative De L’Efficacité Interne Des Ecoles Secondaires En République Démocratique Du Congo
Full text linkL’étude a évalué l’efficacité interne des écoles secondaires de la République Démocratique du Congo. La méthode de recherche documentaire a permis de collecter les données secondaires sur les inscrits, les promus, les redoublants et les abandons des différentes écoles ciblées par régime de gestion des années scolaires 2018-2019 à 2022-2023. Les résultats ont montré que les coefficients d’efficacité calculés sont respectivement de 75,7% pour le réseau catholique ; 63,3 % pour le réseau protestant ; 57,9 % pour le réseau officiel ; 74,1% pour le réseau privé. Les réseaux catholique et privé sont plus efficaces que les autres réseaux. Du point de vue, rendement, les résultats ont montré que le réseau catholique et le réseau privé se montrent plus efficaces que les autres réseaux. Les résultats du rapport input-output étant supérieurs à la norme montre l’inefficacité deux écoles. Les résultats ont, en outre, relevé que sur les trois sections retenues dans notre étude, la section scientifique est la plus efficace car les résultats de coefficient d’efficacité donne 71,1%, rendement par cycle est de 71,6% tandis que le rapport input-output est de 1,5. Ensuite, la section pédagogique a eu une moyenne de 67,7% au coefficient d’efficacité, 69,6% de taux de rendement par cycle et le rapport input-output est de 1,3. Enfin la section littéraire vient en dernière position avec 64,5% de coefficient d’efficacité, un taux de rendement de 63,9% et le rapport input-output de 1,5. La moyenne de rendement est de 67,8% et le coefficient de variation calculé de cet indicateur est de 0,1, et cela montre qu’il y a des disparités non significatives entre les réseaux d’enseignements
Fear And Anxiety In Oral Care Among Dentists
Full text linkIntroduction: Dental anxiety and fear represent a significant challenge in oral care, directly affecting the frequency of dental visits and the overall quality of oral health. This globally prevalent phenomenon manifests in various forms – from mild discomfort to severe phobia – often leading to avoidance of necessary dental treatments. However, early identification of contributing factors and the implementation of appropriate interventions can significantly aid in managing this fear.Aim of the study: To assess the level and main sources of patients’ fear toward dental treatments and to provide practical recommendations for reducing this fear based on collected data.Methodology: This study was conducted systematically at the “Kristal Dent” Specialist Dental Clinic in the city of Ferizaj during the period April–June 2024. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was applied, using the internationally validated and standardized instrument — the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF-4C+), developed by Armfield (2010), which covers the emotional, physiological, cognitive, and behavioral components of dental fear. Participants (n = 95) were selected using non-probabilistic purposeful sampling, including adult patients who had undergone at least one dental procedure in the last six months. Data were collected through self-reporting under researcher supervision to ensure accuracy and avoid misinterpretation. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. Descriptive methods (percentages, mean) and inferential tests (t-test for gender groups and ANOVA for age groups) were used, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.Results: Data analysis showed that 44.81% of respondents reported no fear of dental treatment, 25.43% reported mild fear, 16.32% moderate fear, 9.66% high fear, and 3.77% suffered from extreme fear. Female participants reported higher levels of fear compared to male participants, with an average difference of 22%. Statistical analysis did not show significant differences in fear levels based on age groups.Conclusions: Building a trust-based relationship between the dentist and the patient is essential for reducing dental fear. Clear communication, a relaxing clinic environment, and involvement of staff trained in managing patient anxiety are key factors in enhancing the treatment experience. The implementation of these approaches may lead to greater patient engagement in their oral care and improvement in overall dental health
Analyse Multivariée Par EOF Des Facteurs Climatiques Influençant La Sécheresse : Précipitations, SST, OLR Et Température Au Sud-Ouest De Madagascar
Full text linkThe EOF analysis of climate data (1979–2018) in the southwestern part of Madagascar reveals three major scales of climate variability (seasonal, interannual, and multi-decadal) influencing droughts. The spatial modes exhibit characteristic structures, including a generalized ocean cooling (EOF1-SST), a convection contrast between coastal and inland areas (EOF2-OLR), and a spatial opposition of rainfall regimes. The temporal components highlight distinct climate cycles at 1 year (seasonal), 4–8 years (interannual variability), and approximately 20 years (multi-decadal scale). Strong correlations between oceanic (SST) and atmospheric (temperature, precipitation) parameters emphasize the importance of ocean-atmosphere interactions in drought dynamics, paving the way for the development of climate monitoring tools
Cytomegalovirus in Blood Donors: IgG Detection by ELISA in Analamanga Transfusion Center, Antananarivo
Full text linkIntroduction: Blood transfusion is one of the routes of transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, which puts immunocompromised subjects at risk. To ensure the blood transfusion safety, this study aims to determine the CMV seroprevalence in blood donors seen at the CRTS Analamanga.Method: A 3-month prospective descriptive and analytical study was conducted from June to August 2021. Medically selected, consenting candidates were included. Anti-CMV IgG antibodies were screened by ELISA using the Fortress Diagnostics® CMV IgG kit. IgG avidity detection was not performed. HIV, hepatitis B and C and syphilis infections were assessed in parallel. Results: A further 2,131 donors were included in the present study. Mean age was 33.7 years, with M/F sex ratio of 2.7. Family-replacement donors were in the predominant proportion (85.4%). CMV infection prevalence was 92.4%, mainly in the 20-29 (92.7%) and 30-39 (93.9%) age groups, with statistical significance correlating with age (p=0.17). CMV and hepatitis B virus coinfections were detected in 73 donors (3.7%). Conclusion: IgG anti-CMV antibodies remain high in Malagasy blood donors. These findings suggest the need to introduce its systematic screening or leukoreduction procedures for blood products in Malagasy transfusion centers
Postfeminism in ‘Flowers’ A Song from Miley Cyrus
Full text linkThis research examined the manifestation of postfeminism aspects in Miley Cyrus song ‘Flowers’. Utilizing a qualitative method, this research analyzed song’s lyrics as the primary source of the data. In addition, Roland Barthes’ semiotics theory employed to provide a framework for interpreting the symbolic meanings embedded within the data. The result demonstrated the presence of 7 myths. From the 7 myths found, 2 aspects of postfeminism appeared namely individualism and femininity. Individualism aspect is the most ubiquitous one. The individualism depicted in Miley Cyrus’ song entitled ‘Flowers’ emphasizes the importance of women recognizing and asserting their rightful place in society. Since women are equal to men in value, they have the autonomy to make decisions aligned with their preferences, exercise their own judgment and stay committed to their personal beliefs