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MRI as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Differentiating Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma from Glioblastoma
No full textDISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF HEALTH SCIENCES, THE COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT. APRIL 2025.This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a diagnostic biomarker for distinguishing primary central nervous system lymphoma from glioblastoma. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of MRI as a marker to differentiate primary central nervous system lymphoma from glioblastoma. The overlapping clinical and radiological features of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and glioblastoma (GBM) present a challenge for clinicians in distinguishing between the two conditions. In environments lacking a trained neurophysician or neurosurgeon, the diagnostic challenge is heightened, as both conditions are typically perceived as enhancing lesions on a conventional MRI. This diagnostic ambiguity delays appropriate treatment and highlights the necessity for more advanced modalities and approaches. Experts can identify subtle differences, such as PCNSL typically showing homogeneous enhancement with MRI and glioblastomas presenting a heterogeneous pattern with central necrosis. However, these distinctions are not absolute and are influenced by various factors, including lesion location, size, and disease stage. The literature search will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search will be conducted in online literature databases, such as PubMed and Google Scholar, for current full-text articles published in English. The selection of studies will adhere to the PICO research question framework. A systematic search strategy will be formulated utilizing relevant keywords: “MRI” OR “Glioblastoma” OR “primary central nervous system lymphoma” OR “PCNSL,” which will be integrated through Boolean operators. The studies indicate that advanced MRI techniques, specifically diffusion-weighted imagery (DWI) and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC), are effective in distinguishing PCNSL from GBM. Among the most commonly utilized radiographic modalities, DSC, DWI, arterial spin labeling (ASL), and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI were predominantly relied upon for diagnosing PCNSL and GBM. Additionally, relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and perfusion fraction are significant metrics commonly employed to assess their diagnostic efficacy. Current management strategies should employ more advanced MRI techniques in combination to differentiate between PCNSL and GBM. The benefits outweigh the costs, effort, and time required to conduct these radiographic investigations, and until more technologically advanced modalities are developed, this collective approach should become the standard
Development and Psychometric Validation of an Instrument to Measure Social-Emotional Learning and Competency for Preservice Teacher Candidates
No full textUB Rise PostersThe purpose of this mixed methods exploratory study was to design and validate an instrument Satter's Preservice Educators Social Emotional Competencies Inventory (Satter's PSESEC-I). The 5-point Likert instrument allows preservice educators to self-assess and reflect on their abilities to use social emotional learning and competencies within their student teaching instructional practice. The Center for Reaching and Teaching the Whole Child (2022) Social, Emotional, and Cultural Anchor Competencies framework was utilized along with Lewin's action research theory. The researcher used Gehlbach & Brinkworth's(2011) six-step instrument design process for survey development and validation. The content validity index (CVI) for the instrument was determined to be 0.912, indicating high instrument validity.
After survey development was completed, a pilot study was conducted with a sample of n = 9 preservice educators. Reliability was not able to be established in this study. Using four different mode analysis: mode of the entire instrument, mode of each instrument item, mode by theme/indicator, and mode by CRTWC (2022) anchor competency, results from the pilot study showed that preservice educators do use SEL/SEC in their instructional practice at self-reported high levels. Mode analysis of participants' responses indicated difficulties utilizing one specific CRTWC (2022) competenc "responding constructively across differences."
As a result of the findings, recommendations for educational researchers and leaders were made to provide specific, authentic opportunities for preservice teachers experience with this competency during their preservice education programs and fieldwork
Artistic Creation as an Act of Identification: Examining Steve Reich’s Different Trains as a Window Into His Identity
No full textUB Rise 2025
College of Science and Society
Music DepartmentAutobiographical art and music have the capacity to provide an exceptionally deep point of access for human connection, encouraging reflection on personal experiences and how they are woven into a web of events that define identity. Steve Reich (b. 1936) has written two major works for string quartet and prerecorded electronics that engage with tragic subject matter. In the first, Different Trains (1988), Reich reflects on the cross-country train journeys he made between New York and Los Angeles from 1939 to 1942, as well as the “different trains” he might have taken had he grown up in Europe as a Jewish child. In WTC 9/11 (2010), Reich reflects on the tragic attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. This paper explores, through formal and rhetorical analysis, the ways in which Reich accesses the intimate space of autobiographical art that engages with tragedy and identity in Different Trains. Rhetorically, Different Trains occupies a space in which Reich—often regarded as a stoic “process” composer—reveals a deeply personal dimension of his artistic voice. By analyzing the ways in which Reich “gives an account of himself” musically, this study demonstrates the power of music to communicate profound, and sometimes subconscious, thoughts and emotions
Employee Attrition: Leveraging Machine Learning Explainability to Identify Key Predictors of Turnover
No full textUB Rise 2025
School of EngineeringThe IBM Employee Attrition dataset is a publicly available, real-world dataset from a global technology company, offering a holistic view of the working environment. The target variable in this dataset is Attrition, which has values ‘Yes’ (indicating the employee left) and ‘No’ (indicating the employee stayed). This dataset was prepared for machine learning and split into two parts: training (80%) and test (20%). High turnover rates incur significant financial costs, and employee attrition can disrupt organizational dynamics, lower morale, and negatively impact overall organizational performance. Traditional machine learning models such as decision trees and random forests can accurately predict employee attrition, but they often fail to provide transparency into the factors driving these predictions. Machine Learning Explainability addresses the limitations of traditional machine learning by augmenting decision-making and providing insights into how machine learning models make their predictions
Assessing Ghanaian Police Officers' Perceptions of Wrongful Conviction: A Research Proposal
No full textUB Rise 2025
College of Science and SocietyThis research proposal aims to investigate Ghanaian police officers' perceptions of wrongful conviction by examining their understanding of its causes, frequency, and impact on the criminal justice system. Despite growing international attention to wrongful convictions, limited research exists on this phenomenon within the Ghanaian context. The primary objective of this study is to develop a clearer understanding of how Ghanaian police officers perceive wrongful convictions. Specifically, the research will explore how officers conceptualize wrongful conviction, their estimates of its prevalence, the systemic factors they believe contribute to such errors, and their level of support for potential reforms. Drawing upon both wrongful conviction literature and studies of Ghana’s police system, this study addresses three key gaps in the existing literature: the limited research on wrongful convictions in African contexts, the lack of studies examining Ghanaian police perceptions of wrongful conviction, and the need to assess whether findings from Western contexts are applicable in Ghana
Managing Conflict & Community Building Through Restorative Practices
No full textUniversity of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT
Goodwin University, East Hartford, CT
UB Rise 2025Restorative Practices are interpersonal strategies for resolving and managing conflict prioritizing relationship-building, community support, and accountability for harm caused
Machine Learning Based Wildfire Detection Using Satellite Imagery and Drone Surveillance
No full textDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering
School of Engineering
UB Rise 2025Wildfires pose significant threat to human safety, property, and ecosystems globally. In this research, we aim to develop an advanced wildfire detection system utilizing a combination of satellite imagery and drone surveillance, integrated through AI (machine learning) algorithms. By combining high-resolution NASA satellite imagery and real-time inputs from drones equipped with various sensors (flame /smoke sensor, CO, sensor, temperature/humidity sensor, GPS, etc.), the project intends to accurately identify and track potential wildfire hotspots. Both software and hardware approaches are used for wildfire detection. The achieved results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system for wildfire detection. This hybrid approach enhances the spatial and temporal resolution of detection methods, providing effective platform for emergency responders and contributing to efforts in disaster management and environmental monitoring
Comparative Analysis of Special Education Policies and Practices in China and the United States
No full textUB Rise 2025
School of EducationAcross the globe, millions of children with disabilities face barriers to education. Not because of their abilities, but because of the systems meant to support them. By comparing special education policies in China and the United States, this research reveals how cultural values, policy frameworks, and resource allocation shape the inclusivity of education and what we can learn from each system to create a more equitable future
The Application of an Educational Review from Consumer Behavior Perspectives That Are Affecting Electric Vehicle Adoption Outcomes Using a Literature Review-ADO Framework
No full textUB Rise 2025
School of EngineeringElectric vehicles (EV) adoption reduces emissions and reliance on fossil fuels, aided by policies and technology, but EV adoption rate varies by region, and impact factors of consumer behaviors that effect EV adoption which have changed time over time. While existing research identifies factors like economic incentives and consumer behavior, gaps remain, such as the lack of consensus on key drivers and underutilization of diverse methodologies like mixed methods, limiting development of comprehensive EV adoption strategies
The Damage of Solitary Confinement
No full textUB Rise 2025
College of Science and SocietySolitary confinement is the act of locking an inmate in an isolated area, such as a cell, for long periods of time and there is little to no human contact (Rousseau, n.d). Rousseau continues to explain how usually inmates are placed into solitary confinement because of behavior, to protect inmates and staff, and more. However, the issue with solitary confinement is that it is being weaponized against inmates and making matters worse rather than it being utilized correctly (NYCLU, 2023). Inmates may be in solitary confinement for extensive periods of time. The only time they are let out is to shower and recreation time. In some cases inmates do not even shower everyday, water is cut off before inmate is finished showering, etc (Deng, 2024). According to an article published by Vera, solitary confinement also deteriorates and negatively effects inmates mental health and instead of rehabilitating them; it makes them worse (James & Vancouver, 2021). This poster will cover the data to support the issues I claim, what a solution(s) may be and how to work through and attain that solution(s)