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Assessment of "social" and "economic" sustainability in peri-urban territories: a proposal of methodological framework and its application to Lisbon Metropolitan Area
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southCarried out within the framework of the multidisciplinary research project PERIURBAN (Peri-urban areas faced with the challenges of sustainability: developing scenarios for Lisbon Metropolitan Area) this article aims to propose, discuss and implement criteria for assessing the sustainability of peri-metropolitan territories at the social and economic level, starting from its application to the specific case of 5 parishes in Lisbon Metropolitan area. The peri-urban territories have gained a renewed interest in contemporaneity, in the face of the challenges of sustainability. However, the exploitation of its potential requires an approach that goes beyond the classic urban perspectives of a space to be consolidated and (re)developed. To that extent, a more comprehensive perspective is required, focused on their specific needs and their particular aptitude to contribute to an increase of the life quality of the population. Recognizing that the opportunity of these territories lies in the ability to integrate multiple sectoral policies and visions in the territorial planning process, the PERIURBAN project intended to develop scenarios with a view to identifying the main constraints and potentialities of the peri-urban areas, with the active cooperation of the stakeholders involved in its change.publishedVersio
Participation in planning and plan-making in Norway
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southComprehensive municipal land use and community strategic planning have been a part of local political and administrative responsibilities in Norway since 1965. Still a lot of municipalities have challenges regarding planning processes, planning decisions and implementation and some planning are in reality symbol production (plan-making) to fulfil internal and external demands. Participation from inhabitants is often symbolic especially regarding strategic planning.
In this paper I will use Volda municipality as an example together with results from national research to analyse local planning in Norway based on complexity theories. The objectives are to discuss how the real influence of inhabitants can be increased and how strategic local planning can be a political instrument regarding local development.
The Norwegian municipality is an important part of the welfare state responsible for the production of direct public services like schools, kindergartens, care of old and disabled people, social care, child care, health care, local infrastructure etc. as well as local planning and development. To do this production the municipal sector employs approximately 15 % of the total labour force in Norway.publishedVersio
Reclaiming the authority to plan: How the legacy of structural adjustment has affected recentralization in Bolivia
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southThirty years after structural adjustment policies decentralized developing country governments, signs are emerging of a slow return to centralized state authority. Nearly 140 countries and over 40 international institutions agreed through the Paris Declaration and Accra Agenda for Action to “align” and “harmonize” aid efforts in support of country-led and country-owned development. Today, many Latin American governments are beginning to implement policy, bureaucratic, institutional and civil society strategies to “reclaim the role of protagonist that [they] lost as a result of decentralization” (Dickovick and Eaton 2013, 1454). What is not apparent in these agreements and emerging trends is exactly how, and how well, national governments can implement actions after reclaiming the authority to plan.
After Bolivia became one of the showpieces for structural adjustment and neoliberal reforms, by the late 1990s the size and power of the central government had shrunk considerably, local governments were taking more control of local decisions, and NGOs had rushed in to fill many social service gaps. When Evo Morales was elected President of Bolivia in 2006, he set out to take back his authority to govern numerous sectors. I consider the extent to which the Morales administration was able to achieve one its most ambitious attempts to re-establish state-led, equity-oriented development – the Zero Malnutrition (ZM) Program. The ZM program grew out of a frustration with what had become a fragmented, NGO-led health care system that had stalled efforts to reduce malnutrition.publishedVersio
How to spot a transit city: Towards a level-of-service measure for public transport in metropolitan areas
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southThe planning and implementation of road systems, both urban and inter-urban, have long benefitted from a detailed understanding of what constitutes the required level of service for different traffic purposes. These standards have been applied internationally with many agencies around the world drawing on the US Highway Capacity Manual which was first published in 1950 (Transportation Research Board, 2010). No equivalent measures exist for public transport systems except, in some cases, at the level of individual agencies or national peak bodies. The shortfall generates difficulties for policy makers in defining robust performance thresholds for a city’s public transport system beyond popular targets concerning mode share, passenger boardings, energy use or financial performance.
This paper uses international comparative results from the Spatial Network Analysis for Multimodal Urban Transport Systems (SNAMUTS) instrument and other accessibility tools to sketch an assessment framework that can viably be applied to cities with different settlement structures, policy histories and approaches to public transport provision. This is achieved by deriving a set of core standards from the more complex accessibility measures contained in SNAMUTS and other tools – measures that were designed to facilitate a policy discourse rather than set a rigid performance threshold, and are therefore not free from ambiguity. We argue that from a utility perspective, the core level of service measures in public transport systems should be:
general network coverage: what percentage of urban activities are within walking distance of public transport services meeting a minimum standard of frequency and operational span?publishedVersio
Obstacles for Energy Rehabilitation in underprivileged Neighborhoods
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southAffected by the steel crisis and the increase in coal prices beginning in the late 1960s up to the 1990s the business climate in mining regions in industrial countries changed. After several decades of economic growth and rising population, a period of recession started. Many of the former industrial sites saw themselves struggling with the effects of structural change. Since the decline of the coal and steel industry they have been confronted with massive job losses, permanently shrinking or at least stagnating population figures (cp. Glock 2007) and declining financial opportunities. In those circumstances, it is nearly impossible to use growth as a driving force for a positive development. Development prospects get obsolete, if they are only based on increasing population.
The Ruhr area is the region in Germany, which was most influenced by the crisis of coal and steel industry. The 13 independent cities of the Ruhr region and their whole history has been closely associated with the appearance of industrial sites. Mines, blast furnace and factories spread out in the region between the rivers Ruhr and Emscher. The former villages and small towns like Dortmund, Essen and Duisburg grew up to big cities with up to half a million inhabitants. Nowadays about 5 million people live in the whole Ruhr area. It is the biggest metropolitan area in Germany and one of the biggest in Europe. Since the crisis the cities of the Ruhr area still have been dealing with the effects of structural change. In some quarters of the cities this leads to a concentration of disproportionately high shrinkage and vacancy ratespublishedVersio
Re-legitimizing the power of smallness: the rise, fall, and rise of appropriate technologies as a development strategy
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southSmall-scale technological solutions to poverty alleviation have become increasingly popular in the 21st Century. Markets are flooded with “appropriate technologies” (AT), such as cook stoves, solar lanterns, and even inexpensive cellphones and computers, as they promise to address the basic needs of the poor for a price they can afford. Despite the growing popularity of these gadgets within the international development community, most recognize that some are more effective than others. To date, development planners have not yet found a systematic way to identify “what works” and “why”, thereby compromising their ability to design more effective interventions based on this improved knowledge. Better methodologies are necessary, but insufficient for the creation of a comprehensive and effective technology evaluation framework. It is also paramount to understand the causes of success or failure of prior AT efforts, so past errors are not repeated, flawed assumptions dismissed, and newer solutions emerge capable of improving the quality of life among the poorest in a sustainable way. Indeed, the use of the notion of appropriate technologies in development planning as is not new. The AT model became prominent in the 1970s through the work of the economist Fritz Schumacher’s Small is Beautiful (1973). He promoted a development planning approach based on small-scale, low-cost, labor-intensive, context specific, and environmentally friendly technologies focused on benefitting populations living in poverty.publishedVersio
Built environment, active transportation, and childhood overweight: an exploration analysis
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southThe prevalence of overweight and obesity continues to challenge public health professionals and planners in the United States (US). During 2009–2010, more than a third of adults and nearly one of five youths aged 2–19 years was obese, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The problem is more profound in socioeconomically disadvantage groups. The prevalence of overweight and obesity is an important issue as obesity is one of the leading causes of death and disability and the cost of treatment has climbed over the years in the U.S.
The lack of physical activities is considered as one of the important factors contributing to obesity and other chronic diseases. The public health and planning literature suggests that the built environment may play a significant role in health outcomes. Land use and transportation planners have long advocated smart growth solutions such as transit-oriented development and changes in the design of the built environment to promote sustainable development and active transportation. Despite the recent efforts on promoting physical activities through change in design of the built environment, more empirical studies are needed to demonstrate the linkage between built environment, active transportation, and health benefits, especially the health benefit of children.
Using the 2008 Cook Children’s Community Needs Assessment Survey (CCHAPS) data in the Dallas/Fort Worth area, and GIS and statistical analysis techniques, this study investigates the complex relationship among built environment, childhood overweight, and other socioeconomic and behavior factors.publishedVersio
The role of intergovernmental relations in breaking resilience: bridging urban environmental agendas in climate change and the waste sector in Malaysia
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southWith the rise of climate changes, there are large bodies of research on resilience and resource efficiency in the urban areas, as they are key to cope with those changes. Many practitioners and scholars have put tremendous efforts to understand urban system resilience to recover from hazardous natural events. However, a less explored area of research is to understand the resilience that affects urban areas but in adverse ways. Weak governance, social and political conflicts and lack of resources and capacity in many cities have detrimental environmental and human outcomes that have existed for long periods and are reinforced by resilience, which leads to systemic reproductions of behaviors and lack of consistent interventions which impedes radical changes. Thus, the paper tries to understand how to break the resilience of urban systems in order that they advance the agenda of sustainability and do not return to their initial (unsustainable) state and path. An important component is how to build institutional capabilities to link the two urban environmental agendas (physical resilience and resource efficiency) and break the inertial of unsustainable urban systems.
The paper examines how best to translate issues related to climate change into urban planning and management having the waste management sector in sub-national level in Malaysia, as the object of research. It explores how the link of the two important urban environmental agendas analyzing the opportunities for climate co-benefits (win-win) can break resilience by bridging local (waste) and national/global (climate change) environmental issues.publishedVersio
Planning outside the box of planning cultures : The virtue of designing urban landscapes in Bremen Blumenthal and Hemelingen within the European Urban Summer School
No full textCity on water : 6th AESOP European Urban Summer School 2015, BremenThis chapter gives an introduction to the planning and working phase of the EUSS summer school. The central approaches of the concept development are introduced and the group work reflected. Therefore it is important not to think only about the how and what of the process but also about the why and what for. Besides the positive learning effects of the participants through the challenge of designing a project in a new and unfamiliar context there are also virtues for the targeted city which could lie in the new and independent thinking outside of the local culture of planning
Master programme in Urban Planning -Stadtplanung (Hafen City University Hamburg)
No full textHafen City University Hamburg
53.54121371389528, 10.007779705720216
https://ror.org/00g30e956After a thorough examination of its contents and methods, the Master programme in Urban Planning (Stadtplanung) offered by the Hafen City University Hamburg has been highly distinguished with the AESOP CERTIFICATE OF QUALITY We certify that: This programme fulfils the European quality standards of planning programmes according to the AESOP Charter, complemented by an effective internationalization of teaching and learning processes This certificate is valid for a period of six years. Porto, 22 January 201