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DIY networking as a boundary object for transdisciplinary education
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southWireless technology, low-cost open hardware and FLOSS software make it increasingly easy for people with less-technical inclinations to build their own local networks. They can thus become hosts of local communications between those in physical proximity, without a need to be connected to the commercial Internet, and to buy a domain name or online space in commercial platforms. The coverage can vary in range, and thus the relevant types of applications, depending on the number of connected network nodes. In the simplest scenario, a single wireless router can host the local application, and the coverage radius could extend up to several hundred meters. Through the formation of a network of such devices, which may be technically configured as a ‘mesh’ --often called a wireless community network-- the network can organically grow according to the voluntary contributions of individuals or communities. Links between distant locations can only be prevented by physical obstacles, and thus such a network can expand as far as line-of-sight allows.
This DIY networking technology has special characteristics compared to the public Internet in terms of privacy, ownership, and control, and thus holds a unique potential for empowering citizens to shape their hybrid urban space toward conviviality and collective awareness (Antoniadis et al. 2014; Antoniadis & Apostol 2015). It can also play the role of a “boundary object” for facilitating interdisciplinary interactions and participatory processes between different actors such as researchers, engineers, practitioners, artists, designers, local authorities, and activists.publishedVersio
Representations on contemporary rural property: nature as a “consumer dream” in Brazilian real estate
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southAccess to land is a symbol of power, safety as a shelter, well-being and livehood, as well as something that can be easily converted into currency. In addition to its primary functions, the land was, in our political context, socially transformed into a consumer good laden with symbolism. We have as a research question the representation of rural property in Brazil, aiming to investigate the growth of gated communities, the notional of rapprochement with nature and its environmental consequences. Our methodological approach is through case study, backed by a bibliographical revision and systematization of both official and press material on the subject.
The necessity of being informed about the world, in order to adjust ourselves and dominate it, is the reason why we create social representations (JODELET, 1989). We corroborate with Agier and his reflections on interpretation and representation: “Interpretations can be implicit on practices and interactions and the observer must reveal them: what such and such practices mean from the point of view of the social significance in which they occur?” (2011: 148). For Velho, usage from an individual’s discourse: “implies ‘acceptance’ to its existential experience expressed into its own words” (1973: 92).publishedVersio
Influences of city-county consolidation on the conception of urban-rural planning and development: a case study of Tainan city, Taiwan
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southDifferent forms of state rescaling and local government reorganizations—including city-county consolidation, annexation, merge, interlocal agreement, and special district—have been considered plausible strategies to deal with cross-boundary environmental and economic issues, such as climate change, watershed governance, global competitiveness, smart governance, and so on. In Taiwan, national and local governments regard city-county consolidations as one of the effective approaches to deal with the issues. In 2010, three city-county consolidations were approved and conducted, including the consolidation of Tainan city and county governments. For the national government the consolidations is a necessary administrative action in coordination with the needs of national land planning and regional governance, but for local governments the consolidation deeply relates to the issues of local finance, administrative efficiency, spatial governance and development. The results of consolidation will directly influence the life of local residents, the quality of public service and the development of urban and rural areas. From a perspective of regional and rural planning, the benefit of consolidation seems great. Before consolidating, the city and county governments not only lacked coordination, but competed to each other in certain conditions, such as fighting for national subsidies and investments, and eager for industrial and residential developments. The national government expects the consolidation will lead to a more appropriate, cohesive and balanced spatial development and land management in urban and rural areas. Nonetheless, the expected result is not as a matter of course.publishedVersio
Connected informality beyond the state: self-organization within a revolutionary Egypt
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southHow can we explain the role of informality in the social, political and spatial transformations of the recent Arab emancipatory movements? Do these instances of informality hold paramount insights and lessons for future planning culture? This paper is an attempt to explore the interdependencies between informality and creativity within collectives of Egypt at a time of revolutionary fervour between 2011 and 2015. We advance a dialogue between theory and praxis in order to unravel the entangled web of interactions between movements of humans, spaces and networks over time. The purpose is to show that self- organization mechanisms of informality and creativity prefigure social movement mobilization and consequent socio-political transformation. We critically embrace and transcend three realms within the literature: (1) self-organization with planning theory (2) geographical dimensions of social movement scholarship and (3) analyses of the Arab Spring. We argue for ‘informality’ as a collective political platform constituted of a spontaneous coming together at critical thresholds and provide evidence from recent emancipatory movements in Egypt to support our claims. These informal collectives: (1) reflect an interdependent relationship between a physical world represented in symbolic public spaces, and a virtual world represented in the social media and speculate over the potential; and (2) have evolved along several transitional phases thereby forming ‘creative’ rules of behaviour either to face their common fears in critical moments or to subjectify their new overarching identities in the long run in the form of an institutional capacity.publishedVersio
Cities and Social Movements in International Arena
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southThe State–Nation crisis and the privatization of the state enterprisers in the neo-liberal globalization state formed the foundations to configure the minimum State. Global cities and transnational enterprisers were the agents to this neo-liberal globalization system. The configuration pointed to the prominence of the local government instead of the National State. However the 2008 –financial crisis restores these political agents and appears the State-Nation as an agent in the globalization arena. The action of cities in the international context and the recognition of its role in this field, states the need of further examination to verify if they are actually political actors, although this role have been exclusively fulfilled by central governments. The problem is assuming that globalization has changed the way of making politics as well as impacting in different levels such as the national, the regional and the local administration. The global and the local, the virtual and the real have changed the way which cities and the social movements perform their international political relations. It will be possible to notice how globalization has changed the institutional structures, in which the relations were more balanced, predictable and static some time ago. There are different economical, social, cultural, technological and political-institutional factors that had influenced the construction of this new globalization context. The objectives in analyze this phenomenon.publishedVersio
Urban planning process and discourses in Sydney: positioning social media use within a community group’s campaign
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southSince the 1950s the dominant paradigm for planning in Sydney has been urban consolidation in the form of medium density housing (Searle and Filion 2002). Successive government arguments for urban consolidation have varied from decade to decade. The main discourse of the 1950s to 1970s centred on the efficient use of existing infrastructure services such as water, sewerage, electricity and roads. Since the 1990s, urban consolidation discourse has shifted to a solution for housing affordability, housing an aging population and efficient use of public transport. Environmental arguments have also emerged and further changes to household demographics such as delaying marriage and children have created a higher demand for higher density housing (Searle and Filion 2002). Throughout this time, urban consolidation has experienced considerable opposition from community’s who mobilise various arguments of resistance, including increased traffic, loss of privacy, loss of streetscape and an influx of lower socioeconomic households (Searle 2007; Searle and Filion 2011). This case study is consistent with the urban consolidation paradigm that has been pursued in Sydney for the past 30 years (Ruming et al., 2012), with a strong emphasis over the past decade through planning system reforms that proposed the introduction of up-front strategic planning informed by community consultation (Ruming and Davies 2014; MacDonald 2015). This is a single example of the processes and debates occurring across Sydney.publishedVersio
Urban regulations and the capitalist production of housing in the 2000’s: the master plan, the construction regulations and the social housing “Minha Casa Minha Vida” programme case in the town of Araraquara, Brazil
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southStarting from 1986, when the Housing National Bank (BNH) was extinguished, the government has failed to draw up a comprehensive housing policy. During the next 17 years, several federal departments and offices had been in charge of isolated aspects concerning social housing, however, without the existence of a policy or a centralized coordination. Only since 2003, with the creation of the Ministry of Cities and the approval of the National Housing Policy in 2004 by the Council of Cities, the Brazilian government has taken actions for addressing the housing deficit on a national scale.
This change is a landmark in the housing assistance approach, as to consider it inextricably and necessarily integrated into the planning and urban management, infrastructure and urban mobility, in addition to land issues and resource allocation in order to ensure the rights to housing and to the city. This understanding has guided for developing the National Housing Plan - PLANHAB, between 2007 and 2009, The PlanHab was designed with broad popular participation, taking into account the solution for the accumulated housing deficit and demographic growth in a 15 years horizon. The deep regional differences in Brazil has been considered, as well as land issues, included its speculative aspect, in order to ensure integrated housing production to urban dynamic, sustainable and inclusive actions, with popular involvement.publishedVersio
Who uses geolocated social media in the United States?
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southThere has been increasing interest from both city planning scholars and practitioners in using geolocated social media posts as a way to learn about urban activity patterns: which public spaces are most popular at different times, what people’s travel patterns look like, and so forth. Information about residential demographics, employment, and motor vehicle traffic is often already available from census agencies or roadway sensors, but widespread smartphone adoption now provides novel information about people’s actual uses of urban space.
However, not all residents of cities have access to smartphones, and those who do may not use the type of apps like Twitter, Instagram, Flickr, or Foursquare that create public traces of location and activity context. From large-scale surveys, we know that users of these services in the United States tend to be younger and wealthier than average residents, and are less likely to be from disadvantaged racial or ethnic groups. This leads to concern that city planners utilizing this data may inadvertently privilege some members of the community over others.
This paper demonstrates a methodology to assess the demographic characteristics of geolocated social media data for metropolitan areas in the United States, using data form the U.S. Census. We will report findings for the entire U.S. if possible, and otherwise will focus on the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of about 9 million people in the state of California.publishedVersio
Improving financing conditions for land readjustment projects: a real estate appraisal model
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southIn PERCOM research project results it was identified the main reasons that contribute to a low level of execution of urban development projects involving several landowners making them unattractive for bank financing. In order to conceptualize a model for overcoming this problem (financing) is mandatory to identify the reasons why banks do not finance urban development involving several landowners and define new procedures to mitigate these reasons.
With the aforementioned objective in mind, a review of the state of the art of bank financing for urban development projects was carried out. The results of the bibliographic research allowed for the conclusion that this area has been the object of very little study, thus underlining the importance and topicality of this research.
As Korthals Altes (2010: 929) noted, “Past research has revealed that [urban projects developed by] governments are often tempted to underestimate the costs (…) The profits made by local authorities from land development are growing, while the costs, revenues, and results are, on average, underestimated by local authorities. This may have consequences for the explanation of budget overruns and the solutions that may be effective in countering this problem”.publishedVersio
PhD programme in Urban Planning (Universidade Lusófona)
No full textUniversidade Lusófona
38.758099568529055, -9.152472273909838After a thorough examination of its contents and methods, the PhD programme in Urban Planning offered by the Universidade Lusófona has been highly distinguished with the AESOP CERTIFICATE OF QUALITY We certify that: This programme fulfils the European quality standards of planning programmes according to the AESOP Charter, complemented by an effective internationalization of teaching and learning processes This certificate is valid for a period of six years. Porto, 22 January 201