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Tourism, glocalization and urban rehabilitation - transformations of the touristic environment of Baixa in Lisbon
No full textBook of proceedings: Annual AESOP Congress, Spaces of Dialog for Places of Dignity, Lisbon, 11-14th July, 2017The tourism dynamics nowadays are the reflection of global and local interactions, verifying, with frequency, the confrontation between the preservation of the local values and their transformation according to the generalized tendency of the cultural patterns of consumption. This transformations, which are recognized for converting many of the trend tourism spots, involve diverse agents that end up arranging efforts to promote tourism locations. The most visible effects pass by a requalification of emblematic public spaces, or neighborhoods with a picturesque value and also areas with high commercial potential. The urban rehabilitation strategies, with real estate valorization in mind, are also the central vectors for the touristification process. These transformations however raise some issues and possible problems. Some can be emphasized as the effects of gentrification, the heritage authenticity loss and the effects of urban cosmetic that overlap the preservation of the exceptional. On the other hand other positions claim that there should be an investment coordination as a way to avoid the degradation of historical centers or old city areas, which don’t correspond with the current needs. In this sense, this investigation contemplates a critical thinking on the tourism dynamics of actuality, through research on recent theories related with the theme. We try to focus on the relation between tourism and urban rehabilitation strategies, mainly on the oldest city areas. The case study is Baixa Pombalina in the Center of Lisbon. The choice was made due to the controversial application of this area to humanity heritage, as well as the strategies and safeguard plans content. We currently watch as big transformations unroll on Baixa under a bold urban rehabilitation, very visible on the rapid uses transformation and real estate dynamics. On this context we aim to investigate the value of Baixa and its narrow relation with the tourism strategies in the global and local interactions.Published versio
The Bosnian spatial planning system - attempt at an explanation
No full textBook of proceedings: Annual AESOP Congress, Spaces of Dialog for Places of Dignity, Lisbon, 11-14th July, 2017To understand the Bosnian spatial planning system it is necessary to get an overview of the structure and hierarchical levels in Bosnia and Hercegovina (BiH). The process, of setting up a new state formation and order is directly linked with the war and its all impact (1992-1995), which has started after Bosnians independence from the former Yugoslavia (Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia – SFRY) in March 1992. The war consequences have still an enormous influence on daily life in Bosnia and Hercegovina and on the spatial planning system as well. This paper tries to explain the complexity of the Bosnian spatial planning system, to show its gaps and to explain the cause for its transnational planning character.Published versio
Study on the space growth boundary delimitation of Mizhi county in China based on the compact development concept
No full textBook of proceedings: Annual AESOP Congress, Spaces of Dialog for Places of Dignity, Lisbon, 11-14th July, 2017The loess plateau region in northern Shaanxi province in China is characterized by loess hilly and gully, fragile ecological environment, scarcity of land resources. The delimitation of space growth boundary is critical to the intensive use of land resources and the compact development of space. How to delimit the compact space growth boundary becomes the focus of attention and research. The urban space growth boundary is one of the earliest urban land management policy tools adopted by the United States under the new urbanism in the West. The concept was presented in 1976 by Salem, Oregon, USA [1]. Its goal is to curb the social, economic and environmental problems brought about by the spread of the city. Urban space growth boundary is not to curb the development of the city, but through the space boundary to limit the development of the city in a clear geographical space. Thus, city's disorder expansion is blocked while meeting the needs of urban development [2]. Once the urban space growth boundary has been put forward, it has become one of the hotspots of urban planning. Many scholars at home and abroad are committed to many aspects of practice and research, such as the concept of its connotation and impact analysis, the formation of mechanism analysis, delineation methods and related management strategies, application in planning [3-7]. In the traditional urban space growth boundary delimitation method, mainly in static analysis, dynamic simulation of two types of methods, the specific technical means, including ecological suitability evaluation, binding CA model, BP neural network, SLEUTH model [8-10]. In the planning practice, planners often use the urban ecological suitability evaluation, and then take the empirical value to delimit the urban space growth boundary. And also some scholars have made a reference to the overall planning of urban construction land to determine the scope, that is, plus 25% of the floating rate on the scale of the construction land in master plan [11]. In general, different demarcation methods have their own strengths. But the association with the goal of urban space growth boundary is weak, which is the intensive use of land. In addition, there is a lack of adaptability research between two elements, regional natural terrain conditions and urban surrounding ecological environment factors, the urban space growth boundary and its urban space development trend adaptability, the urban space growth boundary and urban space development endogenous needs [12]. In this paper, the method of delimiting the boundary space of urban space has made a response to this problem, which is of great significance to the compact growth of urban space.Published versio
Social perspectives of urban regeneration on neighborhood-scale: the case of Spanish quarters in Naples
No full textBook of proceedings: Annual AESOP Congress, Spaces of Dialog for Places of Dignity, Lisbon, 11-14th July, 2017Social cohesion became a key issue for the European urban policies, supported by programmes aimed to the regeneration of deprived areas through a participatory approach (Fioretti, 2015). The social issue was definitely introduced into the debate about urban regeneration in the first half of 1990s, also because during the previous two decades, several urban areas across Europe experienced economic, social and environmental disadvantages (Wacquant, 2008; Cremaschi and Eckardt, 2011; et. al.). Within the urban regeneration policies and strategic planning cultural framework of the 1990s, «stakeholders involvements and civic participation in the public decision-making were often introduced by local governments as policy tools, through which to guide the urban transformation processes» (Saporito, 2016:8). The trend was to convert participatory practices from episodic experiences to ordinary institutionalized practices in order to set up inclusive practices and collaborative tables among the complex network of stakeholders. Within this framework, the urban regeneration of those deprived urban areas looks at the social cohesion, in order to generate not only physical and urban transformations, but also to produce wellbeing, working on the improvement of local milieu and local resources, deterred by social exclusion processes that cross a vulnerable neighborhood. The attention to the participatory and inclusive practices paved the way for a combined policy framework between urban renewal and social cohesion, where the urban regeneration process can be defined through an area-based approach focused on the social issues, looking at the local welfare system (Andreotti et. al, 2012; Bifulco, 2015), that can be developed in order to generate well-being.Published versio
Oilandscapes. The reconversion of fossil fuels meshes as “green energy backbones” for the territorial restructuring of the third industrial revolution
No full textBook of proceedings: Annual AESOP Congress, Spaces of Dialog for Places of Dignity, Lisbon, 11-14th July, 2017Fossil fuels industry has always been carrier of huge spatial transformations: first of all, because the extraction of carbon-fossil resources requires the investment of huge amounts of funds to deploy a widespread infrastructural network, and secondly, because the associated industrialization process deeply contributed in the definition of new urban morphologies and settlements. We could affirm that fossil fuels and industrial revolutions represent two sides of the same coin. Since the end of XVIII century, the two industrial revolutions have been dominated by a fossil fuels’ monopoly in terms of energetic production, firstly driven by coal-based activities and later by oil. As already known, hydrocarbon resources are not equally and democratically distributed in the subsoil, and this has created over the centuries some vertical dependences between fossil fuels suppliers and consumers, which completely redefined the geo-political equilibrium among countries. One of the most remarkable effects of this unbalanced distribution of fossil resources in the subsoil had been, especially during the first industrial revolution, the territorial attractiveness of hydrocarbon-rich territories for the settlement of huge heavy industry sites. The consequent high concentration of employment reshaped the territorial hierarchies among population, countryside, urban areas and infrastructures. The aim of the first part of the paper is to investigate about the role that fossil fuels industry played in the definition of territorial hierarchies during the first and the second industrial revolutions. The analysis will be led through a comparative study of some GIS cartographies of two renowned European territories: the “Ruhr region” and the “central Veneto region”. In the second part of the paper, we will focus in a more proactive way on the “oil mesh of the North-Eastern Po valley” and wonder about how fossil fuels infrastructures could be “deengineered”, albeit maintaining their energy production identity, and imagined as “green infrastructures”, so becoming those landscape articulators which can foster the dialogue across territorial, urban and architectural scales thanks to their new socio-ecological role. The “scenario building” (Viganò, 2012 and Sijmons, 2014) will root its beliefs, assumptions and constraints around the vision of the “energetic transition towards the third industrial revolution” which, as advocated by the American economist J. Rifkin (2011), envisages a massive shift towards new renewable and territorially distributed forms of energy production.Published versio
On what ground stands strategic planning?
No full textBook of proceedings: Annual AESOP Congress, Spaces of Dialog for Places of Dignity, Lisbon, 11-14th July, 2017We live today in a world where there is enlarged freedom for many of us to invent and reinvent who we are. This freedom, in late capitalist modernity, has also come at a cost. The freedom to invent and reinvent is grounded on an expectation that we can renegotiate the fundamental threads of what we are, and what we are known as. This freedom has spread beyond the individual to our institutions, political parties, and of course public persons. No longer is it possible to say definitively what or who someone is, nor is it possible to hold them to account for who or what they said they are or would be. Such holding to account would be tantamount to a reduction of their liberty. This paper explores what impact this lack of saying, and lack of accountability for what was said has on strategic plans. Starting from Hannah Arendt’s discussion of the loss of the public realm, we explore the consequences for strategic planning of this capacity to reinvent ourselves and consider how in this pluralist and individualised world a collectively arrived at vision of the future might be grounded and survive beyond the next saying of ourselves.
Keywords: Heidegger, Arendt, Ontology of plannerPublished versio
The role of public space systems on urban transformation: a review on lisbon south bank regeneration process
No full textBook of proceedings: Annual AESOP Congress, Spaces of Dialog for Places of Dignity, Lisbon, 11-14th July, 2017Many urban regeneration processes, today, use public space as the main ground to implement urban transformation policies – economic, social, cultural, etc. – and deliver valued benefits. Recent discussions about public space relevance in contemporary urban dynamics – privatization, gentrification, etc. – are also a reflection of its role, not just as political or institutional terms, but acknowledging itself as an “urban value” (P. Brandão, 2005; Portas, 1999). These initiatives include from central and historic cores to former industrial areas, from large waterfronts to small scale projects for local communities, which encompass several urban dimensions, dynamics and stakeholders. As urban areas grow, other typologies of public space arise – as transport interchange, shopping centres, waterfronts, theme parks, etc. (P. Brandão & Remesar, 2004) where categories of public-private-collective are mixed together, in a wide range of activities and urban settings. Public space’s traditional purpose (meeting and making social connections) is often colonized by trends of leisure, consumption, movement or marketing. As urban areas spread, public space may lose its central role of structuring and anchoring urban activities. Does this mean a possible crises or disbelief on public space role in the urban process? Or a need for a new approach?Published versio
Enabling youth geographies in the digital smart city. An action-research approach
No full textBook of proceedings: Annual AESOP Congress, Spaces of Dialog for Places of Dignity, Lisbon, 11-14th July, 2017Some categories of citizens are excluded by most decisions about how to manage, transform and use urban space. Among these weak categories of citizens there are teenagers, who are the object of many specific urban policies, even if they are rarely involved as active subjects of the policy making process. The understanding of the real urban geographies, through bottom-up perspectives, and the engagement of citizens, with participatory policy-making, are central in the smart cities narratives, often associated to the use of ICT technologies. There is often a gap between the city for teenagers – formally planned and ruled by adults – and the city of teenagers, which is actually lived, transformed, occupied and represented by young people. Can the use of ICT fill this gap of knowledge to support participatory policymaking? This contribution presents the methodologies and the results of an action-research project called Teencarto, carried out by the University of Turin and the City Council. The project involved more than 600 teenagers from 16 schools, in a massive process of community mapping aiming at producing a representation of their urban geography. The mapping process has been based on First Life, a map-based social network, which aims at reconnecting digital and real spaces, using cartographic representations and crowdsourcing. The specific relational perspective allowed by the social networking functionalities of the application, specifically redesigned for this project on user-centered principles, favors a real shared representation of urban space.Published versio
Analyze of south Georgian healthcare tourism cluster comparing with german and hungarian examples of the regional planning of resort cities
No full textBook of proceedings: Annual AESOP Congress, Spaces of Dialog for Places of Dignity, Lisbon, 11-14th July, 2017The article discusses importance issues of medical tourism and resort medicine for the case of Southern Georgian resorts, especially resorts in Samtskhe-Javakheti Region Akhaltsikhe, Borjomi and Abastumani. Cluster analysis principle is applied and the central role of health-care tourism and resort medicine in Tourism and Recreation Cluster of Samtskhe-Javakheti is defined. Historical experience of Georgia in health-care tourism and resort medicine is highlighted. Renewed development of health-care tourism and resort medicine should be related to the Sustainable Urban Development of these settlements, therefore, future policy should be determined. In this regard, complex activities in following issues were offered: education improvement in the field of resort medicine, considering appropriate resort treatment in insurance packages, urban planning solutions and Smart city management, environmental and protective planting issues, rehabilitation of resort infrastructure. We offer to create health-care tourism cluster for Georgia considering contemporary trends, and for this were defined successful examples of developed countries, in particular, German and Hungarian cases. The direct contribution of Travel and Tourism to GDP was 6.5% in 2015 in Hungary. The raising part of tourism is medical tourism in Hungary and the most popular area situated near to the Austrian border. All over the country there are many type of baths and the therapeutic use of them is common. The good examples of them could be helpful to create a brand new touristic destination in Georgia. Also a good example for Georgian healthcare Tourism Cluster development is a managed system of German resots named Deutscher Heilbäderverband. Resorts of Germany have united functional system, with interactive map and comprehensive information, resorts profile and category classification, affordable health-care activities, etc. In tourism and recreation cluster of Samtskhe-Javakheti are considered Akhaltsikhe, Borjomi and Abastumani, like resorts, determining main profile of the region. Also potential thermal resorts of South Georgia should be considered for future development. In this regard climatic and geographic characteristics, also balneology resources potential of above mentioned resort cities were shown. Sustainable urban development recommendations for the rehabilitation and further development of the health-care tourism and resort medicine field were worked out.Published versio
Green infrastructures: a framework to apply a multiscalar and transectoral approach in planning
No full textBook of proceedings: Annual AESOP Congress, Spaces of Dialog for Places of Dignity, Lisbon, 11-14th July, 2017According to EU strategy green infrastructure is: “a strategically planned network of natural and seminatural areas with other environmental features designed and managed to deliver a wide range of ecosystem services. […]. On land, GI is present in rural and urban settings” (EC, 2013b:3) therefore, it is recognised and referred to a multifunctional network of healthy ecosystems, serving the interests of both people and nature (Figure1). Referring to planning instruments this drives to assume that a green infrastructure (GI) strategy should favour a better integration between territorial/urban planning and design with sectorial planning and other instruments and policies with spatial impact by the mean of the multifunctional nature of GI. In order to foster the improvement of approaches and tools towards its implementation, the planning experience currently under way in Lombardy Region (IT) related to the new Regional Landscape Plan (RLP) is a good example that assumes concretely the role and potential of green infrastructures in spatial planning with a multi-scalar approach. The RLP fully undertakes the principles of the European Landscape Convention (ELC), where: ”Landscape” means an area, as perceived by people, whose character is the result of the action and interaction of natural and/or human factors” (COE, 2000), recognizing the importance of environmental and ecological components in landscape planning, and improving the integration between cultural and environmental aspects. Moreover, according to the ELC, the plan pays great attention to “landscapes that might be considered outstanding as well as every day or degraded landscapes” (COE, 2000) considering that this typology of landscape covers a large part of Lombardy, corresponding to the metropolitan region of Milan.Published versio