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Unusual costotransverse joints found in laboratory bones
Get PDFThe present study presents an anatomical variation in the costotransverse fovea of the thoracic vertebrae. This finding occurred at the Universidade do Vale dos Sinos, after cleaning a skeleton received from the regional cemetery, made by the technicians of the anatomy laboratory. The foveae in question were absent from the 8th thoracic vertebra. After this observation, it was searched in the literature some references that explain this variation and its implications, which was not found. The absence of these joints can have a significant impact on the biomechanics of this joint complex. The costovertebral joints were preserved
Standardized Classification of Aortic Arch Branching Patterns (SCAABP)
Get PDFObjectives. To review current anatomical classifications for the aortic branching patterns and propose a method for standardized classification of Aortic Arch Branching Patterns (SCAABP).
Methods. Through a three-stage Delphi method, expert vascular anatomists in morphology design SCAABP to report trunks, branches, and laterality of aortic arch branching patterns.
Results. SCAABP is a classification that includes 7 parameters (Number of branches, and 6 types of branches [braquiocephalic trunk, common trunk, common carotid, subclavian artery, vertebral artery, and ectopic arteries]). It can integrate all reported branching patterns and allows the classification of new or unreported patterns. The classification allows standardization for future comparison of results, and improvement of evidence-based anatomy.
Conclusions. SCAABP is a standardized method for classifying anatomical variants of the aortic arch. It is simple, clear, and contemplates new variants. All reported classifications can be integrated
Predicting epileptic seizures with a stacked long short-term memory network
Get PDFDespite advancements, seizure detection algorithms are trained using only the data recorded frompast epileptic seizures. This one-dimensional approach has led to an excessive false detection rate,where common movements are incorrectly classified. Therefore, a new method of detection isrequired that can distinguish between the movements observed during a generalized tonic-clonic(GTC) seizure and common everyday activities. For this study, eight healthy participants and twodiagnosed with epilepsy simulated a series of activities that share a similar set of spatialcoordinates with an epileptic seizure. We then trained a stacked, long short-term memory (LSTM)network to classify the different activities. Results show that our network successfullydifferentiated the types of movement, with an accuracy score of 94.45%. These findings present amore sophisticated method of detection that correlates a wearers movement against 12 seizurerelated activities prior to formulating a prediction
Anatomical Association Between Articularis Genus and Vastus Medialis Oblique: A Cadaveric Investigation
Get PDFObjectives
The articularis genus (AG) muscle is thought to elevate the suprapatellar bursa during knee extension. Failure of this function may cause impingement of the bursa, and lead to anterior knee pain. The AG may work in synergy with the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) to fulfil this function. The AG and the VMO both attach to the vastus intermedius aponeurosis, and fibres of the VMO have been found to attach to the superficial layer of the AG. The VMO is also implicated in anterior knee pain, as VMO insufficiency can lead to patellar maltracking. The aim of the study was to investigate if an anatomical association could be shown between the AG and the VMO.
Methods
Twenty-nine lower limbs were dissected to show the muscles of the anterior thigh. The maximum VMO pennation angle and the VMO insertion ratio on the medial border of the patella were measured. The AG area was determined by measuring the length and maximum width of each individual muscle slip.
Results
The mean area of the AG was 2554.67 mm2. The mean VMO angle was 56.6°, whilst the mean insertion ratio was 48.93%. The association between area and each of the covariates was not statistically significant (VMO angle: P=0.921; insertion ratio: P=0.822). The mean area for the left leg was greater than that for the right (2876.12 versus 2233.22; P=0.049).
Conclusion
The articularis genus does not appear to have an anatomical association with the vastus medialis oblique. The dimensions of the superficial layer of the AG were not influenced by sex or age. However, the AG area was greater on the left limb than the right
A Paracolic location of the Appendix Vermiformis with lymphoid Hypoplasia
Get PDFThe present case report from the dissection room shows a rare and unique paracolic position of the vermiform appendix reaching almost up to the liver in a white European man. The appearance of the gut associated lymphoepithelial tissue was hypoplastic
TREATMENT OF THORACIC DUCT INJURY USING A COMBINATION OF PERCUTANEOUS AND ARTIFICIAL HEMATOMA TECHNIQUES: CASE REPORT
No full textHere, we report a successful case of a 22-year-old male patient with percutaneous closure of the thoracic duct (TD) using percutaneous techniques guided by computed tomography combined with nodal lymphography and embolization. The therapy was successful, with complete cessation of thoracic drainage. Chylothorax embolization is described as a minimally invasive that includes percutaneous transabdominal catheterization of the cisterna chyli and embolization of the TD at the point of leakage. The main advantages of these minimally invasive techniques are the use of only local anesthesia, low morbidity and mortality rates and fast response as well as the use of lymphography to identify points of leakage and anomalies in the branches of the thoracic duct. TD embolization was to be successful in over 70% of patients without appreciable morbidity or mortality. This case report demonstrates a procedure that has not previously been described as a minimally invasive technique for chylothorax. The therapy was successful, with the complete cessation of thoracic drainage on the fifth day after surgery
TTRank: A Temporal Model to Rank Online Twitter Users
Get PDFTwitter is an online social network or a news media where users can post their desirable topical interests in the form tweets. This is a networking model where each user can choose who can follow her and whom she wants to follow. We can find the users who are very active in the social networks and consider them as influential users. This research addresses on Temporal Twitter Ranking (TTRank) to rank the influential users in Twitter. We apply Twitter-LDA topic modeling method to find the users’ topical interests. The time interval is an important factor as users’ topical interest can change over time i.e. users’ have different degree of topical interests at different timeinterval. So we give more emphasize on users’ most recent tweets. Our proposed approach also considers the impact of “Follower Influence” and “Retweet Influence”. The top influential users have been detected across different time intervals based on all the above mentioned factors and classified as “Highly Influential” and “Potential’ users. Experiment results on a real Twitter dataset demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed system
COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Prediction Using Machine Learning
Get PDFCoronavirus Disease 2019 or COVID-19 is an infectious disease which is declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) have a noxious effect on the entire human civilization. Each and every day the number of infected people is going higher and higher and so the death toll. Many of country Italy, UK, USA was affected badly, yet since the identification of the first case, after a certain number of days, the scenario of infection rate has been reduced significantly. However, a country like Bangladesh couldn't keep the infection rate down. A number of algorithms have been proposed to forecast the scenario in terms of the number of infection, recovery and death toll. Here, in this work, we present a comprehensive comparison based on Machine Learning to predict the outbreak of COVID-19 in Bangladesh. Among Several Machine Learning algorithms, here we used Polynomial Regression (PR) and Multilayer Perception (MLP) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm and epidemiological model Susceptible, Infected and Recovered (SIR), projected comparative outcomes
An Anatomical Illustrated Analysis of Yoga Postures Targeting the Back and Spine through Cadaveric Study of Back Musculature
Get PDFBack pain is a debilitating lifestyle disease that affects a large proportion of the world’s population at some point in their life. Absences from work due to this have a huge economical impact on the patient, their employer and the healthcare providers who seek to support their recovery. Unfortunately, back pain is often resistant to treatment and intervention, therefore alternative therapies such as Yoga are being explored. Within the literature, five Yoga postures were identified to be associated with reduced back pain in patients suffering from Chronic Lower Back Pain (CLBP). To aid anatomical analysis of these Yoga postures, a detailed cadaveric dissection of the back was performed to understand the action and activity of the musculature in these postures. In order to cohesively present the findings, unique hand-drawn illustrations were used to depict the musculature found to be highly active with each Yoga posture, with the erector spinae muscles appearing prominent throughout. The combined approach of using hand-drawn illustrations with cadaveric dissection to present the anatomical analysis has allowed a seamless understanding of complex anatomical concepts alongside the nuances of intricate gross anatomy. This study highlights the importance of the inclusion of cadaveric dissection as a pedagogical tool in medical curriculm through exploring the anatomical basis of Yoga, also allowing the possibility of using the workings of Yoga to aid anatomical teaching. A greater understanding of this may help guide personalised Yoga regimes, which may allow alternative therapies to become integrated into the primary care setting.
Keywords: Cadaveric dissection, Anatomical illustrations, Back musculature, Yoga postures, Chronic Lower Back Pai
Case Report: Limb Salvage after Delayed Brachial Artery Injury with Critical Limb Ischemia
No full textBackground ꓽ The superficial location of the brachial artery makes it the most frequently injured artery in the upper extremity; its injury represents approximately 28% of all vascular injuries. The objective of this study is to highlight that prompt revascularization can save the limb even in cases of delayed brachial artery injury with severe vascular compromise.
Patients and Methods ꓽ It is a case study of 22-year male patient transferred to our hospital with critical limb ischemia following penetrating injury of his left elbow caused by glass during a fight .He presented to us 9 hours after the injury with hypotension, pallor, severe rest pain, cold and cyanosed extremity with absent distal pulses, and also he had bleeding lacerated wound at the region of left elbow. Diagnosis of brachial artery injury was made with clinical examination with no need for farther diagnostic modalities, and after rapid patient resuscitation, he was taken immediately to the theater and we performed end ̶ to ̶ end anastomosis of the brachial artery and also repair of the associated nerve injuries.
Conclusion ꓽ Prompt surgical intervention with appropriate management is essential to save the limb in cases of delayed brachial artery injuries with critical limb ischemia