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Directive (EU) 2019/1158 on work-life balance for parents and carers – new era of reconciliation of family and professional life
Full text linkDirective 2019/1158 introduces a new type of leave, specifically for fathers, to contribute to maintaining a balance between family and professional life. Work-life balance is seen as the way of reaching the principle of gender equality. Fathers are entitled to a certain number of days (10 working days) of paternity leave that can be used “on the occasion of the birth”. That is the minimum defined by the Directive and it may be raised in the legislation of every Member State country. This right is also given to partners in same-sex marriages, for the first time. Another significant part of the Directive is a leave for carers, which is a result of recognizing the need of employees to take care of other members of the family apart from children. In this paper, we argue that paternity leave introduced in this Directive represents a significant step in balancing private and professional life, but it’s only the starting point, and additional changes are required
The future of employment: cloud-based collaboration two sides of performing work tasks in the digital era
Full text linkIt can not be denied that digitalisation and artificial intelligence are transforming the traditional workplace and task performance. We live in a digital era, and managing technical achievements with decent work is challenging for all modern societies. This transformation of employment brought us some advantages while performing work tasks. Some authors argue that this transformation of work contributes to more efficient workers, because they feel free to work from home, or any other place they decide to be. On the other hand, there are low chances for workers to disconnect and maintain their personal lives. It is challenging to maintain a balance between personal and professional life because of the lack of legal instruments that protect the private life of an employee. Some authors stressed that this kind of work reveals the need for employers to use the potential of technology to create structured work rather than chaos, which can be achieved with HR management. The real problem that employers must face is the complexity of managing a cloud-enabled workforce, as well as creating consistent communication among team members across different time zones. This paper will discuss whether cloud-based collaboration is the future of work performance and the advantages and disadvantages of this instrument
Ka većem obuhvatu HPV imunizacije: pravni i etički izazovi i mogućnosti
No full textVakcinacija protiv humanog papiloma virusa (HPV) predstavlja jedno od najefikasnijih sredstava za prevenciju malignih bolesti, naročito raka grlića materice. Ipak, uprkos naučno potvrđenoj efikasnosti i bezbednosti ove vakcine, stepen obuhvata HPV imunizacijom i dalje je nizak u mnogim državama, uključujući i Srbiju. Svetska zdravstvena organizacija i Evropska unija su, putem svojih preporuka, postavile cilj da se vakciniše 90% devojčica do 2030. godine. U ovom radu autor razmatra pravne i etičke izazove, kao i mogućnosti unapređenja obuhvata vakcinacije u Republici Srbiji, sagledane u svetlu evropskih i međunarodnih smernica
Posebna pažnja posvećena je pitanju informisanog pristanka i autonomije maloletnih pacijenata. U okviru evropskih pravnih sistema postoje značaj-ne razlike kada je reč o pravu deteta da samostalno pristane na vakcinaciju. Zemlje koje u većoj meri poštuju autonomiju adolescenata često se izdvajaju i po višem obuhvatu HPV vakcinacije. U Srbiji je vakcinacija protiv HPV-a preporučena, ali za decu mlađu od 15 godina i dalje zahteva saglasnost roditelja, što može predstavljati prepreku njenoj široj primeni.
Autor ukazuje na to da bi uvođenje fleksibilnijih pravnih mehanizama, poput priznanja kapaciteta adolescentima da samostalno donose odluke o vakcinaciji, moglo doprineti većem obuhvatu imunizacije. Takođe se naglašava važnost sveobuhvatnih obrazovnih kampanja, kao i aktivnog uključivanja zdravstvenih radnika u proces informisanja i motivisanja građana. Usklađivanje javnozdravstvenih ciljeva sa temeljnim etičkim principima prepoznaje se kao ključ za uspešnu implementaciju programa vakcinacije i dugoročno smanjenje učestalosti karcinoma povezanih sa HPV-om
Analysis of the civil service salary systems in BiH based on the SIGMA principles of public administration
Full text linkThe aim of this report is to analyse the existing salary systems of civil servants in the structures of the civil service / administration in BiH, and to assess their compliance with the European principles, which are contained in the Sigma document: Principles of Public Administration. The report specifically analyzes Principle 5, Section on Public Service and Human Resource Management of the Principles of Public Administration, which sets out the basic standards for the salary of civil servants. In addition, the report further analyzes the compliance of the salary system at different levels of government in BiH with the Methodological Framework for the Principles of Public Administration, which contains indicators of development in the area of the civil service salary system.
The report was prepared as one of the results of the project "Strengthening Human Resource Management in BiH", funded by the European Union. The preparation of the report included an analysis of regulations in the field of salaries of civil servants, as well as interviews with representatives of the main project beneficiaries in charge of conducting the salary policy: the Ministry of Finance and Treasury at the state level of BiH; Federal Ministry of Justice; Ministry of Administration and Local Self-Government of the Republika Srpska; and the Human Resources Subdivision of the Department fo
Pravo vlasnika životinje - kućnog ljubimca u slučaju njenog ubijanja ili povređivanja
No full textPredmet ovog istraživanja jeste analiziranje prava vlasnika životinje na naknadu štete prouzrokovane ubijanjem ili povređivanjem kućnih ljubimaca. U istraživanju se polazi od ukazivanja na različite uzroke koji mogu dovesti do povređivanja ili smrti životinje, a s ciljem skretanja pažnje da će u slučaju takvih posledica biti neophodno razmotriti da li treba primeniti pravila o ugovornoj ili vanugovornoj odgovornosti. Autor zapaža da odnos čoveka prema kućnim ljubimcima, kao i biološke osobenosti životinja, uzrokuju potrebu drugačijeg odnosa prema šteti koja se trpi usled povređivanja ili ubijanja prevashodno kućnih ljubimaca. U tom smislu, skreće se pažnja da pravila o odmeravanju štete prema tržišnoj vrednosti u vreme donošenja presude nisu uvek u skladu sa principom integralne naknade štete. Primenom metode studije slučaja autor ukazuje da ni posebno pravilo o odmeravanju visine naknade prema vrednosti koju je stvar imala za oštećenika ne pruža adekvatnu zaštitu imovinskog položaja oštećenog. Do ovakvog zaključka dolazi se s obzirom na nedovoljno jasno razgraničenje različitih oblika kažnjivih dela koje za posledicu mogu imati ubijanje ili povređivanje životinje. Uporednopravnim metodom autor dolazi do zaključka da metod obračuna štete prema stvarnoj vrednosti koju životinja ima za vlasnika a koji se primenjuje u američkoj sudskoj praksi može biti odgovarajući i za cilj koji naknada materijalne štete ima prema odredbama sadržanim u zakonodavstvu Republike Srbije. Autor analizira i druga pitanja koja proizilaze iz definisanog predmeta istraživanja sa ciljem donošenja zaključka o usklađenosti građanskopravnih propisa sa Zakonom o dobrobiti životinja
Potential contribution of two recent EU soft law documents to improved judicial governance standards
No full textJudicial governance is a vital component of judicial independence, and yet its manifestations vary considerably across European countries. Judicial self-governance standards are articulated in a range of soft law instruments, and have prompted extensive academic debates. Starting from the premise that soft law is a relevant source of judicial independence and judicial governance standards, the author posits that two soft law instruments developed by the OSCE and the European Law Institute over the past two years enhance both the understanding and implementation of judicial independence standards by bringing added value. The hypothesis regarding the added value of the two instruments is examined through an analysis of the judicial governance and judicial self-governance concepts. Employing primarily comparative and dogmatic methods, the author demonstrates how these two instruments formulate judicial governance standards by systematising existing soft law norms and incorporating new academic developments
70 godina Instituta za uporedno pravo = 70th anniversary of the Institute of Comparative Law
No full textIzmeđu inovacije i regulacije: budućnost prava u digitalnoj epohi
No full textPredmet ovog rada su zaključna razmatranja o budućnosti prava u digitalnoj
epohi. Nakon uvodnog dela, autor iznosi svoje viđenje pojmova digitalno doba, digitalno društvo i digitalna epoha pod kojom smatra kraj antropocentričnog pogleda
na svet u kojem se jedinim inteligentnim bićem smatra čovek i kretanje ka eri u kojoj
čovek koegzistira sa neljudskim akterima, nosiocima veštačke inteligencije. Glavna
karakteristika prava u digitalnom društvu, zapravo „društvu mreže” u kojem moć
nije hijerarhijska, već je disperzovana u tokovima informacija, jeste da sve što se pod
njim smatralo, kako u prirodnopravnoj tako i u pozitivnopravnoj vizuri, poprima
novi zamah i novi efekat, a svi pokušaji sinteze kriterijuma pravnosti dobijaju novu
dimenziju. Počevši od spoljnog obeležja, preko svrhe ili društvene funkcije prava, do
ciljeva i vrednosti koje pravo ostvaruje, sve je pod udarom inovacija oličenih, između ostalog, u transformaciji pravila o odgovornosti i razvitku shvatanja, makar i u
ograničenoj dimenziji, o subjektivitetu VI. No, kako je pravo konzervativan pojam,
budućnost njegove regulatorne funkcije ne bi se, bar u ovoj fazi razvitka, mogla
smatrati neizbežno nesrećnom. Pravo, a sa njim i pravnička profesija, neminovno
moraju da postoje u ljudskom društvu. U tom smislu jasno je da će pravo, bar u
smislu regulacije društvenih odnosa, opstati, ali sa značajnim izmenama, uz zadržavanje jedne od svojih konstanti. Ono će, naime, uvek biti nedovoljno regulisano,
jer je nedovršenost zakona i svih opštih akata nužna i neizbežn
Once again on Lex Aquilia and the damage caused by the destruction of documents
No full textIn classical roman law, a claim for wrongful damage (actio damni
iniuriae), or the claim under the Aquilian law (actio legis Aquiliae),
is also applied when a person causes property damage to another by
destroying written documents. The claim is filed in the case of the
destruction of a written document on the existence or payment of a
binding claim, or the destruction of a will. An Aquilian claim is
usually filed directly in the case of the destruction of documents,
although there is also the possibility of a claim in factum. The claim
can also be filed against the owner of the document, and it claims the
value of the binding claim, inheritance or legacy that was lost
because the injured party was unable to use the destroyed document
as evidence at a certain point in time. The claim is successful only if
the injured party is later able to prove the existence of his right by
other means. Classical sources do not mention the possibility of
claiming damages through a lawsuit under the Aquilian law in a si-
tuation where a written document with formal, rather than probative,
force is destroyed. The Aquilian lawsuit for the destruction of
documents can compete with lawsuits under some contracts. As for
lawsuits under torts, there is no competition with them, but rather a
demarcation of the field of application. The lawsuit could only be
cumulated with the actio iniuriarum