International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
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The Changing Role of Higher Education Institutions on Research and Innovation in Africa: A Systematic Review
No full textResearch and innovation are crucial in the process of achieving sustainable development goals. Given the significant role Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) play in research. Africa is still grappling with both the changing higher education global landscape and fostering of a research culture that addresses its own societal needs. This study explored the changing role of HEIs on research and innovation and the bottlenecks to its’ realisation in Africa. E-literature was searched from online databases mainly Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase and African Journals Online. The search strategy considered relevant content on the subject by use of keywords, purpose of the study and year of publication (2010 to 2021). Overall, the search yielded 889,264 results. From Google Scholar, 805,000 were found, ScienceDirect; 9196, PubMed; 1168, Embase; 63100, and African Journals Online; 10800. The Cochrane review protocol and the PRISMA flowchart were used to assess the relevance of these articles. Eventually, 107 full articles were critically analysed for legibility resulting in 16 studies, which were included. Research and innovation as well as the role of HEIs to the two are keywords of the time. This role has been changing to meet up with globalization demands and increase in population. While their indigenous role was co-creation of knowledge and transfer, they have of recent past surged to create innovation ecosystems, transfer technologies, promotion innovation and research and its’ management. They have gained an ascendancy in sustainability debates as engines of innovation most especially in science, technology, and human progress. This changing role has been compounded by shortcomings such as inadequate competences in the use of emerging ICTs, inadequate funding, curriculum content that does not clearly spell out practical life skills, innovation opportunities, and corporate social responsibility that is still very low. The changing role of HEIs in research in Africa is evidently clear and has been from creation of new knowledge and its transfer to one that is need-driven, entrepreneurial, transformational, and able to reconfigure the status of innovation systems for regional socio-economic transformation. The limitations to its realization could be mitigated through institutional collaboration, funding and customization of research
Application of the nonlinear autoregressive model with exogenous inputs for river level forecast in the Amazon
No full textThe present work is justified by three basic lines that involve the problem of the theme, which are the use of Artificial Intelligence, the problem of floods in the Amazon and the issue of technology in favor of decision making. The environmental impacts caused by economic and social factors are problems portrayed in scenarios such as floods and ebbs of rivers, bringing up situations such as an increase in diseases, reduction of agricultural production in locations that depend on accurate geological control, in addition to the increase in erosive processes. in risk locations. Thus, the use of AI to predict the river level, which consequently can minimize problems arising from floods that cause an environmental impact, is highly possible, since when it is known in advance that an event is close to happening, decisions can be taken so that the impacts be smaller. This work models and applies NARX to forecast the river level in the Amazon with variables of easy access and implementation through the MATLAB software, in order to contribute with a forecast model capable of predicting a possible flood from the river level.
Determinants of the degree of innovation in the industries listed on the B3
No full textThe study aims to identify the determinants of the degree of innovation of industries listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange - B3. To this end, it used as sample 129 industries that trade their shares on the B3. From the principal component analysis, it was found that the innovation indicators are combined into two distinct factors. Therefore, it can be said that the degree of innovation of the firms takes into account the combination of indicators referring to the innovation strategies of exploitation and exploration, and, by encompassing two distinct factors, it is valid to mention that the degree of innovation has a two-dimensional character, suggesting the existence of a synergy between the innovation strategies
Presentation of the levels of Gene Expression of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Caco-2/HT29-MTX, SAE, and THP-1 cells, using Bioinformatics tools (in silico)
No full textThe evolution of studies and learning about the functioning of the human genome made gene expression techniques increasingly explored and applied in recent years\u27 research. There is a need for a deeper understanding of these materials\u27 toxicology in bioinformatics and nanotechnology. Therefore, the present work aims to present the gene expression levels of three studies using three different human cell lines (co-culture of Caco-2/HT29-MTX, SAE, and THP-1 cells), submitted to NPs of carbon dioxide of titanium, via free bioinformatics tools, such as the Limma package (Bioconductor) and Reactome. The data were prepared and standardized by executing the Limma package (Bioconductor), and the results of the most and least expressed genes were used in Reactome. Results show the activation of some genes in common to the experiments, highlighting the co-culture samples of Caco-2/HT29-MTX and THP-1 cells treated with titanium dioxide Nps
Physical-chemical and microbial quality of the “Cerveja Caseira” (homebrewed beer) of Guarapuava/state of Paraná – Brazil
No full text“Cerveja caseira” is a homebrewed beer sold in the Guarapuava municipality (State of Paraná, Southern Brazil). It was introduced by Slavic immigrants and adapted to Brazilian ingredients, being much appreciated in the region and disseminated by popular knowledge. The objective of this research is a physical-chemical and microbial analysis of cerveja caseira produced and sold in Guarapuava. Fifty-six samples divided in 14 lots were acquired in October and November 2020 in streets, houses, commerce, and markets of Guarapuava. The physical-chemical analyses included the determination of the following parameters: color, pH, original extract, apparent extract, alcohol, density, bitterness, SO2, and calories. The microbial quality was assessed via counts of total aerobic mesophiles, total and thermotolerant coliforms, positive-coagulase Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas spp, Bacillus spp, molds, and yeasts. The physical-chemical results indicate the lack of standards for the cerveja caseira production, with ample variations regarding color, original and apparent extract, alcohol percentage, and bitterness. Regarding microbial quality, all cerveja caseira lots contained pathogens, mainly mesophiles, yeasts, and Staphylococcus aureus, but no total and thermotolerant coliforms, important contamination indicators. According to Brazilian beer-related regulations, only lot 4 could be commercialized, despite its high percentage of alcohol (2.5% v/v), which characterizes it as an alcoholic beverage, not suitable for consumption by children and adolescents. Cerveja caseira recipes have been passed on from generation to generation, adapted to the climate and to the products available in Brazil, being part of the cultural heritage of the western region of Paraná that should be preserved
Incidence Of Immunopreventable Diseases In Children Under Five Years Of Age: Analysis Of Vaccine Coverage And Homogeneity In The Midwest Of Brazil
Get PDFVaccination is one of the most effective and most controlled interventions in the occurrence of infectious diseases, and it is essential to analyze vaccination coverage and homogeneity between municipalities. The National Immunization Program (PNI), together with the Epidemiological Surveillance System in Brazil, seek to generate an impact on the control, elimination and even eradication of preventable diseases, immunizing the general population, especially children. This study aims to analyze vaccination coverage and homogeneity in the Midwest of Brazil and to relate to the incidence of immunopreventable diseases in children under five years of age. This is an ecological study, based on data from the Information System of the National Immunization Program (SI-PNI), for the period 2018-2022, analyzing the indicators of vaccination coverage, homogeneity and the incidence of immunopreventable diseases in children under five years of age
Consequences of alcohol and drug abuse among Chuka university students, Kenya
Get PDFThere is a drastic increase in alcohol and drug abuse, especially among the youth in many parts of the World.it has been reported that University students are the most affected by the challenge of alcohol and drug abuse the world over. According to National Campaign against Drug Abuse (NACADA), 84% of youth between 16 to 24 years in Kenya are involved in alcohol and drug abuse. University students fall under this age bracket. To mitigate this all universities in Kenya are required to have Alcohol and Drugs Abuse prevention committees and policies. This study aimed at finding out the effects of Alcohol and Drug Abuse among students at Chuka University. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population was 15,290 Chuka University students. A simple random sampling technique was employed to choose 384 respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 for windows was used to analyze data. Data was presented in frequency distribution tables, bar charts, and pie charts
Use Of the Open Journal System Platform: Ojs as A Tool for The Development of The Technological Showcase of The Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondônia (IFRO)
Get PDFAn institution that has a portfolio of intangible assets of intellectual property products may, through business planning and management, use it as a way to establish contracts and transfer technology to other organizations, enabling financial returns and partnerships. The present study proposes the creation of a technological showcase for the dissemination of the institution\u27s technology assets using the Open Journal System - OJS platform . The survey of intellectual property assets was carried out through prospecting in the Databases of the National Institute of Intellectual Property (INPI). The qualification of the technological showcases was carried out through the information present on the websites of 41 institutions of the Federal Network of Vocational and Technological Education. The use of the OJS Platform for the construction of the IFRO\u27s technological showcase was developed considering the criteria of usability, usefulness of the content, adequacy of information and accessibility and interaction (http://vitrinetecnologica.pvhzonanorte.ifro.edu.br)
Neurological changes post-covid-19 infection: signs and symptoms that remain
Get PDFSince 2019, humanity has faced the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 disease, caused by the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Respiratory symptoms of the disease were investigated and monitored worldwide, however, the nervous system lesions induced by COVID-19 did not receive as much attention. The aim of this study was to highlight the neurological alterations after infection of the new coronavirus, thus highlighting the symptoms that remained after Infection by SARS-CoV-2. The review shows relevant data on drugs and SARS-CoV-2, neurological alterations, complications and adverse effects related to COVID-19. At the time of writing this article, in mid-2022, SARS-CoV-2 is still spreading in several countries and infecting the population, leaving many people with temporary or permanent sequelae because of COVID-19
Usability of Immersive Technology for Education and Training of Firefighters in Brazil
Get PDFPractice-based training in realistic environments is important in preparing a firefighter. Live infrastructure simulation training with real fire and smoke, using real buildings and equipment, has been the only practice-based training format accepted and available, but sometimes with limitations. The integration of virtual re-ality and artificial intelligence can provide interaction for different fields of application and possibilities for complementary training. However, there is hesitation, often in doubt as to the real, often in fire situations. This article investigates how immersive VR supports cognitive processes and affects fidelity in firefighter training. The data were collected from 91 participating firefighters, including instructor officers and firefight-ers from Paraná and other states, participated in various scenarios, and real and virtual firefighting simula-tions. With tactile feedback, students used PPE for daily use at work and other equipment such as hoses and nozzles. In this bias, the usability of the immersive technology was compared with the real fire simulation performed in training containers. The results showed that tacit and explicit knowledge compared through VR can be shared correctly within the Fire Department facilities