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National Psychological Wellbeing and Distress Survey (NPWDS), 2008
This survey is the second survey in the HRB NPWDS. The first was carried out in the Republic of Ireland only in 2005/2006 (Tedstone Doherty et al. 2008). This second survey is the first population-based mental health survey that allows for direct comparisons between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. It is also the first study to provide important information as to the determinants of the use of GP services for the treatment of mental health problems. This survey, like the first, used a telephone survey methodology of the general population. Telephone numbers were drawn on a random probability basis and quotas were set for age, gender and social class. All interviews were carried out between 21 November and 17 December 2007. Millward Brown IMS, was the survey company used. The findings show: A higher prevalence of self-reported mental health problems in the North than in the Republic A higher use of psychotropic medication for the Northern Ireland than the Republic A higher proportion of people in Northern Ireland attended the GP for mental health problems than in the Republic There were no differences between the jurisdictions in the use of secondary mental health services or in the preferred sources of support which included the GP and family and friend
Benefacts Database of Irish Nonprofits 2015 - 2021
Benefacts Database of Irish Nonprofits was created by Benefacts CLG during the seven-year period 2015-2021 using records derived in the main from the public disclosures of nonprofit entities, public regulators, registrars and providers of public funding. No personal data is included in the database. Besides regulatory and compliance data (name, Eircode, regulatory status and numbers), the database also includes data derived where available from the constitutions of nonprofit organisations (the objects clause or purpose for which the nonprofit was established), and from their financial statements. This data was updated at least annually as nonprofits filed returns to their respective regulatory authorities including but not limited to the Companies Registration Office, Revenue, the Charities Regulatory Authority. The financial data was re-keyed by Benefacts own staff from third party documents retrieved from the Companies Office (companies, co-operatives, trades unions), the Library of the Houses of the Oireachtas (statutory bodies) and the Standards in Public Office Commission (political parties). While all reasonable care was taken by Benefacts in the digitisation of these records using documents retrieved from regulatory sources (mainly financial statements prepared by third parties) Benefacts did not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information contained and accepted no responsibility for errors or omissions. For each nonprofit listed, Benefacts also provided a unique identifier, an Eircode where available and a classification standard derived from international taxonomies promulgated by the UN and Eurostat for the purposes of the System of National Accounts. Benefacts built the Benefacts Database using Irish Public Sector Information. licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. The sources from which Benefacts derived the data were: Charities Regulatory Authority (for registered charities) – Benefacts accessed the open data files published and periodically updated by the Regulator with variable data for charities Companies Registration Office (for companies, friendly societies and trades unions) – Benefacts purchased a daily updated feed providing consistent company return data , along with image files for constitutions and financial statements from a re-seller under the terms of the CRO’s license terms Department of Education (for primary and secondary schools) – Benefacts consulted the Department’s website and updated its database annually Library of the Houses of the Oireachtas (for the financial statements of bodies -other than State bodies - established by statute) – Benefacts consulted the Library’s website and updated its database periodically Revenue (for the names of sports bodies and charities availing of tax relief) – Benefacts consulted Revenue.ie and updated its database quarterly Standards in Public Office Commission (for political parties) – Benefacts accessed the accounts of political parties from the SIPO’s website, and digitised their contents annually </ul
Replication Code: Varying the Content of Political Science Surveys to Improve the Survey Experience and Data Quality of Politically Disengaged Respondents. Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology.
The ReplicationFile.html contains all analyses reported in the cited article. The published R.Rmd files allow users to replicate the results. To access the data sets required for replication, a data use agreement is necessary. To reproduce the analyses, please follow these steps: 1. Place all R.Rmd files in a subfolder named scripts. 2. Required R packages are listed and loaded in 01am.Rmd. Please review this file to ensure that all necessary packages are installed before proceeding. Note that running 01am.Rmd will automatically create all required subfolders for the workflow. 3. For the files 02ppt.Rmd and 04pgp.Rmd, include the path to required data sets in the first code chunk of each file. 4. After making any necessary adjustments, you only need to run 12ren.Rmd. This file will source all other scripts and reproduce the analyses and results as described in the project. Required data sets: Bartholomäus, S., and Gummer, T. (2025). PrADePS Pretest (SDN-10.7802-2635; Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. https://doi.org/10.7802/2635 GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences (2024). GESIS Panel - Standard Edition (ZA5665; Version 54.0.0) [Data set]. https://doi.org/10.4232/1.14386 Respondents’ survey experience affects their answering and participation behavior and, consequently, measurement and nonresponse errors. Political science surveys especially suffer from biased estimates of political attitudes and behavior. Improving respondents’ survey experience by offering a more interesting and varied questionnaire poses a possible solution to this problem. In this regard, we break new ground by investigating whether improving politically disengaged respondents’ survey experience by including non-political survey content enhances data quality with respect to measurement and non-response errors in political science surveys. For this purpose, we conducted two survey experiments in a probability- and a nonprobability-based panel that varied the content of a political science questionnaire. This study provides the first evidence that offering a varied questionnaire rather than a purely political one lowered or even diminished the gap in measurement and nonresponse errors between politically engaged and disengaged respondents.The ReplicationFile.html contains all analyses reported in the cited article. The published R.Rmd files allow users to replicate the results. To access the data sets required for replication, a data use agreement is necessary. To reproduce the analyses, please follow these steps: 1. Place all R.Rmd files in a subfolder named scripts. 2. Required R packages are listed and loaded in 01am.Rmd. Please review this file to ensure that all necessary packages are installed before proceeding. Note that running 01am.Rmd will automatically create all required subfolders for the workflow. 3. For the files 02ppt.Rmd and 04pgp.Rmd, include the path to required data sets in the first code chunk of each file. 4. After making any necessary adjustments, you only need to run 12ren.Rmd. This file will source all other scripts and reproduce the analyses and results as described in the project. Required data sets: Bartholomäus, S., and Gummer, T. (2025). PrADePS Pretest (SDN-10.7802-2635; Version 1.0.0) [Data set]. https://doi.org/10.7802/2635 GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences (2024). GESIS Panel - Standard Edition (ZA5665; Version 54.0.0) [Data set]. https://doi.org/10.4232/1.14386 Respondents’ survey experience affects their answering and participation behavior and, consequently, measurement and nonresponse errors. Political science surveys especially suffer from biased estimates of political attitudes and behavior. Improving respondents’ survey experience by offering a more interesting and varied questionnaire poses a possible solution to this problem. In this regard, we break new ground by investigating whether improving politically disengaged respondents’ survey experience by including non-political survey content enhances data quality with respect to measurement and non-response errors in political science surveys. For this purpose, we conducted two survey experiments in a probability- and a nonprobability-based panel that varied the content of a political science questionnaire. This study provides the first evidence that offering a varied questionnaire rather than a purely political one lowered or even diminished the gap in measurement and nonresponse errors between politically engaged and disengaged respondents
PUSH*BACK*LASH European Gender Attitudes Harmonized Database (1981 – 2022)
The PUSHBACKLASH European Gender Attitudes Harmonized Database (1981–2022) integrates data from four major European cross-national survey programmes: the European Values Study (EVS), the European Social Survey (ESS), the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP), and the Eurobarometer (EB). Covering more than four decades of public opinion data, the dataset provides harmonised indicators of gender-role attitudes, equality beliefs, democratic satisfaction, political engagement, and key sociodemographic variables across European societies. The harmonisation process standardised coding, scale direction, and missing-value structures across 87 variables, offering both 4-point and 5-point versions of the main gender-attitude items. All source data derive from publicly available, probability-based surveys archived at GESIS and the official EVS and ESS data portals.The PUSHBACKLASH European Gender Attitudes Harmonized Database (1981–2022) integrates data from four major European cross-national survey programmes: the European Values Study (EVS), the European Social Survey (ESS), the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP), and the Eurobarometer (EB). Covering more than four decades of public opinion data, the dataset provides harmonised indicators of gender-role attitudes, equality beliefs, democratic satisfaction, political engagement, and key sociodemographic variables across European societies. The harmonisation process standardised coding, scale direction, and missing-value structures across 87 variables, offering both 4-point and 5-point versions of the main gender-attitude items. All source data derive from publicly available, probability-based surveys archived at GESIS and the official EVS and ESS data portals
Surface Groups Tanzania 1984-2021
This project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Strukturdaten 2022 (anonymisiert)
Die Aktualisierung der Verkehrsmodelle des ARE und der SBB, sowie neu zur Verfügung stehende Datenstände begründen die Aktualisierung der Synthetischen Population (SynPop). Das Ziel ist, harmonisierte Grundlagen für die Verkehrsmodellierung bereitzustellen. Eine SynPop beschreibt einen georeferenzierten Datensatz der Bevölkerung, Haushalte und Unternehmen, der demografische und sozioökonomische Attribute vorhält. Ein solcher Datensatz muss unter Anwendung statistischer Verfahren aus verschiedenen Datenquellen «synthetisch» erstellt werden, da keine öffentliche Statistik eine derart detaillierte Beschreibung der Personen und Haushalte bereitstellt.La mise à jour des modèles de transport de l'ARE et des CFF, ainsi que les nouvelles données disponibles, justifient l'actualisation de la population synthétique (SynPop). L'objectif est de mettre à disposition des bases harmonisées pour la modélisation des transports. Une SynPop décrit un ensemble de données géoréférencées de la population, des ménages et des entreprises, qui contient des attributs démographiques et socio-économiques. Un tel jeu de données doit être créé de manière « synthétique » à partir de différentes sources de données en utilisant des méthodes statistiques, car aucune statistique publique ne fournit une description aussi détaillée des personnes et des ménages.The ARE and SBB transport models are being updated, and new data sets are available, justifying the update of the synthetic population (SynPop). The aim is to provide a harmonised base for transport modelling. A SynPop describes a georeferenced dataset of the population, households and businesses, which contains demographic and socio-economic attributes. Such a dataset must be created synthetically using statistical methods from various data sources, since no public statistics provide such details
Merkmale der drei- und vierjährigen Schweizer Ausbildungsberufe (EFZ-Berufe)
At upper secondary level, the Swiss vocational education and training system offers around 230 different training programs. These programmes are regulated at the federal level and standardised across the country. Each programme is regulated by an ordinance and a curriculum framework, specifying a large number of aspects, such as educational aims, occupation-specific and general skills and competencies to be acquired, training duration and place, the subjects and number of lessons to be taught, the organization of exams etc. Thus, vocational education and training programs differ not only in terms of educational content, but also in terms of the institutional characteristics of the education and training. The aim of this project is to quantify these institutional characteristics, compile them in a database, and make them available for scientific research.Auf der Sekundarstufe II bietet das Schweizer Berufsbildungssystem rund 230 verschiedene Ausbildungsgänge an, die eidgenössisch geregelt sind. Dies bedeutet, dass Verordnungen und Bildungspläne der einzelnen Berufsausbildungen standardisiert und schweizweit gültig sind. Die Rahmenbedingungen der Ausgestaltung der beruflichen Grundbildung sind im Bundesgesetz über die Berufsbildung und in der Verordnung über die Berufsbildung festgelegt. Diese Vorschriften lassen jedoch Unterschiede in der Ausgestaltung der Ausbildung zwischen den Ausbildungsberufen zu, die sich beispielsweise auf formale Merkmale (Schul- und Praxisanteile, Ausbildungsdauer), die Art des Bildungsplans oder die Gestaltung des Qualifikationsverfahrens beziehen. Die Berufsausbildungen unterscheiden sich somit nicht nur bezüglich der Bildungsinhalte, sondern auch bezüglich der institutionellen Ausgestaltung der Ausbildung. Ziel dieses Projekts ist es, die in den Verordnungen und Bildungsplänen der einzelnen Ausbildungsberufe festgelegten institutionellen Merkmale zu quantifizieren, in einer Datenbank zusammenzutragen und für wissenschaftliche Forschung bereitzustellen
Surface Groups Colombia 1984-2023
This project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Selects 2023 Candidate Survey
The Swiss Election Study (Selects) 2023 consists of four complementary components: The Post-Election Survey (PES), the Panel Survey, the Candidate Survey, and the Media Analysis. The study design is largely inspired by Selects 2019. The PES and Candidate Survey are mixed-mode surveys (online/paper), with a push-to-web design, whereas the Panel Study is an online survey. In April 2022, a call for questions/modules was opened to allow researchers from Switzerland and abroad to include novel questions into one or different components of Selects. Ten out of 14 submitted proposals were selected by the Selects Commission after a review process conducted by internationally renowned election researchers, and were fully or partially integrated into one or several components of Selects 2023. The Selects surveys were approved by the Ethics commission of the University of Lausanne. Post-Election Survey (PES): The Post-Election Survey consists of 5033 respondents who answered the questionnaire in the period from 23 October 2023 to 12 January 2024. The survey was conducted in a sequential mixed mode with web offered as the first option: 90% responded in this way, while 10% responded by returning the paper questionnaire that was sent out with the second reminder to those that had not completed the web questionnaire. The sampling was based on a representative sample of around 2’600 Swiss citizens, with an oversampling of small cantons to have at least 50 respondents in every canton. An additional oversampling was done in the cantons of Geneva and Ticino thanks to additional funding from these cantons. The sample was drawn by the Federal Statistics Office from the SRPH. Sample members received an unconditional incentive (10 CHF in cash) that was sent out with the invitation letter. Module 6 Questionnaire of the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems was included into the PES. Panel Survey: The Panel Survey studies the evolution of opinion and vote intention/choice during the different phases of the election cycle. In 2023, three waves were conducted: the first before the main campaign period (June/early August), the second during the election campaign (September/October), and the third after the elections (October/November). The initial random sample (stratified by big region/NUTS II) was taken by the Federal Statistics Office from the SRPH. 8197 individuals responded to the first wave, 6077 to the second wave, and 5579 to the third wave. Conditional incentives were used in all three panel waves (lottery of 5x300 CHF in wave 1, 10 CHF in cash in waves 2 and 3). The Panel Survey will continue with annual follow-up waves until the 2027 elections. Wave 4 took place between 23 September and 4 November 2024, with 4'919 respondents. Candidate Survey: The Candidate Survey was carried out among all candidates for the National Council and the Council of States in the framework of the international Comparative Candidate Survey (CCS) project, based on the Round III questionnaire. The survey collects data on the biography, campaign activities, and policy position of the candidates. Among others, the information gathered makes possible the study of underlying factors of candidates’ electoral success, as well as of issues of representation and linkage between voters and elites. In 2023, 2527 out of 5997 candidates participated in the Candidate Survey. This survey was conducted by FORS in collaboration with Politools and the University of Bern. Media Analysis: On behalf of Selects, the Center for Research & Methods at the University of Applied Sciences in Business Administration Zurich (HWZ) conducted a Media Analysis. The Media Analysis is a supplement to the Panel Survey and makes it possible to analyse the election campaign in the media and its influence on voters' opinion formation. A media study has been part of Selects since 2003. In 2023, 116 daily or weekly newspapers (print and online) were content-analyzed in the period between 1 May 2023 and 31 October 2023
Data of the EMOKK study 2022-2024
Il progetto di ricerca studia lo sviluppo delle competenze motorie di base nei bambini delle scuole dell’infanzia e delle scuole elementari in svizzera. Quali fattori individuali, scolastici ed extrascolastici influenzano lo sviluppo motorio dei bambini? Ci sono delle differenze nelle singole regioni linguistiche riguardanti le competenze motorie dei bambini? Competenze motorie di base come ad esempio lanciare, saltare oppure correre sono prerequisiti centrali per la partecipazione alla cultura dello sport e del movimento. Queste sono ancorate come importanti competenze disciplinari nei diversi piani di studio dell’educazione fisica e sportiva delle tre regioni linguistiche svizzere. Il progetto di ricerca ha l’obiettivo di accompagnare e spiegare lo sviluppo delle competenze motorie di base dei bambini nelle scuole dell’infanzia e nelle scuole elementari in Svizzera sull’arco di diversi anni. Oltre a fattori individuali ed extrascolastici che influenzano lo sviluppo motorio, vengono anche studiati fattori legati alla scuola – fattori fin’ ora non oggetto di studi scientifici. Inoltre, il progetto indaga sulla presenza di differenze culturali riguardanti lo sviluppo motorio dei bambini. Le domande principali del progetto sono: (1) Quale è il livello di competenza motoria dei bambini delle scuole dell’infanzia e delle scuole elementari nelle diverse regioni linguistiche? (2) Come si sviluppano le competenze motorie di base in relazione ai fattori scolastici ed extrascolastici? (3) Quale è la correlazione tra il potenziale d’ apprendimento e le competenze trasversali del bambino e lo sviluppo delle sue competenze motorie? Nell’ambito del progetto di ricerca verranno estrapolati per la prima volta risultati empirici su relazioni e interrelazioni tra le competenze disciplinari e quelle trasversali nell’ educazione fisica. In questo modo si potranno determinare i fattori di influenza scolastici ed extrascolastici, che sono di grande importanza per il raggiungimento delle competenze motorie. Enti e istituti educativi potranno quindi usare questi risultati per adattare le loro offerte sia all’interno che al di fuori delle lezioni di educazione fisica vere e proprie e per implementare sistematicamente misure di supporto. Inoltre, i risultati possono servire come riferimento per la formazione di base e quella continua degli insegnanti nelle scuole e nelle università e contribuire in questo modo allo sviluppo qualitativo della ricerca e della formazione didattico-sportiva.This research project investigates how preschool and primary school children in Switzerland develop basic motor competencies. What individual, scholastic, and out-of-school factors influence motor development in children? Are there differences in the individual language regions regarding motor competencies? Basic motor competencies like throwing, jumping, and running are key prerequisites for engaging in physical activities and sports. As such, they are anchored in the curricula in all of Switzerland’s language regions as important competencies to be attained in physical education lessons. This research project aims to observe and explain how basic motor competencies of preschool and primary school children in Switzerland develop over the course of several years. In addition to individual and out-of-school factors that influence motor development, scholastic factors are examined—elements which have not yet been the focus of research. In addition, the project explores whether there are cultural differences in childhood motor development. The focus is placed on the following questions: (1) What basic motor competencies do preschool and primary school children have in the various language regions? (2) What is the interrelationship between scholastic and out-of-school influences and the development of basic motor competencies? (3) What is the connection between how children develop motor competencies and their overall learning potential and general competencies? For the first time, empirical findings will be gained on the connections and interrelationships between subject-specific and general competencies in physical education lessons, thus enabling identification of those scholastic and out-of-school influences that play a role in the acquisition of motor competencies. Educational institutions can use the findings to adapt activities in and outside the classroom and to systematically develop measures to foster physical abilities. In addition, the findings can serve as a point of reference in programs for teacher training and professional development and help to improve the quality of physical education research and teacher education.Le projet de recherche porte sur le développement des compétences motrices de base chez les enfants des premiers degrés de l’école primaire en Suisse. Quels sont les facteurs individuels, scolaires et extrascolaires qui influencent le développement moteur des enfants ? Existe-t-il des différences dans les compétences motrices entre enfants de différentes régions linguistiques du pays? Les compétences motrices de base comme courir, sauter et lancer constituent une condition essentielle pour participer à la culture de l’activité physique et du sport. Ces compétences sont figurent aux trois plans d'études régionaux en tant que compétences disciplinaires importantes de l’éducation physique et sportive à l’école. Le projet de recherche vise à décrire et comprendre, par un suivi sur plusieurs années, le développement des compétences motrices de base des enfants de 4 à 8 ans en Suisse. Outre les facteurs individuels et extrascolaires qui influencent le développement moteur, les facteurs liés à l'école seront également étudiés, ceux-ci n’ayant pas encore fait l'objet d'études scientifiques longitudinales. En outre, le projet vise à déterminer s'il existe des différences culturelles dans le développement moteur des enfants. Les principales questions du projet sont les suivantes : (1) Quel est le niveau de compétence motrice des enfants du premier cycle de l'école primaire dans les différentes régions linguistiques ? (2) Comment les habiletés motrices de base se développent-elles en relation avec les facteurs scolaires et extrascolaires ? (3) Quelle est la relation entre le potentiel d'apprentissage d'un enfant ainsi que ses compétences transversales et le développement des habiletés motrices ? Par cette recherche inédite, des connaissances issues de données empiriques portant sur les relations et les interdépendances entre les compétences disciplinaires de l’éducation physique et sportive et les capacités transversales pourront être étudiées. Ainsi, il sera possible de déterminer les facteurs scolaires et extrascolaires qui influencent significativement l'acquisition d'habiletés motrices. Les organes en charge de la politique scolaire pourront utiliser les résultats pour adapter les dispositifs scolaires et extrascolaires et pour déployer des mesures de promotion du mouvement. Par ailleurs, les institutions de formation d’enseignant.e.s pourront se référer aux résultats de la recherche dans le cadre de la formation initiale et continue des enseignants. Enfin, le projet EMOKK aspire à contribuer au développement de la qualité de la recherche et de la formation en didactique de l’éducation physique et sportive.Das Forschungsprojekt untersucht die Entwicklung der motorischen Basiskompetenzen von Kindergarten- und Primarschulkindern in der Schweiz. Welche individuellen, schulischen und ausserschulischen Faktoren beeinflussen die motorische Entwicklung von Kindern? Gibt es Unterschiede in den einzelnen Sprachregionen hinsichtlich der motorischen Kompetenzen der Kinder? Motorische Basiskompetenzen wie Werfen, Springen oder Laufen sind zentrale Voraussetzung für die Teilhabe an der Bewegungs- und Sportkultur. In den sprachregionalen Schweizer Lehrplänen sind sie im Fach Bewegung und Sport als bedeutsame fachliche Kompetenzen verankert. Das Forschungsprojekt hat zum Ziel, die Entwicklung der motorischen Basiskompetenzen von Kindergarten- und Primarschulkindern in der Schweiz über mehrere Jahre zu begleiten und zu erklären. Neben individuellen und ausserschulischen Faktoren, die die motorische Entwicklung beeinflussen, werden auch schulische Einflussfaktoren untersucht – diese waren bisher noch nicht Gegenstand von wissenschaftlichen Studien. Ausserdem geht das Projekt der Frage nach, ob es in Bezug auf die motorische Entwicklung der Kinder kulturelle Unterschiede gibt. Im Zentrum stehen die folgenden übergeordneten Fragen: (1) Welches motorische Kompetenzniveau besitzen Kindergarten- und Primarschulkinder in den unterschiedlichen Sprachregionen? (2) Wie entwickeln sich die motorischen Basiskompetenzen in Abhängigkeit von schulischen und ausserschulischen Einflussfaktoren? (3) In welchem Zusammenhang stehen das Lernpotential und die überfachlichen Kompetenzen des Kindes mit dessen motorischer Kompetenzentwicklung? Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts werden erstmals empirische Erkenntnisse über die Zusammenhänge und Wechselbeziehungen zwischen fachlichen und überfachlichen Kompetenzen im Fach Bewegung und Sport erarbeitet. Somit können schulische und ausserschulische Einflussfaktoren bestimmt werden, die für das Erreichen motorischer Kompetenzen bedeutsam sind. Bildungsinstitutionen können diese Erkenntnisse nutzen, um Angebote im und ausserhalb des Unterrichts anzupassen und systematisch Fördermassnahmen zu ergreifen. Zudem können die Erkenntnisse als Orientierungsgrundlage für die Aus- und Fortbildung von Lehrpersonen an Schulen und Hochschulen dienen und einen Beitrag zur Qualitätsentwicklung sportdidaktischer Forschung und Ausbildung leisten