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Surface Groups Bhutan 1984-2023
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Surface Groups Costa Rica 1984-2023
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Surface Groups Mauritius 1984-2021
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Surface Groups Zimbabwe 1984-2021
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Intervention Study on Speech-to-Text and Dyslexia
No full textAn intervention study with pre- and post-test design was conducted to investigate whether Speech-to-Text (STT) can be beneficially applied to reduce barriers for students affected by dyslexia. The intervention lasted for 18 weeks and comprised of three groups: experimental groups (EG) 1 and 2 and a control group (CG). The 118 participants were in their 5th year of primary school and had been diagnosed with dyslexia prior to the study. The examined variables were text quality, text length, writing and reading fluency, and writing motivation. A qualitative component was added to the intervention study to explore the challenges of using this technology in the classroom. To this end, eleven guided interviews were conducted with speech and language therapists, teachers and special needs teachers of EG 1. In addition, students of EG 1 answered questions about their experiences with STT.Das Forschungsprojekt untersucht in einer Interventionsstudie mit Pre-/Postdesign, ob und in welcher Form der Einsatz der Spracherkennungstechnologie für Schüler:innen mit Lese-Rechtschreib-Störung eine wirkungsvolle Möglichkeit ist, ihre Nachteile auszugleichen. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine Spracherkennungssoftware eingesetzt, mit der die Schüler:innen im Schreibunterricht arbeiten. Die Wirksamkeit des Gebrauchs der Software wird anhand verschiedener Variablen untersucht. Einerseits wird beobachtet, ob sich die Textqualität und die Schreibmotivation verändert. Andererseits wird analysiert, ob sich der Einsatz der Software positiv auf die Schreibflüssigkeit oder die Leseflüssigkeit auswirkt. Das Projekt geht ausserdem der Frage nach, wie ein technologisches Hilfsmittel in der Schule eingeführt werden muss, damit es zu Lernerfolg führt und von Kind und Umfeld akzeptiert wird
Résumés de colloques publics concernant l'éducation numérique
No full textThe main question addressed in this project is: How and why is trust in robots established in schools? The following studies provide an interdisciplinary answer: on the one hand, an analysis of filmed interactions between students, teachers and educational robots, combined with the realization of new pedagogical experiments; and on the other hand, the analysis of public policies in the educational field.Comment et pourquoi s’établit la confiance dans les robots à l’école ? Voici la question centrale du projet. Combinant l’analyse des interactions filmées entre élèves, enseignants et robots éducationnels avec la réalisation de nouvelles expériences pédagogiques d’une part, et l’analyse des politiques publiques de l’éducation, de l’autre, notre projet donne une réponse interdisciplinaire
Surface Groups Niger 1984-2021
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
COINS: Gesamtdatensatz zur schriftlichen Befragung der Lehrpersonen (Schweiz & Deutschland)
No full textDas Projekt knüpft an die Erkenntnisse aus dem SNF-Projekt zur „Instruktionssensitivität von Testitems in der Pädagogisch-Psychologischen Diagnostik“ (2015 bis 2019) an. Während es im ersten Projekt (Daten ebenfalls über SWISSUbase verfügbar, Ref. 13160) um die Frage der Messung der Instruktionssensitivität von Testitems ging, steht in diesem SNF-Projekt die Konstruktion instruktionssensitiver Testitems im Fokus. Wie lassen sich instruktionssensitive Testitems konstruieren? Im Rahmen des neuen SNF-Projekts zur Konstruktion instruktionssensitiver Testitems steht die Identifizierung von Itemmerkmalen im Fokus, welche die Instruktionssensitivität von Testitems bedingen. Was unterscheiden instruktionssensitive Items von nicht instruktionssensitiven Items? Für die Bearbeitung dieser Fragestellung sollen in einem ersten Schritt Itemmerkmale mithilfe von Mathematik-Expertinnen und -Experten identifiziert werden. In einem zweiten Schritt erfolgt die empirische Überprüfung der identifizierten Itemmerkmale anhand von Leistungsdaten der Schülerinnen und Schüler sowie Daten zum Unterricht. Erkenntnisse darüber, welche Itemmerkmale die Instruktionssensitivität von Testitems bedingen, ist für eine ökonomische Erstellung neuer instruktionssensitiver Tests bzw. Testitems von grossem Wert. Die Ergebnisse richten sich insbesondere an Interessierte aus der empirischen Bildungsforschung und der pädagogischen Psychologie. Das binationale Forschungsprojekt ist an der Pädagogischen Hochschule St.Gallen (Prof. Dr. Jan Hochweber, Dr. Stephanie Leininger und Dr. Stephan Schönenberger) und am DIPF | Leibniz-Institut für Bildungsforschung und Bildungsinformation in Frankfurt a. M. (Prof. Dr. Johannes Hartig, Dr. Marit Kristine List und Dr. Alexander Naumann) verortet. Prof. Dr. Maria Araceli Ruiz-Primo von der Stanford University und Stephan Schönenberger von der Pädagogischen Hochschule Thurgau / Pädagogischen Hochschule St. Gallen sind offizielle Kooperationspartner und werden mit ihrer fachlichen Expertise im Bereich der Test- und Itemkonstruktion wesentlich zur erfolgreichen Umsetzung des Projekts beitragen.The project builds on the findings of the SNSF project "Instructional Sensitivity of Test Items in Educational Testing" (2015 to 2019). While the first project dealt with the question of how to measure the instructional sensitivity of test items, the new SNSF project focuses on the construction of instructionally sensitive test items. How can instructionally sensitive test items be constructed? The SNSF project on the construction of instructionally sensitive test items focuses on the identification of item characteristics that determine the instructional sensitivity of test items. What distinguishes instructionally sensitive test items from test items which are not? In a first step, potentially relevant item characteristics will be identified with the help of mathematics experts. In a second step, the identified item characteristics’ relationship to instructional sensitivity will be empirically tested using student performance data and teaching data. Findings about which item characteristics determine the instructional sensitivity of test items are of great value for the economical construction of new instructionally sensitive tests or test items. The results are particularly aimed at interested parties from empirical educational research and educational psychology. The binational research project is conducted at St.Gallen University of Teacher Education (Prof. Dr. Jan Hochweber, Dr. Stephanie Leininger, and Prof. Dr. Stephan Schönenberger) and at the DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education in Frankfurt a. M. (Prof. Dr. Johannes Hartig, Dr. Marit Kristine List, and Dr. Alexander Naumann). Prof. Dr. Maria Araceli Ruiz-Primo from Stanford University is an official cooperation partner and will contribute significantly to the successful implementation of the project with her professional expertise in the field of test and item construction
Enquête auprès des participant∙e∙s à des festivals écologiques à Lausanne et Genève en 2018
No full textCette recherche part d’une double intuition dans le contexte suisse actuel: d’un côté une progressive «spiritualisation» de l’écologie et l'émergence de nouveaux acteurs, événements et productions culturelles à mi-chemin entre le registre du spirituel et de l’environnemental, et de l’autre côté une «écologisation» du religieux et du spirituel sous des formes inédites de discours et de collaboration avec la société-civile. Dans ces processus, des personnalités, parfois scientifiques, politiques ou culturelles, des institutions, des activistes et productions culturelles opèrent comme médiations entre religieux et séculier. Commençant par une évaluation empirique de cette intuition et une revue de la littérature, cette recherche vise à comprendre sous quelles formes s’opèrent ces engagements «verts» du religieux et du spirituel et comment en retour les milieux de l’écologie (politique et scientifique) deviennent perméables à ces registres du religieux et du spirituel. Différents cas d’étude sont choisis en Suisse sélectionnés parmi un ensemble d’évènements publics et/ou d’initiatives culturelles et scientifiques qui adoptent le discours de «spiritualisation» respectivement d’activités religieuses/spirituelles investies dans l’écologie. Des entretiens, des observations et de la documentation seront recueillis et analysés de manière critique. Cette étude sociologique porte sur un objet de très grande actualité, ce qui la rend particulièrement intéressante aux yeux de tout un public sensible aux enjeux écologiques. Les résultats déboucheront sur un doctorat ainsi que sur des publications et présentations scientifiques.The background of this research project is the current observation in Switzerland about, firstly, a progressive «spiritualisation» of discourses on ecology and the emergence of new actors, events and cultural productions mixing up spiritual and environmental arguments. Secondly, religious and spiritual actions are increasingly oriented towards «ecological» arguments and give rise to new forms of collaborations within civil society. This projects aims at documenting this double process and questioning its consequences at different levels, such as the changing separation between religion and the secular. It focuses on the mediations and mediators of the process by approaching them at three levels: individual, institutional and social-cultural
COINS: Gesamtdatensatz zur schriftlichen Befragung der Schülerinnen und Schüler (Schweiz & Deutschland)
No full textDas Projekt knüpft an die Erkenntnisse aus dem SNF-Projekt zur „Instruktionssensitivität von Testitems in der Pädagogisch-Psychologischen Diagnostik“ (2015 bis 2019) an. Während es im ersten Projekt (Daten ebenfalls über SWISSUbase verfügbar, Ref. 13160) um die Frage der Messung der Instruktionssensitivität von Testitems ging, steht in diesem SNF-Projekt die Konstruktion instruktionssensitiver Testitems im Fokus. Wie lassen sich instruktionssensitive Testitems konstruieren? Im Rahmen des neuen SNF-Projekts zur Konstruktion instruktionssensitiver Testitems steht die Identifizierung von Itemmerkmalen im Fokus, welche die Instruktionssensitivität von Testitems bedingen. Was unterscheiden instruktionssensitive Items von nicht instruktionssensitiven Items? Für die Bearbeitung dieser Fragestellung sollen in einem ersten Schritt Itemmerkmale mithilfe von Mathematik-Expertinnen und -Experten identifiziert werden. In einem zweiten Schritt erfolgt die empirische Überprüfung der identifizierten Itemmerkmale anhand von Leistungsdaten der Schülerinnen und Schüler sowie Daten zum Unterricht. Erkenntnisse darüber, welche Itemmerkmale die Instruktionssensitivität von Testitems bedingen, ist für eine ökonomische Erstellung neuer instruktionssensitiver Tests bzw. Testitems von grossem Wert. Die Ergebnisse richten sich insbesondere an Interessierte aus der empirischen Bildungsforschung und der pädagogischen Psychologie. Das binationale Forschungsprojekt ist an der Pädagogischen Hochschule St.Gallen (Prof. Dr. Jan Hochweber, Dr. Stephanie Leininger und Dr. Stephan Schönenberger) und am DIPF | Leibniz-Institut für Bildungsforschung und Bildungsinformation in Frankfurt a. M. (Prof. Dr. Johannes Hartig, Dr. Marit Kristine List und Dr. Alexander Naumann) verortet. Prof. Dr. Maria Araceli Ruiz-Primo von der Stanford University und Stephan Schönenberger von der Pädagogischen Hochschule Thurgau / Pädagogischen Hochschule St. Gallen sind offizielle Kooperationspartner und werden mit ihrer fachlichen Expertise im Bereich der Test- und Itemkonstruktion wesentlich zur erfolgreichen Umsetzung des Projekts beitragen.The project builds on the findings of the SNSF project "Instructional Sensitivity of Test Items in Educational Testing" (2015 to 2019). While the first project dealt with the question of how to measure the instructional sensitivity of test items, the new SNSF project focuses on the construction of instructionally sensitive test items. How can instructionally sensitive test items be constructed? The SNSF project on the construction of instructionally sensitive test items focuses on the identification of item characteristics that determine the instructional sensitivity of test items. What distinguishes instructionally sensitive test items from test items which are not? In a first step, potentially relevant item characteristics will be identified with the help of mathematics experts. In a second step, the identified item characteristics’ relationship to instructional sensitivity will be empirically tested using student performance data and teaching data. Findings about which item characteristics determine the instructional sensitivity of test items are of great value for the economical construction of new instructionally sensitive tests or test items. The results are particularly aimed at interested parties from empirical educational research and educational psychology. The binational research project is conducted at St.Gallen University of Teacher Education (Prof. Dr. Jan Hochweber, Dr. Stephanie Leininger, and Prof. Dr. Stephan Schönenberger) and at the DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education in Frankfurt a. M. (Prof. Dr. Johannes Hartig, Dr. Marit Kristine List, and Dr. Alexander Naumann). Prof. Dr. Maria Araceli Ruiz-Primo from Stanford University is an official cooperation partner and will contribute significantly to the successful implementation of the project with her professional expertise in the field of test and item construction