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No full textThis research aims to advance knowledge on the causes, processes, and perspectives for change related to the social and political exclusion of unemployed youth. It has three main objectives: (1) to generate a new body of data on young unemployed (in particular, young long-term unemployed), but also precarious youth; (2) to advance theory and extend knowledge on the social and political exclusion of young unemployed; and (3) to provide practical insights into the potential paths for the social and political integration of young unemployed. The overall design of the research has three main components: (1) a multidimensional theoretical framework that combines macro-level, meso-level, and micro-level explanatory factors while taking into account various dimensions of exclusion (social and political exclusion, individual well-being); (2) a cross-national comparative design that includes European countries with different institutional approaches to unemployment (France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Sweden, and Switzerland); (3) an integrated methodological approach based on multiple sources and methods (analysis of state and EU policies and practices towards unemployment, a survey of organizations active in the field, a survey of young long-term unemployed and precarious youth, in-depth interviews with young long-term unemployed, and focus groups with stakeholders). Three important features of the proposed research underscore its innovative impact: (1) its comparative approach allowing for bench-marking and best-practice analysis; (2) its multidimensional approach allowing to consider the mediating impact of (European, national, or local) public policy on the way people cope with their situation of unemployed; (3) its interactive research process spurring policy-learning by bringing together different expertise and knowledge, and allowing at the same time for the transfer of scientific findings into policy recommendations
Surface Groups Sierra Leone 1984-2021
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
CCSA: Survey of Teachers, Canton of Bern, Switzerland (2024-2025)
No full textThe study CCSA ("Cross-Cutting Skills Assessment In Secondary School Practice") is a research project at the University of Bern. The primary objective of CCSA is to contribute to educational research in Switzerland and Ukraine, with a focus on reforming education goals and teaching methods at the secondary school level. CCSA's first aim is to investigate the practice of cross-cutting skills assessment in secondary schools in Switzerland and Ukraine (on the ISCED level 2) to develop a better understanding of the success factors and teachers’ needs in cross-cutting skills assessment activities. For this purpose, the CCSA field trial is designed to answer the following questions: How do teachers in Switzerland and Ukraine perceive the importance of specific cross-cutting skills for their students' future life in society? Which cross-cutting skills are currently fostered by teachers in the classroom in the countries surveyed? What strategies do teachers in Switzerland and Ukraine use for assessing students’ cross-cutting skills, and how do they document these assessments? What are the needs of teachers in Switzerland and Ukraine regarding the promotion and assessment of cross-cutting skills? What school- and country-specific differences and similarities can be recognized concerning future requirements, current teaching practices, and the needs of teachers? The study of the project's issues from the perspective of schoolteachers and experts (scientists and didactics specialists) enables a comprehensive analysis within the respective educational environments. The summarization of existing experience and pedagogical knowledge can be beneficial to Ukrainian and Swiss teachers, as well as students in both countries studying at pedagogical institutions. CCSA, therefore, aims to provide a data source for researchers and educational policymakers to support the development of practical materials for teachers based on the analysis of current practices for assessing cross-cutting skills in the learning process of secondary school students
WiPe-Sport: Pilotierung Instrumentenentwicklung
No full textThe SNF project "From Knowledge to Performance in Physical Education: Prospective PE-teachers’ transformation of competences" (WiPe-Sport; Project No. 100019_192397) investigated the transformation process from classroom management-related knowledge to classroom management-related performance in prospective primary school teachers in the subject of Physical Education, based on a model (see Baumgartner, 2022; Blömeke et al., 2015). The project addressed the following two research questions: a) What relationships exist between the three competency facets of classroom management-related knowledge, classroom management-related perception, interpretation, and decision-making (WIE), and classroom management-related performance (first research question)? b) To what extent can the three developmental components increase the quality of performance (dependent variable): 1) improvement of (classroom management-related) knowledge, 2) improvement of WIE, and 3) practice of implementing the classroom management-related quality dimensions (see Baumgartner et al., 2020) in one's own teaching practice through deliberate practice (see Ericsson et al., 1993) (second research question; see project proposal science part, p. 1)? The project included an initial phase of developing and validating the test and assessment instruments (knowledge test; (video vignette-based) test to assess perception, interpretation, and decision-making (WIE)). In the second phase, the intervention (main study), a quasi-experimental intervention study was conducted, based on a four-level main factor intervention group (IG1-4) and a two-level main effect measurement time point (t0-1; 4x2-factor model). The dependent variable (DV) represents the quality of classroom management-related performance of the prospective teachers (see Baumgartner et al., 2020). The independent variables (IVs) are the measurement time points (t0-1) and the intervention groups (IG1-4). All participants in the four intervention groups (IGs) completed an internship; IG2-4 received additional knowledge provision, IG3-4 also had an intervention on situated perception, interpretation, and decision-making (WIE), and IG4 was supported in practicing the implementation of the quality criteria in their own practice through coaching and video-based feedback from instructors.Das SNF-Projekt «Zum Transformationsprozess von Wissen zu Performanz bei angehenden Lehrpersonen am Beispiel der Klassenführung im Sportunterricht – eine Interventionsstudie» (WiPe-Sport; Projektnr. Nr. 100019_192397) untersuchte den Transformationsprozess vom klassenführungsbezogenen Wissen zur klassenführungsbezogenen Performanz bei angehenden Primarlehrpersonen im Fach Bewegung und Sport modellbezogen (vgl. Baumgartner, 2022; Blömeke et al., 2015). Das durchgeführte Projekt bearbeitete die beiden Forschungsfragen, a) welche Zusammenhänge zwischen den drei Kompetenzfacetten des klassenführungsbezogenen Wissens, der klassenführungsbezogenen Wahrnehmung, Interpretation und Entscheidung (WIE) und der klassenführungsbezogenen Performanzen bestehen (erster Forschungsfragenkomplex) sowie b) inwiefern die Qualität der Performanzen (AV) durch die drei Entwicklungskomponenten 1) der Verbesserung des (jeweils klassenführungsbezogen) Wissens, 2) der Verbesserung der WIE sowie 3) der Übung der Umsetzung der klassenführungsbezogenen Qualitätsdimensionen (vgl. Baumgartner et al., 2020) in der eigenen Unterrichtspraxis im Sinne einer deliberate practice (vgl. Ericsson et al., 1993) erhöht werden kann (zweiter Forschungsfragenkomplex; vgl. Projektantrag science part, S. 1). Das Projekt umfasste eine erste Phase der Entwicklung und der Validierung der Test- und Erhebungsinstrumente (Wissenstest; (videovignettenbezogener) Test zur Erfassung der Wahrnehmung, Interpretation und Entscheidung (WIE)). In der zweiten Phase, der Intervention (Hauptuntersuchung), wurde eine quasi-experimentelle Interventionsstudie durchgeführt, die auf einem vierstufigen Hauptfaktor Interventionsgruppe (IG1-4) und einem zweistufigen Haupteffekt Messzeitpunkt (t0-1; 4x2-Faktorenmodell) basiert. Die abhängige Variable (AV) stellt die Qualität der klassenführungsbezogenen Performanz der angehenden Lehrpersonen dar (vgl. Baumgartner et al., 2020). Als unabhängige Variablen (UV) gelten die Messzeitpunkte (t0-1) und die Interventionsgruppen (IG1-4). Alle Teilnehmer:innen der vier Interventionsgruppen (IGs) absolvierten ein Praktikum; IG2-4 erhielten zusätzliche Wissensvermittlung, IG3-4 zudem eine Intervention zur situierten Wahrnehmung, Interpretation und Entscheidung (WIE) und IG4 wurde beim gezielten Üben der Umsetzung der Qualitätskriterien in der eigenen Praxis durch Coaching und videobasiertes Feedback durch Dozierende unterstützt
DDS21, Cross Sectional Survey Wave 4: Popular Vote on 22.09.2024
No full textDespite the fact that Switzerland is the country of direct democracy par excellence, research on citizens’ voting behaviour is currently underdeveloped in terms of continuity and methodological innovation. The project "Direct Democracy in Switzerland in the 21st century" (DDS21) addresses these shortcomings. It aims at contributing to a better understanding of citizens’ opinion formation and vote decisions in direct democracy in Switzerland, but also more generally. To that end, the project examines the role of four crucial determinants that have been neglected in the scholarly literature so far: advertisements and digital media used in voting campaigns, as well as citizens’ moral attitudes and political sophistication. Specific research questions will be analysed within four working packages (WP). WP1 considers the campaign influence on individual mobilization and voting behaviour by looking at advertisements. WP2 studies the use of digital media and its influence on citizen mobilization and opinion formation. WP3 analyses to what extent moral attitudes such as ‘just world beliefs’, ‘explanations for poverty’, as well as intuitive ‘moral foundations’ affect vote decisions. WP4 will develop innovative measures of political sophistication and link them to news consumption, political attitudes, and decision-making strategies. Data used by the WPs will be collected through an integrated multi-method design that combines classical surveys with an innovative feed-in panel design as well as focus groups. More specifically, a post-votation survey generates the basis for analysing vote decisions after each ballot. This survey then feeds into a long-term panel. Moreover, for two federal votes, a short-term panel will be implemented, with a pre-campaign and a post-campaign wave. Survey data will be combined with insights from focus groups. This longitudinal survey of citizens can be considered a major innovation in research on direct democracy, since such data do not exist neither in Switzerland nor abroad. The panel structure allows to study change and stability at the individual level across various ballot propositions. By focusing on the Swiss case, this project takes advantage of the frequency of popular votes in this country that facilitates planning and conducting of empirical research on direct democracy. More precisely, data will be collected for twelve federal votes that take place during the project. The project is carried out by researchers from five universities (Zurich, Bern, Basel, Lausanne, Geneva), FORS and ZDA. The leading house is the Center for Democracy in Aarau, and FORS is in charge of data collection and methodology. Moreover, project partners come from all Swiss political science department plus the Liechtenstein Institute
Surface Groups Nicaragua 1984-2023
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Surface Groups Antigua and Barbuda 1984-2023
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Sexuality-incentives
No full textDuring the data collection process of the “Sexual health and behavior of young people in Switzerland” survey conducted in 2017, an unconditional incentive (a pen) was given to a part of the sample. A reminder letter was also sent to another part of the sample. Overall, n=49’798 people aged 24-26 were contacted to participate in the survey, but only 5’618 answered the questionnaire in full. In this project, we analyze the effect of both measures on the response rate
Surface Groups Madagascar 1984-2021
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Intelligente Wohntechnologie, Erwachsene und Pflege: Förderung der Akzeptanz in der Bevölkerung und Abgrenzung der Verantwortlichkeiten
No full textThe Swiss older adult population, aged 65 years or older, stands at 18%, representing 1.5 million older persons in the country. The demographic challenges brought mostly by an ageing population imply that the old-age dependency ratio is a major concern. The increasing number of older adults mean more healthcare demands, greater healthcare costs, and high caregiving burden. Our society today faces a difficult situation where we find it hard to address the needs of the rising number of older persons. One of the proposed solutions to remedy this alarming situation is smart home health technology. These technologies could help decrease costs of maintaining older people and securing their safety, both at home and in institutions. However, many social and ethical issues have been raised with the use of such technologies, amongst others, informed consent/autonomy, privacy, data safety, gaps in information and support about use and access to smart home technologies; and fears that such technology may replace the much-needed human contact. To the best of our knowledge, little is known on how the Swiss population views the acceptance of smart home health technologies for elder care. Thus, our project, RESOURCE, will critically evaluate the knowledge, willingness, and concerns associated with the use of smart home technologies in the care of older persons, particularly, the ethical and social concerns. The project has three specific objectives and uses a mixed-method approach coupled with normative-empirical analysis. Module 1 includes qualitative methods where we will first capture the knowledge, attitudes, and wishes of the direct end-users (the older persons at home or in nursing homes) and their caregivers (both family members and healthcare professionals). Module 2 includes population survey based in the findings of the previous module and available literature to derive generalizable knowledge from the Swiss population. In this module we will gather representative data about the Swiss population's knowledge, understanding, and acceptance of smart home solutions in the care of older persons. Furthermore, the key ethical and social findings from the above two modules will feed into our normative-empirical analysis (Module 3), where the goal is to refine recommendations evident from the empirical parts and adapts ethical frameworks proposed by other scholars to the realities of Switzerland. Transnational care-specific abstract While conducting a systematic review of the literature, we discovered a lack of empirical data on the perceptions and attitudes of immigrant adult children with no siblings to share their caregiving burden, providing caregiving at a distance for their elderly parents. Therefore, we designed a sub-project to explore the potential opportunities and barriers of smart home technologies to ameliorate the immigrant informal caregiver population’s caregiving burdens, as adult immigrant children may not be able to provide in-person care for their parents while living at a great distance and across international borders. Though there are explorations in the attitudes of elderly persons and their caregivers towards smart home technologies, the potential for replacing in-person care is only during short periods of time, either during the caregiver’s off-duty hours or for days when their children are not able to visit. For adult immigrant children, it can be more difficult to provide in-person companionship or hands-on caregiving to their aging parents living in the native country, as they are often unable to visit their home country for months, even years at a time. This population of individuals often bear high economic and emotional costs while aiming to fulfill caregiving responsibilities towards their aging parents in the home country. With the gradual development and increasing adoption of smart home technologies, they could provide new solutions for immigrant children to care for their parents at a distance. Additional semi-structured interviews in English will be conducted to investigate this population's attitude and concerns to the use of these technologies