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The Berlin Pulse - German Foreign Policy 2017
No full textThe study on German foreign policy, part of the annual “The Berlin Pulse” series, was conducted by Kantar Public on behalf of the Körber Foundation. During the survey period from October 4, 2017, to October 18, 2017, the eligible voting population in Germany aged 18 and over was interviewed by telephone (CATI) on topics including the greatest challenges for German foreign policy, the most important partnerships for Germany, Germany´s role in the EU, Germany´s involvement in international crises, Europe, and transatlantic relations. Respondents were selected using a multi-stage random sample including landline and mobile phone numbers (dual-frame sample).nterest in German foreign policy; Germany should become more involved in international crises vs. should continue to remain rather reserved; current greatest challenges for German foreign policy (open question, coded answers, max. three responses); importance of German involvement in various areas (global protection of human rights, ensuring the security of Germany and its allies and combating terrorism, improving living conditions in developing countries, protecting the environment and climate, protecting Germany´s economic interests abroad, supporting other countries in introducing democratic forms of government, controlling and curbing illegal immigration to Germany); most important and second most important partner country for German foreign policy (open question, coded answers); Germany´s role in the EU (Germany is too dominant within the EU and does not compromise enough, Germany compromises to the right extent within the EU and asserts its interests appropriately, Germany should be more dominant within the EU and assert its interests more strongly); opinion on the state of the European Union (the EU and its member states are on the right track to overcome the current challenges); opinion on the impact of Brexit on the EU; Partnerships of particular importance to Germany with regard to the continued existence and further development of the EU (all EU member states, the founding European states of Italy, France, Benelux, and Germany, the France-Germany tandem, the Weimar Triangle of Poland, France, and Germany); support for French President Macron´s proposal for an EU finance minister; support for EU enlargement to include new member states (Montenegro, Serbia, Macedonia, and Albania); Germany should advocate within the EU for a break in accession negotiations with Turkey; opinion on the creation of a common European army; Germany should increase vs. decrease its defense spending; partnership that should take priority in Germany´s defense policy in the future (partnership with the US or with European countries); region in which Germany should be most involved in the future (the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Russia, equally in all regions); Germany´s most important partner in the Middle East (Turkey, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Israel, none of the countries mentioned); conflicts in the Middle East in which Germany should be most actively involved in finding a solution (conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran, conflict between Israel and Palestine, conflict in Syria, fight against Islamic State, none of the conflicts mentioned); awareness of the reasons for and objectives of the Bundeswehr mission in Mali; support for an upper limit on the number of refugees in Germany; EU support for African states in border protection despite known human rights violations in order to reduce migration from Africa; preferred German behavior toward Turkey within the framework of the EU refugee agreement due to tense relations (accommodating Turkey so as not to jeopardize the agreement, taking a hard line toward Turkey even if this jeopardizes the agreement); perception of Russia in international politics (constructive, destructive, both); more important for Germany: close relations with the US, close relations with Russia, equally close relations with both); assessment of current relations between Germany and the US; most important basis for relations between Germany and the US (economic and trade relations, shared values, cooperation in the field of security and defense); assessment of China´s growing global influence; sense of threat from North Korea´s missile tests despite the United Nations ban; assessment of the involvement of various countries and organizations in global problems (Russia, China, US, EU, United Nations, NATO); voting behavior in the last federal election. Demography: Sex; age; education; household size; respondent themselves or their parents or grandparents immigrated to Germany after 1949. The following were also coded: Respondent ID; federal state; western/eastern region; political community size; weighting factor.Die Studie zur deutschen Außenpolitik im Rahmen der jährlich durchgeführten Reihe ´The Berlin Pulse´ wurde von Kantar Public im Auftrag der Körber-Stiftung durchgeführt. Im Erhebungszeitraum 04.10.2017 bis 18.10.2017 wurde die wahlberechtigte Bevölkerung in Deutschland ab 18 Jahren in telefonischen Interviews (CATI) u.a. zu folgenden Themen befragt: größte Herausforderungen für die deutsche Außenpolitik, wichtigste Partnerschaften für Deutschland, Rolle Deutschlands in der EU, Deutschlands Engagement in internationalen Krisen, Europa und den transatlantischen Beziehungen. Die Auswahl der Befragten erfolgte durch eine mehrstufige Zufallsstichprobe unter Einschluss von Festnetz- und Mobilfunknummern (Dual-Frame Stichprobe).Interesse für die deutsche Außenpolitik; Deutschland sollte sich bei internationalen Krisen stärker engagieren vs. sollte sich weiterhin eher zurückhalten; derzeit größte Herausforderungen für die deutsche Außenpolitik (offene Frage, codierte Antworten, max. drei Nennungen); Wichtigkeit des deutschen Engagements in verschiedenen Bereichen (weltweiter Schutz der Menschenrechte, Gewährleistung der Sicherheit Deutschlands und seiner Verbündeten und Terrorismusbekämpfung, Verbesserung der Lebensverhältnisse in Entwicklungsländern, Schutz von Umwelt und Klima, Schutz der wirtschaftlichen Interessen Deutschlands im Ausland, Unterstützung anderer Staaten bei der Einführung demokratischer Regierungsformen, Kontrolle und Eindämmung illegaler Einwanderung nach Deutschland); wichtigstes und zweitwichtigstes Partnerland für die deutsche Außenpolitik (offene Frage, codierte Antworten); Rolle Deutschlands in der EU (Deutschland tritt innerhalb der EU zu dominant auf und geht zu wenig Kompromisse ein, Deutschland geht innerhalb der EU im richtigen Maße Kompromisse ein und setzt seine Interessen angemessen durch, Deutschland sollte innerhalb der EU dominanter auftreten und seine Interessen stärker durchsetzen); Meinung zum Zustand der Europäischen Union (EU und ihre Mitgliedsstaaten sind auf dem richtigen Weg, um die derzeitigen Herausforderungen zu bewältigen); Meinung zu den Auswirkungen des Brexit auf die EU; Partnerschaft mit besonderer Bedeutung für Deutschland im Hinblick auf den Fortbestand und die Weiterentwicklung der EU (die Gesamtheit der Mitgliedsstaaten der EU, die europäischen Gründungsstaaten Italien, Frankreich, Benelux und Deutschland, das Tandem aus Frankreich und Deutschland, das Weimarer Dreieck aus Polen, Frankreich und Deutschland); Befürwortung des Vorschlags von Frankreichs Präsident Macron für einen EU-Finanzminister; Befürwortung der EU-Erweiterung um neue Mitgliedsstaaten (Montenegro, Serbien, Mazedonien und Albanien); Deutschland sollte sich innerhalb der EU für einen Abbruch der Beitrittsverhandlungen mit der Türkei einsetzen; Meinung zur Schaffung einer gemeinsamen europäischen Armee; Deutschland sollte seine Verteidigungsausgaben erhöhen vs. senken; Partnerschaft, die in Zukunft Vorrang für Deutschlands Verteidigungspolitik haben sollte (Partnerschaft mit den USA oder mit den europäischen Staaten); Region, in der sich Deutschland in Zukunft am stärksten engagieren sollte (im Nahen und Mittleren Osten, in Afrika, in Asien, in Osteuropa und Russland, gleichwertig in allen Regionen); Deutschlands wichtigster Partner im Nahen und Mittleren Osten (Türkei, Ägypten, Saudi-Arabien, Iran, Israel, keines der genannten Länder); Konflikte im Nahen und Mittleren Osten, bei denen sich Deutschland am stärksten für eine Lösung einsetzen sollte (Konflikt Saudi-Arabien vs. Iran, Konflikt Israel vs. Palästina, Syrienkonflikt, Kampf gegen den Islamischen Staat, bei keinem der genannten Konflikte); Bekanntheit der Gründe und Ziele des Bundeswehr-Einsatzes in Mali; Befürwortung einer Obergrenze für die Anzahl von Flüchtlingen in Deutschland; Unterstützung afrikanischer Staaten beim Grenzschutz durch die EU trotz bekannter Menschenrechtsverletzungen, um die Migration aus Afrika zu verringern; präferiertes Verhalten Deutschlands gegenüber der Türkei im Rahmen des EU-Flüchtlingsabkommens aufgrund der angespannten Beziehungen (der Türkei entgegenkommen, um das Abkommen nicht zu gefährden, harte Position gegenüber der Türkei, auch wenn dies das Abkommen gefährdet); Wahrnehmung Russlands in der internationalen Politik (konstruktiv, destruktiv, sowohl als auch); wichtiger für Deutschland: enge Beziehungen zu den USA, enge Beziehungen zu Russland, zu beiden gleich enge Beziehungen); Bewertung der derzeitigen Beziehungen zwischen Deutschland und den USA; wichtigste Basis für das Verhältnis zwischen Deutschland und den USA (Wirtschafts- und Handelsbeziehungen, gemeinsame Wertvorstellungen, Zusammenarbeit im Bereich Sicherheit und Verteidigung); Beurteilung des wachsenden weltweiten Einflusses Chinas; Bedrohungsgefühl durch die trotz Verbots der Vereinten Nationen von Nordkorea durchgeführten Raketentests; Bewertung des Engagements verschiedener Länder und Organisationen bei globalen Problemen (Russland, China, USA, EU, Vereinte Nationen, NATO); Wahlverhalten bei der letzten Bundestagwahl. Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter; Schulabschluss; Haushaltsgröße; befragte Person selbst oder ihre Eltern bzw. Großeltern nach 1949 nach Deutschland zugewandert. Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Befragten ID; Bundesland; Region West/Ost; politische Gemeindegröße; Gewichtungsfaktor
Surface Groups Oman 1984-2021
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Selects 2019 Panel Survey (waves 1-7)
No full textThe Swiss Election Study (Selects) 2019 consists of four complementary components: The Post-Election Survey (PES), the Panel Survey, the Candidate Survey, and the (Social) Media Analysis. The main difference compared to previous studies relates to the mode of data collection; the main emphasis was moved towards web questionnaires. The mode for the Post-Election Survey 2019 was web/paper whereas in 2015, it was web/telephone. As in previous election studies, novel thematic modules of particular salience to researchers were included in the different surveys, while keeping the necessary continuity in the core questionnaire of the Post-Election Survey for comparison with previous waves. Post-Election Survey (PES): The Post-Election Survey consists of 6664 respondents. The survey was conducted in a sequential mixed mode with web offered as the first option: 82% responded in this way, while 18% responded by returning the paper questionnaire that was sent out later to those not having completed the web questionnaire. The sampling was based on a representative sample of around 2’600 Swiss citizens, with an oversampling of small cantons to have at least 50 respondents in every canton. An additional oversampling was done in the cantons of Zurich, Geneva, and Ticino thanks to additional funding from these cantons. Panel Survey: The Panel Survey studies the evolution of opinion and vote intention/choice during the different phases of the election cycle. In 2019, three waves were conducted: the first before the main campaign period (Mai/June), the second during the election campaign (September/October), and the third after the elections (October-December). 7939 individuals responded to the first wave, 5577 to the second wave, and 5125 to the third wave. 4654 individuals responded to all three waves. This three-wave panel will be continued with annual follow-up waves until the 2023 elections. At the end of wave 3, 3'030 respondents gave consent to be contacted for the yearly waves. Wave 4 took place between September 28 and November 2nd, 2020 with 2'499 respondents. Wave 5 took place between September 27 and November 1st, 2021 with 2’323 respondents. Wave 6 took place between September 26 and November 6, 2022 with 2’178 respondents. The final wave 7 took place between October 23 and December 11, 2023 with 2'470 respondents. Candidate Survey: The Candidate Survey was carried out among all candidates for the National Council and the Council of States in the framework of the international Comparative Candidate Survey (CCS) project, based on the Round III questionnaire. The survey collects data on the biography, campaign activities, and policy position of the candidates. Among others, the information gathered makes possible the study of underlying factors of candidates’ electoral success, as well as of issues of representation and linkage between voters and elites. In 2019, 2158 out of 4736 candidates participated in the Candidate Survey. This survey was conducted by Politools.net on behalf of Selects. (Social) Media Analysis: On behalf of Selects, the Digital Democracy Lab of the University of Zurich conducted a Media Analysis. The Media Analysis is a supplement to the Panel Survey and makes it possible to analyse the election campaign in the media and its influence on the formation of voters' opinions. In addition to the content analysis of the coverage of traditional media (print and online), which has been carried out in the context of Selects since 2003, the Media Analysis 2019 also includes, for the first time, the election campaign communication of parties and candidates on social media. For this Social Media Analysis, the Twitter accounts of 1284 candidates, parties, and organizations were taken into account, as well as the Facebook pages of 261 candidates
Labour Force Survey Five-Quarter Longitudinal Dataset, January 2024 - March, 2025
No full textAbstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.Background The Labour Force Survey (LFS) is a unique source of information using international definitions of employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, together with a wide range of related topics such as occupation, training, hours of work and personal characteristics of household members aged 16 years and over. It is used to inform social, economic and employment policy. The LFS was first conducted biennially from 1973-1983. Between 1984 and 1991 the survey was carried out annually and consisted of a quarterly survey conducted throughout the year and a 'boost' survey in the spring quarter (data were then collected seasonally). From 1992 quarterly data were made available, with a quarterly sample size approximately equivalent to that of the previous annual data. The survey then became known as the Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS). From December 1994, data gathering for Northern Ireland moved to a full quarterly cycle to match the rest of the country, so the QLFS then covered the whole of the UK (though some additional annual Northern Ireland LFS datasets are also held at the UK Data Archive). Further information on the background to the QLFS may be found in the documentation. Longitudinal data The LFS retains each sample household for five consecutive quarters, with a fifth of the sample replaced each quarter. The main survey was designed to produce cross-sectional data, but the data on each individual have now been linked together to provide longitudinal information. The longitudinal data comprise two types of linked datasets, created using the weighting method to adjust for non-response bias. The two-quarter datasets link data from two consecutive waves, while the five-quarter datasets link across a whole year (for example January 2010 to March 2011 inclusive) and contain data from all five waves. A full series of longitudinal data has been produced, going back to winter 1992. Linking together records to create a longitudinal dimension can, for example, provide information on gross flows over time between different labour force categories (employed, unemployed and economically inactive). This will provide detail about people who have moved between the categories. Also, longitudinal information is useful in monitoring the effects of government policies and can be used to follow the subsequent activities and circumstances of people affected by specific policy initiatives, and to compare them with other groups in the population. There are however methodological problems which could distort the data resulting from this longitudinal linking. The ONS continues to research these issues and advises that the presentation of results should be carefully considered, and warnings should be included with outputs where necessary. LFS Documentation The documentation available from the Archive to accompany LFS datasets largely consists of the latest version of each user guide volume alongside the appropriate questionnaire for the year concerned. However, volumes are updated periodically by ONS, so users are advised to check the latest documents on the ONS Labour Force Survey - User Guidance pages before commencing analysis. This is especially important for users of older QLFS studies, where information and guidance in the user guide documents may have changed over time.Occupation data for 2021 and 2022 data filesThe ONS has identified an issue with the collection of some occupational data in 2021 and 2022 data files in a number of their surveys. While they estimate any impacts will be small overall, this will affect the accuracy of the breakdowns of some detailed (four-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)) occupations, and data derived from them. Further information can be found in the ONS article published on 11 July 2023: Revision of miscoded occupational data in the ONS Labour Force Survey, UK: January 2021 to September 2022.2022 WeightingThe population totals used for the latest LFS estimates use projected growth rates from Real Time Information (RTI) data for UK, EU and non-EU populations based on 2021 patterns. The total population used for the LFS therefore does not take into account any changes in migration, birth rates, death rates, and so on since June 2021, and hence levels estimates may be under- or over-estimating the true values and should be used with caution. Estimates of rates will, however, be robust.Main Topics:The five-quarter longitudinal datasets include a subset of the most commonly used variables from the Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS), covering the main areas of the survey
The Irish Sports Monitor (ISM), 2013
No full textThe Irish Sports Monitor (ISM) is a large scale population-based survey designed to measure physical and social participation in sport and other forms of exercise in Ireland. It provides the most robust measurement of sports participation in all its forms within Ireland
National Psychological Wellbeing and Distress Survey (NPWDS), 2006
No full textThis nationally representative survey, conducted by the ESRI on behalf of the Health Research Board (HRB), was designed to measure the extent of psychological distress and self-reported mental health problems in the Irish population, and to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the Irish adult population who were experiencing symptoms of psychological distress or who had reported mental health problems in the previous year. The survey used a telephone survey methodology of the general population in the Republic of Ireland, in 2005-2006. Telephone numbers were drawn on a random probability basis and quotas were set for age, gender and social class
Eurostudent VI: Ireland 2016
No full textIreland is one of 30 countries which participated in the Eurostudent VI survey, and this dataset continues the initiative of previous Eurostudent reports extensively analysing the characteristics of students studying in Ireland by examining the demographic profile of the student population, the courses they are undertaking, their income and expenditure, their accomodation and employment, the route they took into higher education and the extent to which they study abroad as part of their programme
Labour Force Survey (LFS), 1998-2025
No full textThe Labour Force Survey (LFS) is a large-scale, nationwide survey of households in Ireland conducted by the Central Statistics Office. It is designed to produce quarterly labour force estimates that include the official measure of employment and unemployment in the state (ILO basis). This survey replaced the Quarterly National Household Survey (QNHS) from Q3 2017. The QNHS began in September 1997, replacing the annual April Labour Force Survey (LFS). Each quarter the LFS produces data among others on: Numbers unemployed Persons in employment Labour force participation rates Inactive population (not in the labour force) Sectoral breakdown (Nace Rev. 2) of those in employment Breakdown of headline data by age, sex and region Persons in employment classified by occupation Seasonally adjusted headline series Data on family composition New Regulatory framework from January 2021 The survey meets the requirements of Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 October 2019. This is a new framework regulation governing the production of European Statistics on persons and households (Integration European Social Statistics framework regulation – IESS FR) which came into force on 1 January 2021. The IESS FR regulation replaces Council Regulation (EC) No. 577/98, adopted in March 1998 and covers various domains of social statistics including labour market statistics. It aims to ensure that social statistics based on sample surveys such as the Labour Force Survey (LFS), are produced in a more harmonised and coordinated manner across Europe
Children’s Sport Participation and Physical Activity Study (CSPPA), 2009-2010
No full textThe Children’s Sport Participation and Physical Activity study (CSPPA) was funded by the Irish Sports Council. It was a unique multi-centre study undertaken by Dublin City University, University of Limerick and University College Cork and brought together expertise from physical education, sport and coaching studies and physical activity for health. Data were collected from children and young people in primary and post-primary schools using a self-complete questionnaire, interview and physical health data (height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure). The primary school questionnaire was issued to pupils in 5th and 6th classes and included questions on physical activity levels, transport and participation in sports clubs and sports in school. The CSPPA Study was conducted in 2009 and was designed as a follow-up survey to the 2005 ‘School Children and Sport in Ireland’ Study, which was carried out on behalf of the Irish Sports Council by the Economic and Social Research Institute. The same methodology was used where possible for both studies, thereby allowing comparisons to be made. The study aims were to: provide a national database of physical activity, physical education and sport participation levels of children and youth in Ireland assess indices of health and fitness in a sub-sample of the target population collect and analyse information on the factors influencing participation provide insight into issues surrounding volunteering in youth sports and activity clubs The information collected will provide guidance to the development of policy in the areas of health, sport, education, transport and the environment all of which have important roles to play in getting Irish children more active more often
International Social Survey Programme: Family and Changing Gender Roles V - ISSP 2022
No full textAttitude towards the employment of women resp. mothers (A working mother can establish just as warm and secure a relationship with her children as a mother who does not work, a pre-school child is likely to suffer if his or her mother works, all in all, family life suffers when the woman has a full-time job, a job is all right, but what most women really want is a home and children, being a housewife is just as fulfilling as working for pay, a man's job is to earn money; a woman's job is to look after the home and family); opinion about how much responsibility women and men should have for the home and family; opinion about how well mothers and fathers are suited to look after their children; preferred extent of employment for women during different stages of child raising (when there is a child under school age, after the youngest child starts school); attitudes towards children in life, marriage, and cohabitation without marriage (Having children interferes too much with the freedom of parents, having children increases people’s social standing in society, people who want children ought to get married, It is all right for a couple to live together without intending to get married); attitudes towards single-parenting and childcare by same sex female and male couples (alternative family forms); opinion about which parent in a family with a five year old child should do the following: provide for the family financially, take care of the child on a daily basis, play with the child, and take part in his/her leisure activities, teach the child how to behave, take time to listen to and advise the child if he/she has problems, try to be a role model for the child; attitude towards paid parental leave for full-time working parents and preferred duration of paid parental leave (in months); preferred division of this paid parental leave period between the mother and the father; best way of organization of family and work life for a family with a child under school age and the least desirable option; who should primarily provide childcare for children under school age (family members, government agencies, non-profit organizations (e.g. charitable organizations, churches/ religious organizations), private childcare providers (e.g. private crèche, nanny, babysitter), employers); who should primarily cover the costs of childcare for children under school age (the family, the government/ public funds, the employers); who should primarily provide support for the elderly who need some help in their everyday lives (family members, government agencies, non-profit organizations (e.g. charitable organizations, churches/ religious organizations), private providers of this kind of help); who should primarily cover the costs of this help to these elderly people (the elderly people themselves or their family, the government/ public funds); time budget (hours a week) of both partners for household work and looking after family members (e.g. children, elderly, ill or disabled family members ); organization of the income that one or both of the partners receive in marriage or partnership; allocation of duties in the household and in family matters (laundry, planning and organizing social and family activities, care for sick family members, shopping for groceries, household cleaning, preparing the meals); estimation of fair share of the household work between the partners; frequency of difficulties caused by family, work, and household duties during the past three months (I have come home from work too tired to do the chores which need to be done, It has been difficult for me to fulfil my family responsibilities because of the amount of time I spent on my job, I have arrived at work too tired to function well because of the household work I had done, I have found it difficult to concentrate at work because of my family responsibilities); definition of close relatives of a person living with a partner and their children (e.g. children and partner only, children and partner but also parents and siblings); opinions about responsibilities towards relatives in different situations (A sibling of one of the couple needs a place to stay for a few months, ask the recently widowed and lonely father of one of the couple to come and live with them permanently, financial help for a grandchildren in need of temporary financial help because the company he/she worked for closed down recently); rely more on close relatives vs. on close friends; close relatives vs. close friends should be the most important people in one’s life; general feeling of happiness in life; opinion about whether women or men are best suited to serve in certain leadership positions (Cabinet minister in the national government, head of a university, senior executive of a large company); assessment of household’s total income (difficult or easy to make ends meet); comparison of the current financial situation of the household with the financial situation 12 months ago. Optional questions: respondent provides help or care on a daily basis to family member(s) who may or may not be living in the household (child(ren) below school age, child(ren) of school age, up to 18 years, elderly person(s), long term sick/ disabled person(s), other person); parent who was more involved in upbringing when the respondent was a child; acceptance of the parents when the respondent was planning to work for pay; respondent or spouse/ partner has been more involved in the children’s upbringing. Demography: sex; year of birth; age; years of full-time schooling; education (country specific): highest completed degree of education (ISCED 2011); currently, formerly, or never in paid work; hours worked weekly; employment relationship; respondent supervises other employees; number of other employees supervised; type of organization: for-profit vs. non-profit; and public vs. private; occupation (ISCO 2008); current main status; living in steady partnership; current or former trade union membership; religious affiliation (country-specific); comparative: groups of religious affiliations; frequency of attendance at religious services; Top-Bottom self-placement; voted in the last general election; party voted for in the last general election (country-specific: party affiliation); assessment of the ideological position of the political party the respondent has voted for, placed on an ideological left-right continuum by expert judgment on party positions; ethnic group (country-specific); number of people in the household (household size); composition of household: number of adults in the household; number of children above school entry age in household; number of children below school age in household; personal income (country-specific); household income (country-specific); legal partnership status; migration background: father’s country of birth; mother’s country of birth; place of living: urban – rural; region (country-specific). Information about spouse/ partner: currently, formerly, or never in paid work; hours worked weekly; employment relationship; spouse/ partner supervises other employees; occupation (ISCO 2008); current main status. Additional compulsory background questions: education of current spouse/ partner (ISCED); number of children. Additionally coded: respondent ID; case substitution flag; date of interview (year, month, day); language of the interview; weighting factors; administrative mode of data-collection; flag variable indicating partially completed interviews; ISCED 2011: highest completed degree of education (merged variable); ISCED 2011 simplified: highest completed/pursued degree of education.The International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) is a continuous programme of cross-national collaboration running annual surveys on topics important for the social sciences. The programme started in 1984 with four founding members - Australia, Germany, Great Britain, and the United States – and has now grown to almost 50 member countries from all over the world. As the surveys are designed for replication, they can be used for both, cross-national and cross-time comparisons. Each ISSP module focuses on a specific topic, which is repeated in regular time intervals. Please, consult the documentation for details on how the national ISSP surveys are fielded. The present study focuses on questions about family and changing gender roles.Einstellung zur Erwerbstätigkeit von Frauen bzw. Müttern (Eine berufstätige Mutter kann eine ebenso herzliche und sichere Beziehung zu ihren Kindern aufbauen wie eine nicht berufstätige Mutter, ein Kind im Vorschulalter leidet wahrscheinlich darunter, wenn seine Mutter arbeitet, insgesamt leidet das Familienleben, wenn die Frau einer Vollzeitbeschäftigung nachgeht, eine Arbeit ist in Ordnung, aber was die meisten Frauen wirklich wollen, ist ein Heim und Kinder, Hausfrau zu sein ist genauso erfüllend wie eine bezahlte Arbeit, die Aufgabe des Mannes ist es, Geld zu verdienen; die Aufgabe der Frau ist es, sich um Haus und Familie zu kümmern); Meinung darüber, wie viel Verantwortung Frauen und Männer für Haus und Familie haben sollten; Meinung darüber, wie gut Mütter und Väter geeignet sind, sich um ihre Kinder zu kümmern; bevorzugtes Ausmaß der Erwerbstätigkeit von Frauen in verschiedenen Phasen der Kindererziehung (wenn das Kind noch nicht schulpflichtig ist, nach der Einschulung des jüngsten Kindes); Einstellungen zu Kindern im Leben, zur Ehe und zum nichtehelichen Zusammenleben (Kinder zu haben schränkt die Freiheit der Eltern zu sehr ein, Kinder zu haben erhöht das soziale Ansehen in der Gesellschaft, Menschen, die Kinder wollen, sollten heiraten, es ist in Ordnung, wenn ein Paar zusammenlebt, ohne die Absicht zu heiraten); Einstellungen zu Alleinerziehung und Kinderbetreuung durch gleichgeschlechtliche weibliche und männliche Paare (alternative Familienformen); Meinung darüber, welcher Elternteil in einer Familie mit einem fünfjährigen Kind die folgenden Aufgaben übernehmen sollte: die Familie finanziell versorgen, sich täglich um das Kind kümmern, mit dem Kind spielen und an seinen Freizeitaktivitäten teilnehmen, dem Kind Benehmen beibringen, sich Zeit nehmen, um dem Kind zuzuhören und es zu beraten, wenn es Probleme hat, versuchen, ein Vorbild für das Kind zu sein; Einstellung zum bezahlten Erziehungsurlaub für vollzeitarbeitende Eltern und bevorzugte Dauer des bezahlten Erziehungsurlaubs (in Monaten); bevorzugte Aufteilung dieses bezahlten Erziehungsurlaubs zwischen Mutter und Vater; beste Art der Organisation des Familien- und Arbeitslebens für eine Familie mit einem Kind im Schulalter und die am wenigsten wünschenswerte Option; wer sollte in erster Linie die Kinderbetreuung für Kinder im Schulalter übernehmen (Familienmitglieder, staatliche Stellen, gemeinnützige Organisationen (z. B. Wohlfahrtsverbände, Kirchen/ religiöse Organisationen), private Anbieter von Kinderbetreuung (z. B. private Kinderkrippe, Kindermädchen, Babysitter), Arbeitgeber); wer sollte in erster Linie die Kosten für die Betreuung von Kindern im Schulalter übernehmen (die Familie, die Regierung/ öffentliche Mittel, die Arbeitgeber); wer sollte in erster Linie Unterstützung für ältere Menschen leisten, die Hilfe im Alltag benötigen (Familienmitglieder, staatliche Stellen, gemeinnützige Organisationen (z. B. Wohlfahrtsverbände, Kirchen/ religiöse Organisationen), private Anbieter dieser Art von Hilfe); wer soll in erster Linie die Kosten für diese Hilfe für ältere Menschen tragen (die älteren Menschen selbst oder ihre Familie, die Regierung/öffentliche Mittel); Zeitbudget (Stunden pro Woche) beider Partner für die Arbeit im Haushalt und die Betreuung von Familienmitgliedern (z.B. Kinder, ältere, kranke oder behinderte Familienmitglieder); Organisation des Einkommens, das einer oder beide Partner in der Ehe oder Partnerschaft erhalten; Aufteilung der Aufgaben im Haushalt und in Familienangelegenheiten (Wäsche waschen, Planung und Organisation sozialer und familiärer Aktivitäten, Pflege kranker Familienmitglieder, Einkaufen von Lebensmitteln, Haushaltsreinigung, Zubereitung der Mahlzeiten); Einschätzung der gerechten Aufteilung der Haushaltsarbeit zwischen den Partnern; Häufigkeit von Schwierigkeiten, die durch Familien-, Arbeits- und Haushaltspflichten in den letzten drei Monaten verursacht wurden (ich bin zu müde von der Arbeit nach Hause gekommen, um die anfallenden Aufgaben zu erledigen, es war schwierig für mich, meinen familiären Pflichten nachzukommen, weil ich zu viel Zeit mit meiner Arbeit verbracht habe, ich bin zu müde zur Arbeit gekommen, um gut arbeiten zu können, weil ich die Hausarbeit erledigt hatte, es fiel mir schwer, mich bei der Arbeit zu konzentrieren, weil ich familiäre Pflichten hatte); Definition der nahen Verwandten einer Person, die mit einem Partner und ihren Kindern zusammenlebt ( z. B. nur Kinder und Partner, Kinder und Partner, aber auch Eltern und Geschwister); Meinungen über die Verantwortung gegenüber Verwandten in verschiedenen Situationen (ein Geschwister eines Paares braucht eine Unterkunft für ein paar Monate; den kürzlich verwitweten und einsamen Vater eines Paares bitten, auf Dauer bei ihnen zu wohnen; finanzielle Hilfe für ein Enkelkind, das vorübergehend finanzielle Unterstützung braucht, weil das Unternehmen, für das es gearbeitet hat, vor kurzem geschlossen wurde); sich mehr auf enge Verwandte als auf enge Freunde verlassen; enge Verwandte bzw. enge Freunde sollten die wichtigsten Personen im Leben sein; allgemeines Glücksgefühl im Leben; Meinung darüber, ob Frauen oder Männer am besten für bestimmte Führungspositionen geeignet sind (Kabinettsminister in der nationalen Regierung, Leiter einer Universität, leitender Angestellter eines großen Unternehmens); Einschätzung des Gesamteinkommens des Haushalts (schwer oder leicht über die Runden zu kommen); Vergleich der aktuellen finanziellen Lage des Haushalts mit der finanziellen Lage vor 12 Monaten. Optionale Fragen: Die befragte Person leistet täglich Hilfe oder Pflege für Familienmitglieder, die im Haushalt leben oder außerhalb (Kind(er) unter dem Schulalter, Kind(er) im Schulalter bis 18 Jahre, ältere Person(en), Langzeitkranke/behinderte Person(en), andere Person(en)); Elternteil, der mehr an der Erziehung beteiligt war, als die befragte Person ein Kind war; Akzeptanz der Eltern, als die befragte Person plante, gegen Bezahlung zu arbeiten; die befragte Person oder der Ehegatte/Partner war mehr an der Erziehung der Kinder beteiligt. Demografie: Geschlecht; Geburtsjahr; Alter; Jahre der Vollzeitschulbildung; Bildung (länderspezifisch): höchster abgeschlossener Bildungsgrad (ISCED 2011); derzeit, früher oder nie erwerbstätig; wöchentliche Arbeitsstunden; Beschäftigungsverhältnis; Vorgesetztenfunktion; Anzahl der beaufsichtigten Mitarbeiter; Art der Organisation: gewinnorientiert vs. gemeinnützig und öffentlich vs. privat; Beruf (ISCO 2008); derzeitiger Hauptstatus; Leben in fester Partnerschaft; derzeitige oder frühere Mitgliedschaft in einer Gewerkschaft; Religionszugehörigkeit (länderspezifisch); vergleichend: Gruppen von Religionszugehörigkeiten; Häufigkeit des Besuchs von Gottesdiensten; Oben-Unten-Selbsteinstufung; Teilnahme an der letzten Parlamentswahl; Partei, für die die befragte Person bei der letzten Parlamentswahl gestimmt hat (länderspezifisch: Parteizugehörigkeit); Einschätzung der ideologischen Position der politischen Partei, für die die befragte Person gestimmt hat, eingeordnet auf einem ideologischen Links-Rechts-Kontinuum durch Expertenurteil zu Parteipositionen; ethnische Gruppe (länderspezifisch); Anzahl der Personen im Haushalt (Haushaltsgröße); Zusammensetzung des Haushalts: Anzahl der Erwachsenen im Haushalt; Anzahl der Kinder über dem Schuleintrittsalter im Haushalt; Anzahl der Kinder unter dem Schulalter im Haushalt; persönliches Einkommen (länderspezifisch); Haushaltseinkommen (länderspezifisch); Status der rechtlichen Partnerschaft; Migrationshintergrund: Geburtsland des Vaters; Geburtsland der Mutter; Wohnort: Stadt - Land; Region (länderspezifisch). Informationen über den Ehepartner/Partner: derzeit, früher oder nie erwerbstätig; wöchentliche Arbeitsstunden; Beschäftigungsverhältnis; Vorgesetztenfunktion; Beruf (ISCO 2008); derzeitiger Hauptstatus. Zusätzliche obligatorische Hintergrundfragen: Bildung des derzeitigen Ehegatten/Partners (ISCED); Anzahl der Kinder. Zusätzlich verkodet: Befragten-ID; Case substitution flag; Datum des Interviews (Jahr, Monat und Tag); Interviewsprache; Gewichtungsfaktoren; administrative Art der Datenerhebung; Flagvariable für teilweise abgeschlossene Interviews; ISCED 2011: höchster abgeschlossener Bildungsgrad (zusammengefasste Variable); ISCED 2011 vereinfacht: höchster abgeschlossener/verfolgter Bildungsgrad.Das International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) ist ein länderübergreifendes, fortlaufendes Umfrageprogramm, das jährlich Erhebungen zu Themen durchführt, die für die Sozialwissenschaften wichtig sind. Das Programm begann 1984 mit vier Gründungsmitgliedern - Australien, Deutschland, Großbritannien und den Vereinigten Staaten - und ist inzwischen auf fast 50 Mitgliedsländer aus aller Welt angewachsen. Da die Umfragen auf Replikationen ausgelegt sind, können die Daten sowohl für länder- als auch für zeitübergreifende Vergleiche genutzt werden. Jedes ISSP-Modul konzentriert sich auf ein bestimmtes Thema, das in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen wiederholt wird. Details zur Durchführung der nationalen ISSP-Umfragen entnehmen Sie bitte der Dokumentation. Die vorliegende Studie konzentriert sich auf Fragen zu Familie und sich verändernde Geschlechterrollen