African Journal of Alcohol and Drug Abuse (AJADA)
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Exploration and description of challenges experienced by social workers when providing out-patient treatment services to individuals with Substance Use Disorders in Gauteng Province, South Africa
Full text linkSocial workers are increasingly becoming primary service providers to people with substance use disorders (SUDs) and their families. Hence, they face many challenges when providing treatment services. This qualitative study adopted an exploratory descriptive research design to explore challenges experienced by ten social workers during the provision of outpatient treatment services to individuals with substance use disorders in the Gauteng province. The study utilized non- probability purposive sampling to recruit and identify participants. Data collection was conducted through zoom meetings and one-on-one interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic data analysis was conducted manually to analyze the data collected from participants. This study indicated that outpatient treatment social workers are challenged by relapse, noncompliance, denial, reluctance and involuntary service users; poor family involvement and unrealistic expectations; safety issues and lack of organizational support. Thus, it is recommended that outpatient treatment organizations employ employee assistance practitioners to support social workers towards coping with challenging workplace experience
Personality Traits, Perceived Stress and Social Network as Predictors of Alcohol Addiction among Youths in Ibadan, Nigeria
Full text linkThe challenge of alcohol use among youths has been on the increase and the problems are manifested to the individual, the family and the society at large. One such problem is alcohol addiction which has been investigated using different predictors with varying results. Therefore, this study re-examines personality traits, perceived stress and social network as predictors of alcohol addiction among youths in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The study adopted cross-sectional survey design while data was collected from 384 youths (males 282, females 102) using validated questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed using zero-order correlation, t-test of independent samples and multiple regressions analysis. Four questions were tested and the results were accepted at a p < 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that personality traits (r = 0.168, p < 0.05) and social network (r = .057, p < 0.05) positively correlated with alcohol addiction while perceived stress negatively correlated with alcohol addiction [r = - 0.029, p < .05]. Also, the result revealed that perceived stress significantly influenced alcohol addiction among youths (t [383] = 0.213, p <. 0.05). However, social networks did not significantly influence alcohol addiction among youths in Ibadan (t [382] = .026, p >. 05). Finally, the results showed the combined effect of personality traits, perceived stress and social network as joint predictors of alcohol addiction among youths in Ibadan [R2= .125, F [5, 378] = 10.771, p < .05). The study concluded that personality traits, perceived stress and social network are good predictors of alcohol addiction among the study participants. The study recommended that mental health workers should carried out personality profiling, used stress therapy and design targeted adverts to help youths who are suffering from alcohol addiction
Policy Brief on Cannabis Use in Kenya
Full text linkThe Government of Kenya recognizes drugs and substance abuse (DSA) as a major threat to the wellbeing of its citizens and national development. DSA has increased in magnitude and threatens to undermine the social, economic, and political transformation achieved over the years. Prevention and control of DSA is critical for national development and the realization of the Kenya Vision 2030 and Bottom-Up Economic Transformation Agenda (BETA). The national survey on the “Status of Drugs and Substance Use in Kenya, 2022” is a fiveyear survey conducted to assess the trends of DSU programing indicator
Relationship between perceived parental involvement and treatment adherence among adolescent substance use disorder patients in rehabilitation centers in Kiambu County, Kenya
Full text linkAdolescent substance use is a concern to families, schools, psychologists, and society at large as it hampers the ability to achieve personal and national goals. Despite efforts to provide quality treatment to adolescent substance users, there is scarce information on how parenting influences treatment dynamics. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between perceived parental involvement and treatment adherence among adolescent substance use disorder patients in selected rehabilitation centers in Kiambu County. Based on attachment theory, the study utilized a correlational survey design to establish the significance of the relationship between the study variables. The population targeted was 72 adolescents undergoing treatment in various rehabilitation centers in Kiambu County. Multistage sampling was used to obtain the sample. A questionnaire developed by the researcher was used to collect quantitative data. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze demographic factors, levels of adherence to treatment and perceived parental involvement. Correlations between perceived parental involvement and adherence to treatment were established using Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficient. The study found that adolescents rated maternal involvement (p= 0.024) higher than paternal involvement (p= -0.080). There was a markedly weak relationship between perceived parental involvement and adherence to treatment among adolescents (p= -0.034). The study recommends more research into the current forms of parental involvement that facilities have adopted while treating in-patient adolescent SUD clients
The Influence of Drugs and Substance Use On Gender Based Violence Among Intimate Partners in Central and Coast Regions, Kenya
Full text linkGender Based Violence (GBV) is a worldwide public health problem posing challenges in human health, with a higher prevalence in developing countries. Despite the growing problem of GBV globally, regionally and within the country, evidence on attribution of drugs and substance use (DSU) is limited. The study therefore endeavored to assess the influence of DSU on GBV among intimate partners (IPs) in Kenya. The study utilized a cross-sectional design where a total of 1374 respondents were interviewed targeting Central and Coast regions. Findings on GBV experience in last the last one year showed that psychological violence was the most commonly perpetrated form of GBV among IPs with a prevalence of 33.3% followed by economic violence 16.6%, physical violence 15.1% and lastly sexual violence 7.1%. Analysis of risk factors showed that region, gender, education and monthly income were significantly associated with physical violence; age and education were associated with psychological violence; religion was significantly associated with sexual violence; and gender, employment and education were significantly associated with economic violence among IPs. Results also showed that past month use of alcohol, tobacco, khat and cannabis were associated with physical violence; alcohol, tobacco and khat use were associated with psychological violence; alcohol, tobacco and khat use were associated with sexual violence; and alcohol and tobacco use were associated with economic violence. The study demonstrates the role of DSU towards aggravating the problem of all forms of GBV among IPs. The study therefore underscores the importance of DSU demand reduction and supply suppression interventions and programs as integral measures for the control of GB
The Culture of Drug Abuse and Substance Use as a determinant of Health Outcomes among Students in Kenya public Universities
Full text linkThe culture of drug abuse and substance use among university students has become a global concern, considering the continued consumption of these illegal drugs and substances. Despite this understanding and worrying state of affairs, limited evidence on the health outcomes and how to curb the menace. It is on this basis that our paper applies an emic perspective in understanding the trends, dynamics and socio-health outcomes of drug abuse and substance use among university students. It is on this basis that our paper applies an emic perspective in understanding the trends, dynamics and socio-health outcomes of drug abuse and substance use among university students. The study employed a descriptive research design and was anchored on the social comparison theory. Data was collected through KoBo Collect tool and administered to 250 second year and third year university students. Ten (10) interviews were conducted with university students’ leaders. The data was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. The study found out that drug and substance use culture at university is a norm to students. From the multiple responses, the respondents indicated that their parents ensured that they had the resources they needed to study and live comfortably at 84.6% and 78.9% respectively, but without putting into consideration effective strategies for monitoring their children’s activities while on campus. Most (76.3%) of the respondents indicated that drug abuse had effects to individuals, 64.0% to the society and (44.7%). The study recommends the need to adopt interventions aimed at promoting student’s well-being in the university setting, while protecting them from accessing illegal drugs and substances that are harmful to their health and wellbeing. It is also paramount to involve local structures, such as the Nyumba Kumi initiative to track the sources of illegal drugs and substances to students on campus and in the neighbourhoods, to ensure their prevention and control. 
Policy Brief on The Status of Alcohol And Drug Abuse Control in Kenya for the Period Between 1st January To 30th June 2020
No full textPolicy Brief on The Status of Alcohol And Drug Abuse Control inKenya for the Period Between 1st January To 30th June 202
Policy Brief on the Status of Alcohol and Drug Abuse among Employees in the Public Sector Workplace in Kenya
Full text linkPolicy Brief on the Status of Alcohol and Drug Abuse amongEmployees in the Public Sector Workplace in Keny
Production, Sale, and Distribution of Unrecorded Liquor in Kakamega and Uasin Gishu Counties in Kenya
Full text linkAlcohol not captured in government statistics is referred to as unrecorded alcohol and accounts for 25% of all alcohol consumed globally, with prevalence in low and middle-income countries, Kenya inclusive. Alcohol control in Kenya is backed by national policies and executive orders since the colonial period. However, the control of unrecorded alcohol has not been effective given its growth and persistence in the country, despite government efforts towards the standardization of artisanal alcohol. This study sought to investigate the factors that motivate individuals to produce and trade in illegal artisanal liquor in Kakamega and Uasin-Gishu counties. A crosssectional research design was adopted, and both qualitative and quantitative data were collected using interview schedules and questionnaires from 30 illicit brew traders and 124 National Government Administrators (NGAOs) at the street level respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented thematically. It was found that bribery, poverty, laxity among authorities, high demand for Chang’aa and Busaa, as well as the quest for profit, among other factors, motivated individuals to produce, sell, and distribute unrecorded alcohol in Kakamega and Uasin-Gishu countie
Association between School-Based Mentoring Intervention Programs and Drug Abuse Among African American Aged 10-24 Years
Full text linkDrug abuse remains a significant global public health problem having socioeconomic consequences wrought by cognitive and physiological phenomena, as well as a cluster of behavioral, physical, serious social, and emotional problems. Worldwide, adolescents and young people are at most risk of drug abuse. The predisposing factors to drug abuse among adolescents and young people include gender, age, family structure and relations, poverty, and the accessibility and affordability of drugs. This problem is common across developed and developing countries, including Nigeria This study was conducted to evaluate the association between school-based intervention programs and drug abuse among African American young people with the ages of 10 – 24 years. The theoretical framework for the study was based on the health belief model. The study utilized secondary data set from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health for the analysis. The dependent variable was drug abuse, while the independent variable was mentoring interventions. The Chi-square analysis revealed a significant association between participation in school - based intervention programs and drug abuse [(χ2 (1, N = 3533) = 8.567, p = .003]. The observed association between drug abuse and schoolbased mentoring intervention programs suggests that other mentoring intervention programs may be modified for effectiveness, which would result in positive social change. The social implications of drug abuse among adolescents and young people, particularly undergraduates, cannot be quantified and it is one of the health related problems among and African and specifically Nigerian youth and remains a source of anxiety to various stakeholders, including the educational stakeholders. In view of the profound public health implications of these dangerous drug abuse habits among adolescents and young adults in African and Nigeria, the findings of this study may be generalized and implemented to bring about a needed social change