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A comparison in terms of dealing with the women's image: Works of Turkish and French women painters
No full textSanat tarihi boyunca kadınların sanata katılımı, toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri ve fırsat eşitsizliği gibi çeşitli engellerle şekillenmiştir. Virginia Woolf'un (1882-1941) Kendine Ait Bir Oda adlı eserinde William Shakespeare'in (1564-1616) hayali kız kardeşi Judith üzerinden ele alınan bu mesele, kadınların sanat alanındaki varlığını sorgulayan önemli bir referans noktasıdır. Woolf, kadınların eşit eğitim ve fırsatlar elde etmeleri durumunda erkeklerle aynı başarıyı yakalayıp yakalayamayacaklarını tartışırken, toplumsal normların kadınların yaratıcılığını nasıl sınırladığını gözler önüne sermektedir. Bu çalışma, kadınların sanatta karşılaştığı engelleri, kadın ressamların eserlerindeki kadın imgeleri üzerinden, Türk ve Fransız modernleşmesi bağlamında karşılaştırmalı bir perspektifle incelemektedir. Türk sanat tarihinin öncü kadın ressamları olan Mihri Hanım, Müfide Kadri ve Celile Hanım ile Fransız kadın ressamların eserlerinde kadın imgelerinin toplumsal, kültürel ve sanatsal bağlamda nasıl ele alındığı, bu imgelerin iki farklı modernleşme sürecindeki anlam farklılıkları çerçevesinde değerlendirilmektedir. Georg Baselitz'in (1938-) 2013 yılında dile getirdiği "Kadınlardan pek de iyi ressam olmuyor!" ifadesi, kadınların sanattaki geri planda kalmalarına dair yaygın bir görüşü temsil etmektedir. Ancak bu çalışma, kadınların her dönemde sanata önemli katkılar sağladığını ve eserlerinde toplumsal eşitlik arayışının önemli temsillerini ortaya koyduğunu savunmaktadır.Throughout art history,
Auditory threshold detection in Guinea pigs using chronically implanted electrodes and quasi auditory steady state responses
No full textBackground/Aim This study aimed to compare electrophysiological hearing thresholds in guinea pigs exposed to intra-cochlear trauma using the continuous loop deconvolution averaging method (CLAD) and quasi-auditory steady state responses (QASSR). Material and Methods Eight guinea pigs were implanted with electrodes at the lambda point. Intra-cochlear trauma was induced via electrode insertion. Hearing thresholds and amplitudes at 0.5, 1, 4, and 16 kHz were recorded using CLAD and QASSR methods. Recordings from the lambda electrode were compared with those from a conventional retro-auricular needle electrode. Results The lambda electrode demonstrated significantly lower mean auditory thresholds at all tested frequencies compared to the retro-auricular needle electrode in both trauma and non-trauma groups (P < 0.05). Amplitude comparisons revealed statistically significant differences at 1 kHz in the trauma group, and at 4 and 16 kHz in both trauma and non-trauma groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion The QASSR technique, coupled with chronic lambda electrode implantation, provides an effective method for estimating hearing loss induced by intra-cochlear trauma in guinea pigs
Prospective teachers' instructional visions and engagement in an approximation of practice regarding role of teacher and classroom discourse
No full textThe aim of this qualitative study was to examine prospective mathematics teachers' instructional visions and engagement in an approximation of practice during the Methods of Teaching Algebra course during a 14-week spring semester. One such approximation to practice is scripting tasks, which can reveal the visions of prospective teachers. Each of the 25 prospective teachers completed three scenarios, held group discussions, and revised individual scenarios. The main findings indicated that while prospective teachers had an instructional vision that aligned with ambitious instruction, they were unable to adequately reflect these visions in their engagement in the approximation to practice
Mechanism for Improving Acid-Induced Hazelnut Protein Gels Through High-Pressure Homogenization: Effect on Structural, Rheological and Gelling Properties
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the effects of high-pressure homogenization (HPH) (0, 25, 50, 100, and 150 MPa) pretreatment on the structural, rheological, and gelling properties of alkaline-extracted hazelnut protein isolate gels induced by glucono-delta-lactone (GDL). Homogenization pretreatment shortened the time required to obtain the maximum G ' value (12.65 Pa) from 32 to 28 min in the control sample. The particle size of protein isolates decreased with increasing pressure, resulting in lower particle size aggregates after gelation and in a denser gel structure with increasing gel hardness (from 1.52 g to 2.06 g) and WHC (from 31.95% to 48.36%). FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that HPH pretreatment and gelling time changed the secondary structure of the protein, promoting the formation of hazelnut protein gels. Hazelnut gel pretreated at 150 MPa exhibited the highest apparent viscosity and G ' value, indicating a more elastic and stronger gel network structure. The gel intermolecular force results showed that the contribution of hydrophobic interactions to gel formation was significant, and the chemical bond content of the gels increased with the increase in pressure up to 100 MPa. The physical stability of the gels was also improved by HPH pretreatment. Although the best WHC and physical stability were observed in the 100 MPa-pretreated gel sample, the hazelnut protein isolate pretreated at 150 MPa exhibited the best gel performance. Overall, HPH pretreatment has the potential to enhance hazelnut protein gel properties for industrial food applications.Fund of Scientific Research Projects of Trakya University [2023/140]; Fund of Scientific Research Projects of Trakya University (TUBAP)This research was supported by the Fund of Scientific Research Projects of Trakya University (TUBAP; Grant No: 2023/140)
Excitation of synchronous machine by contactless power transfer - review from the perspective of electric vehicles
No full textElectrically excited synchronous machines (EESMs) are one of the best choices for propulsion motor application in electric vehicles (EVs) due to their wide torque-speed characteristics. Moreover, the air gap flux density can be easily controlled by varying the excitation current. Despite these advantages, it is difficult to transfer the current required by the rotating excitation winding into the motor under conventional methods, so it is not widely used in EVs. In this study, the emerging literature on contactless power transfer methods is reviewed for applicability to an EESM that can operate as an EV propulsion motor. Design criteria such as resonance topologies, operating frequency, winding and core approaches are examined for applicability to EESMs that can be used in EVs. Consequently, an inductive power transfer excitation that uses segmented toroidal windings and parallel connected Series-Series resonance circuits of these windings is proposed
Sustainable Development in Focus: CO2 Emissions and Capital Accumulation
No full textIn the modern era, CO2 emissions is a popular and significant study topic. Environmental sustainability is adversely affected by CO2 emissions, which have become the main cause of climate change. Using panel data analysis, this study investigated the connections between CO2 emissions and economic development, capital accumulation, and the use of renewable energy. Long-term connections between variables were examined using the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) and Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) estimators, taking into account heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. Additionally, the Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Granger Causality Test was used to assess dynamic interactions between variables. Although CH4 emissions increase CO2 emissions, the effects of economic growth and capital accumulation are not statistically significant, as determined using the AMG and CCEMG. Although the use of renewable energy was shown to have the potential to lower CO2 emissions, this impact was not statistically significant. The results of the dynamic panel demonstrate that CO2 emissions increase with capital accumulation. Although methane (CH4) emissions significantly impact CO2 emissions, economic growth, capital accumulation, and renewable energy use do not show statistically significant effects, highlighting the varying influences of these factors across nations. The findings of this study emphasize the need to integrate environmental regulations into capital investment strategies and adopt country-specific policies to effectively reduce CO2 emissions. They also underscore the need to customize green legislation to the specific conditions of each nation while simultaneously advocating for further expenditures in clean energy and the formulation of policies to supplant fossil fuels
Methylene blue adsorption by Quercus cerris acorn shell based activated carbon: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies
No full textThe present study demonstrates that Quercus cerris acorn shell-derived activated carbon can serve as an effective and promising adsorptive material for the cationic Methylene Blue removing from aqueous solution via adsorption technique. The study explored how adsorbent concentration, temperature, initial adsorbate concentration, contact time, and pH influence MB adsorption onto QCAC. QCAC dosages of 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 105 mg/50 mL provided nearly 99.70% MB removal efficiencies for 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mg/L MB solution concentrations. It was found that the adsorption of MB on QCAC is notably impacted by solution pH, and that higher temperatures enhance the adsorption process, particularly at lower adsorbent concentrations. Adsorption properties were characterized by utilizing various adsorption isotherms, e.g. Temkin, Langmuir, Freundlich, and Jovanovi & cacute; and by utilizing various kinetic models such as pseudo-first-order, and pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models via their non-linear forms. When using non-linear version of isotherm models isotherm model, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm aligned well with the experimental data. The study evinced that the adsorption kinetics of QCAC by MB adapted well to kinetic model for pseudo-second order and the application of the particle-diffusion model contributed insights into MB adsorption kinetic mechanism on QCAC. Additionally, thermodynamic variables for the MB adsorption on QCAC were assessed, disclosing that MB adsorption process on QCAC was endothermic, reversible, and feasible.Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Kosovo [2-2541-1]This work was funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Kosovo under the Project Number of 2-2541-1 in 202
Effects of different intraoperative end-tidal carbon dioxide levels on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing thyroidectomy
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı, tiroidektomi operasyonu geçiren hastalarda intraoperatif end- tidal karbondioksit (ETCO2) düzeylerinin postoperatif bulantı ve kusma (POBK) gelişimi üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmektir. Prospektif gözlemsel çalışmaya 99 hasta dâhil edildi. ETCO2'si 26–30 mmHg arasında tutulanlar Hipokapni, 31–35 mmHg arasında tutulanlar Normokapni grubunu oluşturdu. Demografik veriler, ASA ve Apfel skorları, cerrahi-anestezi süreleri, intraoperatif opioid kullanımı, hemodinamik parametreler ve postoperatif analjezi kaydedildi. POBK insidansı 0–2, 2–6 ve 6–24 saatlik aralıklarda değerlendirildi. POBK toplam insidansı Hipokapni grubunda %60,4, Normokapni grubunda %37,2 idi (p = 0,035). Erken dönemde (0–2 saat) bulantı (%52,1 vs %29,4; p = 0,022) ve kusma (%47,9 vs %27,5; p = 0,035) Hipokapni grubunda anlamlı yüksek bulundu. Hipokapni grubunda kadın oranı, Apfel skoru ve sigara içmeme sıklığı daha fazlaydı; cerrahi süresi de daha uzundu (p = 0,022). Yaş, vücut ağırlığı, intraoperatif opioid dozu ve hemodinamik parametreler POBK üzerindeki farkı açıklamadı. Postoperatif tramadol kullanan hastalarda erken bulantı oranı daha yüksekti (p = 0,044). İntraoperatif hipokapni, özellikle postoperatif ilk iki saatte POBK insidansını artıran modifiye edilebilir bir risk faktörüdür. Ventilasyon stratejilerinin Apfel skoruna dayalı farmakolojik profilaksi yaklaşımlarını tamamlayacak şekilde göz önünde bulundurulması, tiroidektomi hastalarında POBK'nin azaltılmasına katkı sağlayabilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Bulantı kusma, ETCO2, POBK, TiroidektomiThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of intraoperat
Endocrine Adverse Events in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Analysis
No full textBackground and Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy, but their use is associated with a spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including endocrine disorders. This study aims to investigate the incidence, timing, treatment modalities, and impact of ICI-related endocrine side effects in cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 139 cancer patients treated with ICIs between 2016 and 2022. Data regarding endocrine irAEs, including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hypophysitis, and diabetes mellitus, were collected. The study examined the timing of irAE onset, management approaches, and the association between irAEs and treatment outcomes. Results: The most common endocrine irAE was hypothyroidism (65.5%), followed by hyperthyroidism (2.3%), hypophysitis (8.6%), and diabetes mellitus (0.7%). These disorders typically emerged within the first six months of ICI therapy. Most cases were managed conservatively or with hormone replacement therapy. Patients who developed endocrine irAEs exhibited a higher objective response rate (ORR) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) compared to those without irAEs. Conclusions: Endocrine dysfunction is a significant toxicity of ICI therapy. Early recognition, prompt diagnosis, and appropriate management are crucial to minimize their impact on patient health and quality of life. This study highlights the potential association between irAEs and improved clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and identify predictive biomarkers for irAE development
From in silico design to in vitro validation: Surfactant free synthesis of Oleuropein loaded levan nanoparticles
No full textPolymer-based nanoparticle systems are gaining increasing attention in drug delivery due to their stability, biocompatibility, and controlled release capabilities. Understanding the self-assembly behavior of polysaccharides is crucial for designing effective nanocarriers, yet the conditions governing their organization remain poorly explored. In this study, we employed a combined in silico and in vitro approach to investigate the self-assembly mechanisms of levan and leverage this knowledge to develop a surfactant-free, bioinspired drug delivery system. Molecular simulations revealed that self-assembly is strongly influenced by pH, with alkaline conditions promoting compact, organized structures and acidic conditions leading to disordered arrangements. Guided by these findings, levan nanoparticles were synthesized both with and without the addition of the commonly used non-ionic surfactants Pluronic F-127 and Tween-80 and under optimal conditions, surfactant-free formulations demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency (similar to 80-92 %), enhanced stability, and controlled release of oleuropein (OLE), a bioactive polyphenol with poor gastrointestinal bioavailability. In vitro release studies demonstrated sustained OLE delivery over 24 h, with diffusion-controlled kinetics in intestinal conditions. Antioxidant activity assays confirmed that OLE retained its radical-scavenging properties post-encapsulation. Furthermore, cytocompatibility tests using fibroblast and colon cancer cell lines demonstrated that levan nanoparticles were non-toxic and supported cell viability.Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [11041]; TUBITAK [221Z263]Financial support provided by Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (project 11041) is gratefully acknowledged. The simulations reported in this work were partially performed at TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TRUBA resources) . GK and HC acknowledge the financial support from TUBITAK (no. 221Z263) for part of this work