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A new leafhopper genus and one new species of the genus Edwardsiana of Typhlocybini (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae) from China
No full textThe mukariine species Mohunia biguttata (Wang & Li, 2003) had been transferred to the subfamily Typhlocybinae, but its tribal placement and generic status remained uncertain. In this study, a new genus, Ommatocyba Yan, Yang & Webb, gen. nov. is erected for Mohunia biguttata as Ommatocyba biguttata (Wang & Li), comb. nov., and placed in the tribe Typhlocybini, new placement, based on wing venation. In addition, a new species of Edwardsiana Zachvatkin, Edwardsiana wanglangensis Yan, Yang & Webb, sp. nov. (Typhlocybini) from Sichuan, China, is described and illustrated, and a key is provided for its separation
New records of Papilionoideae (Leguminosae) to Colombian flora: Lonchocarpus schiedeanus (Schltdl.) Harms and Bowdichia nitida Spruce ex Benth.
No full textWe report the first records of Lonchocarpus schiedeanus (Schltdl.) Harms and Bowdichia nitida Spruce ex Benth. from Colombia. Lonchocarpus schiedeanus represents the first species of L. sect. Willardia in South America; this section was previously known only from Central America and the Caribbean. Bowdichia nitida is primarily known from Brazil, with scattered records in Bolivia. Our findings extend the known distributions of these species to the Colombian Orinoquia and Amazon regions. Complete descriptions, images, information about habitat, and phenology are presented
First record of Croton rottlerifolius Baill. (Euphorbiaceae) in Pernambuco state, Brazil—a warning for the protection of threatened Brejos de Altitude of the Caatinga domain
No full textThe occurrence of Croton rottlerifolius Baill. in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, is recorded here for the first time. Individuals of this species were collected in the municipality of Triunfo in a Brejo de Altitude, a type of humid forest found in some mountain ranges and plateaus of the Brazilian semi-arid region. This new record is essential for a better understanding of the geographical distribution and conservation of C. rottlerifolius in Brazil
The role of pharmacists in managing mental health disorders: a review
No full textPharmacists are participants in the treatment and management of mental disorders as integral members of multidisciplinary healthcare teams. Their roles extend beyond dispensing medications to providing counseling, promoting adherence, managing drug interactions, assessing treatment outcomes, and supporting symptom management—all while ensuring empathy and confidentiality. They face challenges such as nonadherence, communication barriers, and public stigma. Pharmacists manage complex drug interactions, particularly those between psychiatric medications and nutritional supplements. In hospitals, clinical pharmacists optimize therapy, monitor treatment effectiveness, and train staff in mental health pharmacotherapy. This article emphasizes the need for specialized training for pharmacists to enhance their mental health care competencies. Countries such as the USA, UK, and Australia have successfully implemented such programs, while Bulgaria is integrating mental health care into pharmaceutical practice, expanding the responsibilities of pharmacists and raising public awareness. These achievements highlight the essential contribution of pharmacists to improving mental health outcomes and addressing related challenges
Three new species of Velia (Cesavelia) Koçak & Kemal, 2010 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Veliidae) from China
No full textVelia (Cesavelia) lii sp. nov. and Velia (Cesavelia) motuoensis sp. nov. from Xizang Province, China, as well as Velia (Cesavelia) yiliangensis sp. nov. from Yunnan Province, China, are described. Photographs illustrating the habitus in dorsal and lateral views, male metafemora, genitalic structures, and habitats, as well as a key to the species of Velia (Cesavelia) are provided, along with an updated distribution map of the subgenus
Two new species of Dolichurus Latreille (Hymenoptera, Ampulicidae) from China, with a key to species of the genus
No full textTwo new species of Dolichurus Latreille, 1809, namely D. albipedigerus Bai & Li, sp. nov. and D. nigrilamellatus Bai & Li, sp. nov. are described from China (Yunnan, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces). Dolichurus albipedigerus Bai & Li, sp. nov. is similar to D. apiciornatus Tsuneki, 1977, but differs in having the mandible ivory white medially, the clypeus with a weak median carina, and the body with ivory-white spots. Dolichurus nigrilamellatus Bai & Li, sp. nov. is similar to D. aposanus Tsuneki et al., 1992, but differs in having the frons with dense rugae converging toward the midline above the lamella, the sternaulus conspicuous, and the posterior margin of T1-T3 without tiny puncture-rows medially. Additionally, a key to the Chinese species of Dolichurus is provided
First record of Diplotaxis kohlaanensis (Brassicaceae) for the eastern African flora with taxonomical and phytogeographical remarks
No full textDiplotaxis (Brassicaceae) is a genus widely distributed in the temperate areas of Europe, Asia and Africa, reaching its greatest diversity in NW Africa, Cape Verde and the Mediterranean area. In eastern Africa, this genus is only represented by D. harra (Forssk.) Boiss. in Somalia and Djibouti, while no native species of Diplotaxis have been recorded from Ethiopia.The finding of Diplotaxis kohlaanensis A.G. Mill. & J.A. Nyberg, originally described from northern Yemen, is here reported for the first time in the Simien Mountains. Our finding has a particular phytogeographical and ecological significance, highlighting the relevant floristic relationships of the Arabian Peninsula mountains with the Ethiopian highlands. In addition, our investigations confirm the outstanding number of exclusive taxa shared by these two areas testifying to the past phytogeographical connection between these two territories. D. kohlaanensis is localised on the high-altitude cliffs, which represent a highly conservative environment for relict species. Finally, the taxonomical relationships of this taxon within the Diplotaxis harra complex are also examined
Evaluating brown trout as a potential biological control agent of signal crayfish
No full textThis study evaluates the potential of brown trout (Salmo trutta) as a biological control of a recently established signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) population in a protected area (Baceiro River, Montesinho Natural Park, Portugal). Five sampling sites were monitored throughout 2023. Results indicated that brown trout were able to predate on signal crayfish but did so infrequently as only 12.24% of the sampled fish showed signs of signal crayfish in their stomachs. The number of signal crayfish in the stomach contents of brown trout was also low (only 2.13% of all prey items), but accounted for 17.70% of the total biomass of all retrieved prey items. Predation was higher in the warmer months and was size-dependent, with larger fish more able to predate on this non-native crayfish species. These findings highlight that, although brown trout can prey on signal crayfish, their effectiveness as a biological control agent is limited due to their lower abundance and predation rates. However, this situation may change in the future since brown trout may increasingly consume signal crayfish as they become more familiar with this novel prey. Therefore, it is important to conserve key native populations, and even reinforce their abundance, to allow communities to develop effective resistance to non-native species. In the meantime, a multifaceted management approach that incorporates additional control strategies, such as mechanical removal, is recommended to reduce the abundance and biomass of signal crayfish, potentially mitigating their impact and helping to maintain ecosystem balance in this protected area
Eating contest between native and non-indigenous bivalve species: estimating capture efficiencies and clearance rates using natural seston
No full textDespite the burgeoning number of non-indigenous species (NIS) in worldwide coastal ecosystems, the quantification of their direct impacts on native communities remains largely unexplored. This is particularly true concerning feeding competition in sympatric filter-feeding bivalves. In this study, our aim was to fill a gap of knowledge on the potential trophic competition between native and non-indigenous bivalves, namely by focusing on three species that co-occur in Portuguese estuarine systems: the native cockle (Cerastoderma edule) and Portuguese oyster (Magallana angulata) and the non-indigenous Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum). The specific objectives were to i) estimate their capture efficiency (≈ particle retention efficiency; CE); ii) assess their clearance rates (CR); and iii) provide a science-based support for suitable management measures regarding NIS. Experiments were conducted in both field and laboratory conditions using the natural seston present in the seawater. The CE was higher for the larger size classes (8–14 μm) of particles measured (ranging from 4–14 µm), regardless of the species. While the individual CRs were not significantly different among species, the CR per gram of ash-free dry body tissue weight was significantly higher for the native cockle, suggesting that the NIS does not hold a competitive advantage in clearing suspended particles. However, the Manila clam might be limiting food sources availability to the native species since there is an overlap of their ecological niches
Surface swabs outperform most traditional honeybee (Apis mellifera) hive samples for recovery of eDNA and eRNA
No full textGenetic sampling from European honeybee (Apis mellifera) hives is a promising repository of terrestrial environmental nucleic acids (eNA) from a range of taxonomic sources. eNA samples from honeybee hives can be used to monitor environments via vegetation assessments and plant pathogen detection, while simultaneously assessing honeybee hive health through the identification of honeybee pests and pathogens. However, there is still limited comparison across the different types of hive samples commonly used for biomonitoring. There is also a need for less invasive sampling methods to facilitate adoption of hive eNA surveillance at scale. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of using non-invasive swabbing of hive entrances with common sample types collected from honeybee hives (honey, pollen, and bees) for eNA detection of various taxa. Using a DNA metabarcoding approach for bacteria (16S), animal (COI), fungi (ITS1), and plant (ITS2) identification, and metatranscriptomic sequencing for virus detection, swabbing was found to provide comparable or better detection of taxa compared with more invasive sampling methods. Swabs were most informative for identifying bacterial and fungal communities, while plant detections were similar between swabs and honey samples. Detection of RNA viral diversity was highest in honey samples, however, swabs also showed good recovery of plant and insect viruses. A minimum of two swab replicates was recommended to increase taxa yield for DNA metabarcoding. Our study suggests that swabbing of hive entrances is a highly effective biomonitoring method for non-invasively collecting hive eNA and delivering comprehensive surveillance for animal, plant and microbial communities in the environment