ARPHA OAI-PMH Endpoint
Not a member yet
49206 research outputs found
Sort by
A new Hemicyclops (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Clausidiidae) associated with the scleractinian coral Galaxea from the South China Sea
No full textThe genus Hemicyclops Boeck, 1873 is known for its association with various marine invertebrates, including cnidarians, crustaceans, polychaetes, and sponges, with some species also occurring in planktonic communities. Here, we report the first association of Hemicyclops with the scleractinian coral Galaxea fascicularis (Linnaeus, 1767) (Scleractinia, Euphylliidae). Hemicyclops cyanus sp. nov. is described based on a female specimen collected from this coral host in the lagoon (depth 10 m) of Dongsha Atoll, Pratas Islands, South China Sea. The new species is readily distinguished from its congeners by its characteristic genital double-somite, which bears prominent anterolateral expansions, and by the flexed, elongated exopodal segment of leg 5, which is more than three times longer than wide. In H. cyanus sp. nov., the paired spermatophores attached to the female are fused into a butterfly-shaped, highly modified complex with large lateral wings and a central tube into which the female urosome is inserted. To aid in species identification, we present the first comparative plate with schematic illustrations of the genital double-somites for the group of 25 species, including the type species
A new species of Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae) from northern Jiangxi, China
No full textA new species of the genus Boulenophrys (Anura, Megophryidae), Boulenophrys nebulosa sp. nov., is described from Mt. Lushan, Jiangxi Province, China. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA genes show that the new species forms a sister lineage to B. mufumontana. Morphologically, B. nebulosa sp. nov. differs from all known congeners by a unique combination of characters and from its closest relative, B. mufumontana, by the following combination of characters: (1) relative finger lengths I < II < IV < III; (2) indistinct subarticular tubercle at the base of each finger; (3) larger male body size (SVL 31.8–32.3 mm); (4) heels just meeting when hindlimbs are folded; (5) tibiotarsal articulation reaching the center of the eye when the leg is stretched forward; and (6) vomerine teeth present. This study expands the known distribution of Boulenophrys in Jiangxi and provides baseline data for biodiversity conservation efforts in Mt. Lushan
Revision of the genus Lepidopria Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae, Diapriinae) of the world fauna
No full textAll known species of the diapriid genus Lepidopria Kieffer, 1911 are revised, keyed and illustrated. A new species, L. bicarinata Chemyreva & Ku, sp. nov. is described from South Korea. The diagnosis of the genus Lepidopria, as well as that of all described species, has been clarified. New data on the distribution of the species L. masneri Notton, 1994 and L. pedestris Kieffer, 1911 are provided. The association of L. masneri with the nests of Solenopsis japonica Wheeler, 1928 is reported and the biology of Lepidopria species is discussed. Taxonomic status of the mysterious L. aberrans Brues, 1916 is considered and a new combination, Bruesopria aberrans (Brues), comb. nov., suggested
A new Athysanini leafhopper genus from China (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae), with description of two new species
No full textA new leafhopper genus of the tribe Athysanini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae), Neonakaharanus gen. nov., including two new species: Neonakaharanus curvatus sp. nov. (type species) and Neonakaharanus triangulatus sp. nov. are described and illustrated, and a key to species is provided. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC)
Dual GLP-1/GIP agonist tirzepatide modulates hepatic mitochondrial fusion–fission gene expression and oxidative stress in diabetic rats
No full textType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely linked to oxidative stress–induced mitochondrial dysfunction, disrupting the balance between fusion and fission processes and driving hepatic injury. Tirzepatide (TZP), a dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist, is recognized for its potent glycemic and weight-lowering effects, yet its influence on hepatic mitochondrial dynamics in diabetes remains unclear. In this study, diabetes was induced in Wistar rats using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin, followed by treatment with varying doses of TZP. Diabetic animals exhibited marked hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, elevated lipid peroxidation, reduced antioxidant capacity, and altered expression of mitochondrial fusion and fission markers, accompanied by significant hepatic inflammation and degeneration. TZP administration improved glycemic indices, restored redox balance, enhanced the expression of fusion-related genes (Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1), and suppressed the expression of fission-related genes (Drp1, Fis1) in a dose-dependent manner. Medium and high doses notably preserved liver histoarchitecture and reduced inflammatory changes. These findings suggest that TZP mitigates T2DM-associated hepatic injury by favoring mitochondrial fusion, alleviating oxidative stress, and protecting tissue integrity. The results provide mechanistic insights into TZP’s hepatoprotective potential and highlight the need for further validation at protein and functional levels
Sample event data on ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) collected by Biological Station Wijster (BSW) in the years 1959, 1961, 1963, 1965 and 1966
No full textHistorical data on invertebrates are rare and their preservation and FAIR publication are of high importance. Systematically collected historical data can greatly improve the baselines against which trends in biodiversity of these groups are measured. Therefore, we started a data publication project to digitise and publish one of the longest-running insect monitoring schemes in the world.The raw data presented in the dataset have not been published before. It consists of 45,486 records of 90,070 specimens from 134 species of ground beetles caught between 1959 and 1966 in the Province of Drenthe, the Netherlands. All specimens were identified to species level by taxonomic specialists. The data were collected using a standardised field study set-up with pitfall traps. Extensive cross-checking during digitisation guaranteed an error rate of < 0.1%.The dataset presented here forms part of a much larger dataset of 300,000 records and close to 1 million individuals of 172 ground beetle species collected in the same area from 1959 to the present day, which will be further digitised in the coming years. The first part of the dataset has been registered in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and can be found under: https://doi.org/10.15468/3mcqja
Five Years of the Guatemala Biodiversity Portal: Increasing Capacities for the Mobilization of Natural History Collections Using Symbiota
No full textSymbiota is an open source software for the management and mobilization of biodiversity information (Gries et al. 2014). Symbiota generated portals work as online Collection Management Systems (CMS) and medium-scale aggregators, facilitating digitization and mobilization taks simultaneously. CMS features for live-managed collections include a form to directly transcribe specimen data and upload images, as well as more advanced label editing, loan management, and georeferencing tools. Aggregator features allow administrators to integrate snapshot collections that are not directly managed in the portals. Currently, more than 60 portals are maintained by the Symbiota Support Hub, now based at the University of Kansas. Each portal is managed by a community of biodiversity researchers, often focused on specific taxa or regions. The Guatemala Biodiversity Portal (GBP) is a Symbiota-based platform, dedicated to digitization and mobilization of natural history collections in the country (Orellana et al. 2024), serving academic, non-governmental and governmental institutions. In five years of activity (September 2020 to September 2025), the GBP enabled the digitization and mobilization of more than 58,000 records of Guatemalan collections and biodiversity surveys (Fig. 1). Additionally, the GBP integrates specimen and observation records shared by foreign collections and iNaturalist, with taxonomic resources available in IUCN, Catalog of Life, World Register of Marine Species, and the Biodiversity Heritage Library, among others, increasing accessibility of specialized information for local communities.At least 86% of these records (more than 50,000) have also been mobilized to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) to increase their accessibility (GBIF 2025,Fig. 2). From GBIF, data can be cited in scientific publications and harvested by external platforms like Bionomia (Shorthouse 2020), aiding local researchers to claim credit for their collected and identified specimens. Moreover, the direct data mobilization to GBIF, has facilitated the aggregation of 30 collections and over 50,000 records to this global platform. The digital presence of Guatemalan collections has allowed the use of the data in at least 500 scientific publications, including studies developed by local scientists. Furthermore, Guatemalan collections and their digitized records are now available in the Global Registry of Scientific Collections (GRSciColl), increasing their international visibility. The GBP has also facilitated development of Symbiota documentation in Spanish, as well as online and in-person training in Guatemala. Regular workshops, meetings, and social media communications keep the community engaged and updated about the GBP. Online activities have also reached hundreds of users in natural history collections across Latin America, increasing capacity for the mobilization of biodiversity data in the region. The poster in Spanish presented during the conference is available as Supplementary Material (Suppl. material 1)
Mobilising Legacy Georeferencing Efforts
No full textAs we progress towards a globally accessible natural history collection, the ways in which we digitally curate, share and use our data will inevitably change. Digital specimen records enable access by in-country experts, increase the opportunity for specimen enhancement by the scientific community, and improve the breadth of research to which the specimens contribute.Digitisation workflows capture an image often with minimal transcription; they do not include the further enhancement of specimen records, such as georeferencing - the addition of coordinates to text based locality information. Typically used to georeference herbarium specimens, the point radius method assigns a coordinate and a measurement of maximum uncertainty (Wieczorek and Chapman 2020). Some herbarium specimens that lack coordinates still cannot be georeferenced using this method due to poor label data or the unavailability of contextual information.Data derived from herbarium specimens form the basis of species distribution modelling, taxonomic research and IUCN extinction risk assessments. If a specimen record does not have coordinates, then it is often discarded early in the data mining process, highlighting the importance of data enhancement through georeferencing, which confirms the species occurrence in space and time.The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework targets help to guide the most important applications of collection data for biodiversity conservation; Target 4, for example, aims to halt species extinction and protect genetic diversity (Convention on Biological Diversity 2023). Extinction risk assessments of plant species are underpinned by distribution maps derived from preserved specimens and observation records with coordinate information either recorded at the time of collection or through subsequent georeferencing of the specimen. However, over half of all herbarium specimens on Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) do not have coordinates and so robust extinction risk assessments often require a georeferencing step before applying the IUCN’s criteria. Other data types contributing to extinction risk assessment, such as population size and trend are often lacking and, where available, subjective and restricted to an expert’s firsthand knowledge of the species, making the data untraceable for the wider community (Nic Lughadha et al. 2019, Willis et al. 2003).As highlighted in Bloom et al. (2018), the estimated distribution of a species differs depending on the origin of the coordinate data. For example, non-georeferenced records tend to inflate the estimated distribution of a species. Working with collaborators with regional geographical expertise, and using datasets following standardised protocols, will more likely result in accurate and precise georeferenced records.As herbarium specimen labels can contain qualitative context on collection localities, the process of georeferencing is subjective and so an indicator of confidence and the georeferencer's method is important for end user trust and usability of the record. As more herbarium specimens are digitised, there is a growing need to produce georeferenced locality data at scale.. Although there are robust tools that can be used to supplement manual georeferencing, georeferencing of all specimens in natural history collections currently lacking coordinates is not feasible to resource, as georeferencing is time and resource heavy.The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew now contributes 5.8 million herbarium specimen records to GBIF, many of which will have between three and six duplicate specimens located in herbaria around the world. Enhancing these records with existing georeferencing efforts accumulated through the completion of several thousand extinction risk assessments will reduce duplicated effort and uncover georeferenced localities that would otherwise go undocumented. This dataset will also help in establishing protocols to apply when georeferencing plant collections in the future, particularly in data-poor tropical regions
Chironomus sp. J – an elusive species from the Chironomus plumosus (Linnaeus, 1758) sibling-species group (Diptera, Chironomidae)
No full textData on chromosomal polymorphism in two natural populations from the Inya River in Western Siberia (Novosibirsk province) of Chironomus sp. J (Kiknadze, 1991) —one of the sibling species from the Chironomus plumosus group — are presented for the first time. The species belongs to the “thummi” cytocomplex with 2n = 8 and the arm’s combination AB CD EF G and is closely related to Ch. nudiventris Ryser, Scholl et Wülker, 1983, which has 2n = 6 with the arm’s combination AB CD GEF (a modified “thummi” cytocomplex). The main difference between these two species is the number of chromosomes, apart from that they only differ by the frequencies of banding sequences in arm A, and the presence or absence of some polymorphic inversions. The banding sequence pool of Chironomus sp. J consists of 15 banding sequences. Inversions were found in five chromosomal arms – A, B, D, E, F. The most polymorphic arms were B and D. Two studied populations differed by the level of chromosomal polymorphism with one population being completely monomorphic and the other showing high level of polymorphism with 62–65% of heterozygotes and 0.83–0.88 heterozygotic inversion per larva (depending on the year of collection). Comparison of banding sequences to other species from the group showed that Chironomus sp. J is indeed closest to Ch. nudiventris, with the cytogenetic distance of 0.058 or 0.471 depending on the method of calculation, which indicates that these two species are very closely related. The relationship between Chironomus sp. J and other species from the Ch. plumosus group was discussed
Pharmacogenes associated with adverse reactions induced by second-generation antipsychotic drugs: A systematic review
No full textPharmacogenes are specific genes that determine how an individual will respond to medication. Some of these genes have been linked to adverse reactions caused by second-generation antipsychotics. A literature search was conducted using relevant terms across the PubMed, CTG Studies, and Scopus databases. The included articles examined pharmacogenes associated with adverse reactions induced by second-generation antipsychotics. The articles were published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 12 observational studies were included. The review protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251035803). The studies demonstrated an association of CYP1A2 with adverse reactions induced by aripiprazole (p < 0.035), clozapine (p = 0.009, p = 0.042, and p = 0.046), and olanzapine (p < 0.05). CYP2C19 was associated with clozapine-induced metabolic syndrome (p < 0.01). CYP3A4 was associated with clozapine-induced hyperglycemia (χ² = 0.1), and CYP3A5 was associated with quetiapine (p < 0.007). CYP2D6 was linked to adverse reactions induced by clozapine (p = 0.039), olanzapine (p = 0.047), risperidone (p = 0.021 and p = 0.02), and quetiapine (p = 0.003). This review shows that certain allelic variants of pharmacogenes are associated with adverse reactions to second-generation antipsychotics. This finding applies to patients with impaired metabolism. We recommend conducting longitudinal multicenter studies before promoting allelic variants of pharmacogenes as predictive biomarkers