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Phylogeny of the European Collema species (Peltigerales, Lecanoromycetes)
No full textThe phylogenetic relationships and morphological diversity within European Collema s. str. species were investigated. A total of 104 new sequences (four molecular markers; mtSSU, b-tub, MCM7, and RPB2 genes) from 28 specimens were generated, and analysed and used for multi-locus phylogenetic analyses. Our results suggest that Collema is only monophyletic if Collema glebulentum is considered part of Leptogium s. str. where it originally was described. This is supported by its paraplectenchymatous thallus. Degelius´ informal Collema “Flaccidum”- and “Nigrescens”-groups are not natural, as the “Flaccidum”-group is nested within the “Nigrescens”-group. Based on our findings, seven currently accepted Collema occur in Europe: C. flaccidum, C. subflaccidum, C. curtisporum, C. furfuraceum, C. nigrescens, C. ryssoleum, and C. subnigrescens. Collema furfuraceum is further non-monophyletic, suggesting a need for taxonomic revision
The role of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography in the successful outcome after mitral replacement for infective endocarditis on the background of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: a case report
No full textHypertrophic cardiomyopathy is most commonly an autosomal genetic disorder characterized by increased morbidity. Infective endocarditis, although rare, can complicate the course of the disease. The mitral and aortic valves are more commonly affected. Mitral valve vegetations may cause severe regurgitation and acute heart failure. In the event that the anterior valve leaflet is affected, this may result in severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO), requiring immediate intervention and resulting in a significant increase in mortality. We report a rare clinical case of a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy complicated by mitral valve infective endocarditis and LVOTO
Extramedullary dissemination in multiple myeloma: a case report of rare leptomeningeal involvement and comprehensive treatment outcomes
No full textMultiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell malignancy often confined to the bone marrow, although extramedullary disease (EMD) can develop, especially in advanced or relapsed cases. Leptomeningeal EMD is a rare and aggressive manifestation associated with a dismal prognosis. This case report highlights the critical role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in managing such complex presentations. A 73-year-old man with relapsed multiple myeloma and new lumbar pain was re-staged with 18F-FDG PET/CT, which showed metabolically active osteolytic lesions and possible leptomeningeal involvement. Subsequent MRI confirmed pathological intradural lesions, corroborated by histopathology as plasma cell neoplasms. PET/CT’s ability to detect hypermetabolic activity in atypical and non-enhancing lesions provided essential insights into disease progression, which guided effective treatment with radiotherapy and carfilzomib/dexamethasone-based therapy, resulting in sustained complete response. This case underscores the advantages of PET/CT, including early detection of subtle extramedullary lesions, superior sensitivity compared to conventional imaging, and precise monitoring of therapeutic response. Through the integration of advanced imaging and multidisciplinary care, this patient achieved 15 months of progression-free survival post-EMD detection, emphasizing the transformative impact of PET/CT in personalized myeloma management
Phragmotheca centinelensis (Malvaceae, Malvoideae or Matisioideae), a newly-discovered, endangered canopy tree species from a cloud forest in Pacific Ecuador
No full textDuring floristic inventories in remnant cloud forests of the Centinela Ridge of the Chocó Region of Ecuador, where less than 7 km2 of forest patches remain across an area of approximately 500 km2, we recently collected a new species in the genus Phragmotheca Cuatrec. We describe and illustrate this new species and contrast its morphology with known congeneric species. Due to its small range, threatened habitat and active targeting by loggers, this species is assessed as Endangered under IUCN Criterion B1B2ab(I,ii,iii,v)
Suillus bovinus sesquiterpenes stimulate root growth and ramification of host and non-host plants by coordinating plant auxin signaling pathways
No full textPrior to physical contact, ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi can regulate plant root growth and ramification by emitting volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the underlying mechanisms of these VOC effects, as well as the key signaling molecules within the VOC blends, are largely unknown. Under sterile conditions, we studied the effects of the Suillus bovinus VOCs on the root growth of Pinus massoniana or Arabidopsis thaliana before physical contact. Exogenously added auxin inhibitors and auxin-related mutants were used to explore the role of auxin in the promotion of plant root development by S. bovinus VOCs. S. bovinus VOCs stimulated host P. massoniana and non-host A. thaliana lateral root formation (LRF). Although these effects were independent of the host, they exhibited a symbiotic fungal-specific feature. Sesquiterpenes (SQTs) were the main S. bovinus VOC component that promoted LRF in plants. Two SQTs, α-humulene and β-cedrene, utilized different auxin pathways to promote plant root growth but did not affect the formation of an ECM symbiotic relationship between P. massoniana and S. bovinus. These findings enhance our understanding of the role played by SQTs in the signal recognition mechanism during the ECM presymbiotic stage and their role in promoting plant growth
Exploring Covilhã's Industrial Heritage: Outcomes of Sustainable Interventions Methodology
No full textThis article presents the first results of an innovative course in which, in a city as rich in industrial heritage as Covilhã, in Portugal, sustainable specificity is sought through the execution of artistic and functional interventions, based on an in-depth dialogue with the community, and which meets the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the UN's global agenda for 2030, which aims to create a fairer and more balanced future for all. From the exchange of ideas, knowledge and aspirations, the study of the city's history and its design, solutions are sought that materialize in urban design thanks to functional and aesthetically appealing artistic interventions, where their spatial location is studied as much as their execution using new technologies and the idea of co-participatory community creation. In terms of methodology, the use of surveys and interviews among the population and local agents, their analysis as well as the participatory design of university students, resulted in a set of initial ideas, some of which are presented in this article. These ideas, which synthesize the city's historical/cultural matrix and the SDGs in everyday objects, are intended to serve local authorities and entities in the pursuit of these objectives in a unique way, capable of generating multiplier effects in the local economy
Morphological and phylogenetic evidence reveals three new arthropod-associated species of Hypocreales (Clavicipitaceae, Bionectriaceae, and Myrotheciomycetaceae) from karst habitats in Guizhou, China
No full textThe karst regions of southwest China are rich in biodiversity and have critically threatened ecosystems, harboring unique species that could be new to science. During the investigations of arthropods associated-fungi, several fungal strains were collected. Among these, three new species, Conoideocrella tiankengensis sp. nov. (Clavicipitaceae), Ovicillium zunyiense sp. nov. (Bionectriaceae) and Trichothecium sinense sp. nov. (Myrotheciomycetaceae), isolated from a dead scale insect, larva and spider, respectively, were introduced as novel taxa, based on the morphological characteristics and DNA-based phylogenetic analyses. This is the first time that a species from Myrotheciomycetaceae is reported from the karst habitats. In addition, the genus Myrotheciomyces is treated as a synonym of Trichothecium based on the phylogenetic analysis, and the type species of the former is transferred to the latter genus
Carlephyton sajoreciae (Araceae, tribe Arophyteae), a new species from Daraina, Northern Madagascar
No full textCarlephyton sajoreciae is a new species of Araceae from northern Madagascar. It is distinguishable from the similar C. darainense mainly by the purple interior spathe, yellow spadix, 1-androus male flowers, loosely arranged stamens, and short, dark purple styles. A key for identification of the members of the Carlephyton has been provided. Interestingly, C. sajoreciae is the first species documented on humus-rich soils under forest, while other species grow on thin substrates among rocky outcrops. This finding highlights the botanical diversity in Madagascar, reinforcing the importance of conservation efforts in the region
Integrative taxonomic evidence for a new species of genus Gracixalus (Anura, Rhacophoridae) from Mao'er Mountain, Guangxi, China
No full textIt has been shown that the taxonomy of Gracixalus jinxiuensis species complex is very confusing. In this study, we tested for the taxonomy of Gracixalus species from Mao’er Mountain, Guangxi, China, which was once recorded as G. jinxiuensis, based on molecular, morphological, and bioacoustics evidence. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequences indicated that the samples from Mao’er Mountain form a distinct lineage closely related to G. jinxiuensis, G. huaping, and G. weii, and they were assigned into an independent operational taxonomic unit by analysis of species delimitation. Morphologically, the lineage from Mao’er Mountain can be distinguished from known congeners by a combination of the following characters: SVL 27.5–33.2 mm in males and 38.1‒39.7 mm in females; dorsal surface beige to brown, rough with a few tubercles on dorsum; internal vocal sac; linea masculina absent; nuptial pads present on fingers I and II; tibiotarsal articulation reaching center of eye; heels overlapping when legs at right angle to body; and white tubercles on temporal region, edge of upper and lower jaw, flank, and dorsal surface of limbs. In addition, bioacoustics analyses showed that the advertisement calls of the population from Mao’er Mountain also differ from advertisement calls of other Gracixalus species. Therefore, we officially described the lineage from Mao’er Mountain as a new species and named it as Gracixalus liusanjieae sp. nov. herein. Including the new species described in this study, now the genus Gracixalus contains 23 species, 12 of which are distributed in China with six known in Guangxi
Association between intelectin-1, sleep quality, and insulin resistance in infertile women of reproductive age
No full textIntelectin-1, in addition to its anti-inflammatory activity, may play a role in the pathogenesis of type II diabetes and sleep disorders. However, its exact role in humans still requires further investigation. This study was conducted on 175 women, divided into two groups: 90 patients with infertility (cases) and 85 fertile women (controls). In addition to sociodemographic and anthropometric measurements, the study collected information on intelectin-1, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), fasting blood sugar, insulin level, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), the homeostatic model assessment for β-cell function (HOMA-β), insulin sensitivity, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Intelectin-1 was shown to be a reliable biomarker for the assessment of menstrual irregularity and sleep quality. Moreover, intelectin-1 showed a significant negative correlation with body mass index, menstrual regularity, PSQI, and fasting blood sugar regulation, while it had a significant positive correlation with HOMA-β and AMH