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Updated annotated checklist, and new records of Boletales from Guerrero, Mexico: biocultural importance and potential
No full textGuerrero is one of the least studied states in Mexico for Fungi, despite its great diversity of vascular plants. The aim of this work was to update previously reported genera, provide new records from Guerrero and discuss the biocultural significance and potential use of Boletales from Guerrero, Mexico. Astraeus morganii Phosri, Watling & M.P. Martín is recorded for the first time in Mexico. Sixty‑eight species of Boletales reported from Guerrero with an annotated checklist, which includes photographs; 34 species are newly recorded from Guerrero. The family Boletaceae is the most diverse followed by Suillaceae and Scleroderma taceae. Aureoboletus russellii (Frost) G. Wu & Zhu L. Yang, Aureoboletus readii Ayala‑Vásquez, Pérez‑Moreno, Martínez‑Reyes, Carbajal‑Ramírez, Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca (Wulfen) Maire ex Martin‑Sans, Scleroderma texense Berk., and Tylopilus tabacinus (Peck) Singer are reported as having biocultural importance to Nahuatl, Na Savi, and Me’phaa native cultures. In addition, 45 species of Boletales are reported as potentially edible
Canalicular adenoma of the buccal mucosa: Diagnostic and surgical insights
No full textCanalicular adenoma is a benign tumor of the salivary glands that can occur in various locations within the oral cavity, with a predilection for the upper lip, but also in other regions, including the palate, parotid gland, esophagus, etc. It is characterized by oligosymptomatic presentation and a slow growth rate. Surgical treatment is required, and histological verification is essential. Long-term follow-up is recommended for optimal management
A new and endemic species of Struthanthus (Loranthaceae) from Guerrero, Mexico
No full textBackground and aims – Struthanthus is a neotropical genus with 60 to 70 species, distributed from northern Mexico to Argentina. Eighteen species are reported in Mexico. During fieldwork to investigate Struthanthus in Mexico, a new species was collected in the state of Guerrero. We present a full description, distribution map, illustrations, and photographs of an unusual new Struthanthus species endemic to Guerrero, Mexico. Material and methods – This study is based on fieldwork, literature revision, and examination of herbarium material. Collected specimens were prepared for storage in the herbarium, analysed, measured, described, and photographed. Preliminary conservation assessment is based on spatial analyses following IUCN guidelines and criteria. Key results – We propose a new species of Struthanthus for Guerrero, Mexico, S. longipetiolatus. This species is only known from cloud forests, oak-pine forests, and oak forests in the province of Sierra Madre del Sur, in the state of Guerrero. A distribution map and an identification key are provided for S. longipetiolatus and its morphologically similar congeners in the region. Conclusion – The newly described species increases the number of Struthanthus species in Mexico to 19 and the number of endemic species to nine. This discovery underlines the need for continued botanical inventories and research on parasitic plants
Merging taxonomy to systematics: A holistic approach to understanding the Poecilimon zonatus group (Orthoptera, Phaneropterinae)
No full textA taxonomical practice without integration of systematics remains incomplete or produces incorrect definitions. To address this, we linked the taxonomy of the Poecilimon zonatus group to its systematics by examining its phylogeny and phylogeography. We used both mitochondrial and nuclear genes representing all species except P. varicornis. The mitochondrial matrix was subjected to phylogenetic analyses and species delimitation tests while phylogenetic signals in the nuclear data were assessed via haplotype network. Species delimitation tests suggested 12–16 species and the genetically divergent lineages were examined for phenotypic disparity. The results led to the following conclusions. (i) after the nomenclatural changes made here, P. zonatus group consists of 13 species, two of which are polytypic; P. salmani Sevgili syn. nov. is synonymized with P. ciplaki; the subspecies P. ciplaki denizliensis Kaya and P. zonatus datca Sevgili, Sirin, Heller & Lemonnier-Darcemont are elevated to species level as P. denizliensis Kaya stat. nov. and P. datca Sevgili, Sirin, Heller & Lemonnier-Darcemont stat. nov., respectively; P. boncukdagensis sp. nov., P. parazonatus sp. nov. and P. anisozonatus sp. nov., are described as new species, and P. datca montana subsp. nov. and P. denizliensis kizildagi subsp. nov. as new subspecies, (ii) the common ancestor of species corresponds to Mid Pleistocene Transition, suggesting the major climatic turnovers as the main evolutionary driver, (iii) the isolated relict ancestors on highlands evolved under similar selection pressures leading to a conserved phenotype, consequently, to limited morphological divergence despite their genetic differences; (iv) although morphological diagnosability is poor, each species meets the criteria of several species concepts
First description of the male leafhopper Louangana stellata Wei & Webb (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Stegelytrini) from China
No full textThe monotypic leafhopper genus Louangana Wei & Webb, 2010 (Hemiptera, Deltocephalinae, Stegelytrini) is reported for the first time from China, and the male of its type species, L. stellata Wei & Webb, 2010, is described and illustrated for the first time. The characteristics of the genus Louangana are reviewed. The examined specimens are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC)
The scientific and educational role of the Invertebrate Division at the LOUNAZ Museum of Zoology in Loja, Ecuador
No full textThe Invertebrate Division of the Museum of Zoology of the Universidad Nacional de Loja (LOUNAZ) plays a leading role for the study, conservation, and education of invertebrate diversity in southern Ecuador, a region historically underrepresented in biodiversity research. Since its establishment in 2020, the division houses a collection of over 20,000 specimens and focuses on addressing critical knowledge gaps through scientific research, community outreach, and educational programs. By involving students, researchers, and the public, the Museum promotes awareness about the essential roles of invertebrates in ecosystems, including pollination, biological control, and nutrient cycling, as well as the importance of their conservation. The division also conducts studies on species composition, bioindicators and environmental threats to invertebrate populations, contributing to conservation strategies in a region facing significant anthropogenic pressures like deforestation, human population growth, chemical and light pollution, soil degradation, among others. The LOUNAZ Invertebrate Division has quickly become a key research hub, forming national and international collaborations to strengthen its impact on biodiversity conservation and scientific advancement
Case study of non-lethal sampling for plant-pollinator networks via barcoding and metabarcoding on bumble bees in Germany
No full text1. Insect decline is threatening ecosystem stability, making information about foraging preferences of pollinators a vital piece of information to acquire. A powerful emerging tool to study pollinator foraging behaviour is pollen-metabarcoding. This usually involves lethal sampling of insects. 2. Here, we propose a new, non-lethal way of sampling DNA for the analysis of pollen loads of bumble bees as well as the pollinator. The new methodology does not significantly harm the insect and is easy to implement in a wide range of study designs. The tool is cheap and easy to acquire, can easily be used in the field and has the potential to become a powerful tool in studying plant-pollinator interactions. 3. To test its feasibility, plant-pollinator networks were analysed using metabarcoding of the ITS2 region. Plants flowering at the time of collection were also recorded as a reference comparison. 4. Bumble bees with ambiguous morphology were additionally identified, based on COI barcoding. 5. With the workflow developed here, it is possible to gain knowledge about plants and their pollinators in a non-lethal way without reducing population sizes. This makes this method particularly suitable for endangered and protected species
Description of Ceratogeusis thamiresae new genus and species from Panama, the first Telegeusinae (Coleoptera, Elateroidea, Omethidae) with flabellate antennae
No full textCeratogeusis thamiresae Ferreira, gen. et sp. nov., the first Telegeusinae with flabellate antennae, is described from Panama. The new genus and species is diagnosed and illustrated, and an updated key for the genera of Telegeusinae is given. The Telegeusinae genus Platydrilus López-Pérez & Zaragoza-Caballero, 2021, was discovered to be a junior homonym of Platydrilus Michaelsen, 1891 (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Eudrilidae), and therefore a pre-occupied name
From burrows to spotlight: first description of the female of Eresus lavrosii Mcheidze, 1997 (Araneae, Eresidae), with notes on the natural history
No full textEresidae (velvet spiders) is a relatively small family of spiders, most-diversified in the African continent. The present study provides the first description of the female of Eresus lavrosii Mcheidze, 1997, which has remained undiscovered for over two decades. We also briefly review the species’ history and add knowledge of its ecology, biology, and distribution. Diagnostic drawings and digital photographs of female and male copulatory organs, alongside COI barcoding results, photographs of live and preserved specimens, and of microhabitat are also presented
Cosmic-Ray Neutron Sensing as a multi-purpose technology in eLTER platforms
No full textCosmic-Ray Neutron Sensing (CRNS) has emerged among proximal sensors as a reliable technique for non-invasive Soil Moisture (SM) estimation at a scale much larger than the usual point-scale sensors and at sub-daily resolution (Bogena 2015). The CRNS method is now widely used by research institutions and agencies around the world and nation-wide CRNS soil moisture networks have been established (Andreasen 2017, Bogena 2022). A procedure for proper use and calibration has been published by the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture (IAEA 2017). CRNS is also mentioned as a method for the measurement of Soil Water Content (SOHYD_168 variable) in prime eLTER sites (Zacharias 2024). Another flourishing application of the same technology is the measurement of Snow Water Equivalent (SWE - equivalent amount of liquid water stored in the snowpack), with Électricité de France being the first to deploy a full network on the French Alps and the Pyrenees (Paquet and Laval 2007). A smaller but more dense network has been recently deployed on the mountains of Veneto, Italy, by the Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Veneto (Valt et al. 2024).CRNS is based on detecting ambient neutrons close to the land surface, generated as a consequence of the flow of high-energy particles from space and strongly absorbed by water molecules. The rate of neutron count rate by a detector placed above ground is correlated to the SM within a volume spanning up to a dozen hectares extension and up to 50 cm depth. In the case of SWE, the neutron count rate by a detector placed at the ground and buried by the snow is correlated to the SWE in the snowpack. Finapp developed a light and safe detector based on a lithium-doped plastic scintillator material, suitable for CRNS applications on field (Gianessi 2024). We report ongoing measurements by Finapp CRNS probes integrated in eLTER monitoring sites in Austria (Landslide Observatory at Hofermühle), Spain (Doñana Biological Reserve - DBR) and Italy (Istituto Angelo Mosso).Between Nov. 2022 and the end of 2023, Finapp probes were installed in the DBR, inside Doñana National Park (SE Spain), an LTSER Platform (eLTER), for a comparative monitoring of different habitats. Fig. 1 shows the measured SM dynamics in 3 different sites within the DBR during the period of co-existence of the 3 probes: Juniper (woodlands on top of stabilized sand dunes), Monte Negro (heathlands in the lowland mantle) and Monte Blanco (xeric shrubland on top of stabilized sand dunes). They show a coherent dynamical response to rain events, characteristic of very sandy soils where water quickly infiltrates towards inferior horizons and feeds the aquifer. The effect of the 2024 dry summer is clearly visible.The region of Lower Austria is highly prone to landslides, therefore a long-term monitoring project on slow-moving landslides was established in 2014 at three different sites (Landslide Observatories) to investigate surface and subsurface dynamics (Marr et al. 2023). This monitoring network is embedded in the Austrian LTSER Platform Eisenwurzen as LTER NoeSLIDE. A CRNS probe was installed in May 2023 at the Landslide Observatory at Hofermühle to investigate the role of SM as a triggering factor for landslides. On Feb. 20th 2024, a field sampling campaign of the SM within the sensor footprint was performed and used as a calibration point. Activities in this site included rover mapping campaigns, in which the probe was unmounted and moved to different points to the purpose of obtaining a mapping of the relative variation of SM across the site. Within the Histalp project precipitation time series, we identify the meteorological station of Waidhofen/Ybby as the most relevant to describe patterns at Hofermühle, which is about 7 km away*2. It shows a mean annual precipitation rate of 1197 mm/a (1896-2021) with the wettest months being June, July and August. Between Sept. 12th and 16th 2024, an exceptional atmospheric pattern led to long-lasting heavy rainfalls in many parts of Austria (BML 2024), which is also reflected in the data provided in Fig. 2.The probe at the Istituto Mosso LTER site (NW Italian Alps, 2901 m a.s.l.) was installed in Dec. 2023 to continuously measure SWE during the snow-covered season 2023/2024. To assess the performance of the probe, the measured data were compared with SWE values collected during targeted field campaigns. Fig. 3 shows the variability of the continuous SWE during the analysed period and the SWE values measured in the field, highlighting the good accuracy of the probe. The probe is currently installed to measure the SWE during the snow-covered season 2024/2025, while more probes are planned to be installed at the site with the goal to measure both SWE and SM (during the snow-free season).The same technology has been applied to notably different scenarios, highlighting the versatility and reliability of CRNS for monitoring the dynamics of water in different forms and under a variety of conditions. We suggest that the spreading use of CRNS probes in monitoring networks will improve the comparability across scales and environments