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Reporting in circles? How public firms navigate ESRS E5 on the circular economy
No full textIn 2024, the first annual reports prepared under the CSRD guidelines were published. This study examines how 75 companies listed on the Amsterdam stock exchange report on their performance regarding the circular economy, as framed in ESRS E5, with the aim of understanding the extent to which the principles of the circular economy are embedded in the organization. The results reveal a mixed picture: while a select group of companies demonstrates promising practices by aligning double materiality (identifying Environmental Social or Governance (ESG) topics relevant to the organization), strategy, objectives, targets, actions, and even executive remuneration, the majority limit their reporting to more linear-oriented measures such as waste reduction, use of recycled materials, or product reuse. What is largely missing from the reports, is a long-term vision and a roadmap
Comparative accuracy of LDL-cholesterol estimation: a meta-analysis of the Friedewald and Martin-Hopkins equation
No full textВъведение: Холестеролът с ниска плътност (LDL-C) е основен биомаркер за сърдечно-съдовия риск. Формулата на Фридевалд отдавна е стандарт за оценка на LDL-C, но има ограничения, особено при пациенти с хипертриглицеридемия или ниски нива на LDL-C. За подобряване на точността са разработени няколко алтернативни уравнения, включително формулите на Мартин-Хопкинс (M/H) и Сампсън. Сред тях M/H е спечелила признание за ефективността си при конкретни популации, но тя представлява само една от няколкото усъвършенствани методи, използвани в професионалните среди. Целта на това проучване беше да се извърши метаанализ, сравняващ точността и прецизността на формулите на Friedewald и M/H при различни популации, като се отчита, че съществуват и други подходи. Методи: Беше проведен систематичен преглед на статии, публикувани между 2018 и 2024 г., като се използваха PubMed, Embase, Scopus (Elsevier) и Web of Science – проучвания, които отговаряха на критериите, директно сравняваха двете формули с директното измерване на LDL-C при възрастни популации. Използва се модел с произволни ефекти за обединяване на средните абсолютни грешки (MAE), средноквадратичните грешки (RMSE), корелационните коефициенти и p-стойностите. Хетерогенността беше оценена с помощта на статистиката I². Резултати: Бяха включени осем нови проучвания с общо 192 094 участници. Формулата M/H показа значително по-ниска MAE (3,6 mg/dL спрямо 8,4 mg/dL, p 200 mg/dL или LDL-C 200 mg/dL or LDL-C <70 mg/dL. Conclusion: The M/H formula provides more accurate and precise LDL-C estimation than Friedewald, particularly in clinically vulnerable groups. However, it should be considered one of several improved approaches, alongside other equations such as Sampson, which may perform better in certain populations. M/H can be recommended as a strong option, but is not the sole alternative for routine lipid profi ling
Subclinical atrial fibrillation in patients with cardiac implanted electronic devices
No full textСубклинично предсърдно мъждене (SCAF) при пациенти с имплантируеми електронни сърдечни устройства (CIED) е съществена област на изследване в кардиологията. То се изразява в епизоди на предсърдно мъждене при асимптомни пациенти, регистрирани чрез устройства за продължително мониториране на сърдечния ритъм. Поради това, ранната диагностика се оказва трудна при пациенти без CIED или при липса на преносими устройства за продължително мониториране на сърдечния ритъм. Имплантируемите устройства, като постоянни пейсмейкъри (PPM), имплантируеми кардиовертер дефибрилатори (ICD), устройства за ресинхронизация (CRT) и имплантируеми сърдечни монитори (IRL), са основата за откриването на епизодите на SCAF, като предоставят непрекъснато наблюдение и регистриране на електрическата активност на сърцето. Ранното откриване на SCAF, позволява навременно прилагане на профилактични или терапевтични мерки, което води до редукция не само на тежестта на заболяването, но и до значително намаляване на заболяемостта и смъртността при тези пациенти. Широкото приложение на CIED и преносими електронни устройства доведе до диагностициране на субклинично предсърдно мъждене при значителна част от населението. Това от своя страна, би довело до редукция на тромбоемболичните инциденти чрез започване на своевременна антикоагулантна терапия. Въпреки това все още липсват ясни препоръки в кой момент и при коя част от населението дългосрочната антикоагулация е оправдана спрямо хеморагичния риск. Този обзор цели да се разгледат съществуващите данни и да се идентифицират текущите пропуски в знанията. The subclinical atrial fi brillation (SCAF) in patients with cardiac implanted electronic devices (CIED) is a critical area of research in cardiology. It represents episodes of atrial fi brillation (AF) that occur in patients without any noticeable symptoms, registered by electronic devices for prolonged rhythm monitoring. Because of that, early diagnosis has proven to be diffi cult in the absence of advanced monitoring tools, such as smart electronic devices or implantable cardiac hardware. CIED, such as permanent pacemakers (PPM), implantable cardioverter defi brillators (ICD), resynchronization devices (CRT) and Loop Recorders (IRL) are fundamental in the detection of such episodes and provide continuous monitoring of the cardiac electrical activity. The early detections of SCAF provide the ability to initiate early prophylactic or therapeutic measurements that will help reduce not only the burden of disease, but also to reduce morbidity and mortality. The widespread use of CIED`s and wearable devices has led to the detection of subclinical AF in a signifi cant portion of the population. Thus, this detection may often help reduce the incidents of thromboembolism by initiating anticoagulation therapy. However, it is still unknown at what point and in which population long-term anticoagulation is benefi cial, having also in consideration the hemorrhagic risk. This review aims to explore the existing data and to identify the current gaps in knowledge
Notulae to the Italian native vascular flora: 20
No full textIn this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of native vascular flora in Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, and exclusions to the Italian administrative regions for taxa in the genera Aethusa, Alchemilla, Astragalus, Avena, Carex, Centaurea, Centranthus, Chenopodiastrum, Crepis, Elatine, Filago, Gagea, Lamium, Lappula, Lysimachia, Nymphoides, Onobrychis, Plantago, Pseudopodospermum, Salix, Seseli, Stachys, Ulmus. A new combination in the genus Valeriana (V. pontecorvi) is proposed. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrigenda are provided as Suppl. material 1
Checklist of the Cucurbitaceae of Madagascar
No full textThis checklist of Malagasy Cucurbitaceae comprises 26 genera with 77 species and five varieties, including five new species to be formally described when more complete ecological and genetic data are available. Of the 82 taxa, 65 are classified as indigenous, and of those, 52 species and 5 varieties are endemic (88% of the native taxa). Six exotic species have permanent populations outside cultivation (naturalised exotics). Another eleven exotics are cultivated and occasionally found escaped from cultivation (casuals). The checklist covers taxonomic information including type specimen(s), vernacular names, DNA sequence information, photos, global and national distribution data with status (endemic, non-endemic native, naturalised, or cultivated), plus ecological and habitat information. Our analysis of IUCN conservation status suggests that half of the native species (32) are threatened, mainly due to habitat destruction. For 12 taxa we lack information to suggest IUCN status but many of them might turn out to be threatened or even extinct. Nine species are absent from protected area, 21 were found only in a single reserve. The Andohahela National Park is home to the greatest Cucurbitaceae diversity with 13 species, followed by Zombitsy-Vohibasia with 12 species. The most species-rich genera are Peponium (up to ten endemic species), Zehneria (eight species, six of them endemic), Ampelosycios and Xerosicyos (each seven endemic species). Our study reveals overlooked diversity in a plant family of global importance and highlights the need for additional fieldwork and collection in several genera, including Cayaponia, Cyclantheropsis, Peponium, and Kedrostis
The enigmatic blue-green iridescence of Sapphirina ovatolanceolata (Dana, 1849) (Crustacea, Copepoda, Sapphirinidae): a live observation from the Lakshadweep waters
No full textThe marine planktonic cyclopoid copepod genus Sapphirina is renowned for its striking iridescence, yet in situ observations of this phenomenon are relatively rare. This structural iridescence arises from the interference and reflection of light by thin, multilayered hexagonal guanine crystal platelets in the integument. The dazzling colors, which range from red to blue or violet, vary among species and are displayed exclusively by males. This feature likely serves as an adaptation for mate recognition, intraspecific communication, and predator avoidance through rapid shifts to transparency. During a field expedition near Kavaratti Island in the Lakshadweep archipelago (India) in January 2020, we observed a distinctive “jeweled” appearance of the seawater surface at about 8:30 AM. Investigation revealed that the phenomenon was caused by a swarm of Sapphirina ovatolanceolata males exhibiting brilliant blue-green iridescence. This short communication documents the occurrence and identification of S. ovatolanceolata from Lakshadweep waters, providing live photographic evidence of its blue-green iridescence in the natural environment
GeoPl@ntNet: A High-Resolution Biodiversity Mapping Platform for Environmental Forensics
No full textThe increasing frequency of environmental crimes (Rippingille 2023), from illegal deforestation and habitat degradation to biopiracy, requires new digital tools for collecting, verifying, and communicating biodiversity evidence. GeoPl@ntNet addresses this need by transforming citizen-science and expert plant observations into auditable, high-resolution biodiversity intelligence suitable for research, conservation, and forensic applications.Built upon the globally used Pl@ntNet infrastructure, which hosts more than 20 million users contributing georeferenced plant observations from 200 countries, GeoPl@ntNet Leblanc et al. (2025a) integrates this vast dataset with environmental predictors to generate predictive biodiversity maps at 50×50m spatial resolution. At its core, GeoPl@ntNet employs a multi-species deep learning model (DeepSDM Botella et al. 2018) and a Habitat Distribution Model based on a transformer model.The DeepSDM is first trained on approximately 30 million Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) species occurrence records and 5 million European Vegetation Archive (EVA) surveys to infer species presence, habitat types, and biodiversity indicators across Europe. The model combines environmental variables, Sentinel-2 RGB and near-infrared imagery, elevation, land cover, and long-term climatic time series. Species distribution predictions are then computed over a European grid of 50×50 m cells within 25×25 km meta-tiles. The species distribution predictions are subsequently fed into a transformer-based model (Pl@ntBERT Leblanc et al. 2025b) to predict habitats under the EUNIS 2020 standard. Finally, derived biodiversity indicators, such as counts of protected, local, or invasive species, are aggregated into reproducible spatial layers that users can explore, download, or integrate via WMS or STAC services.Beyond ecological research, GeoPl@ntNet demonstrates strong potential for environmental forensics. Investigators can detect non-native or invasive taxa near ports and industrial areas, monitor biodiversity decline before and after disturbance events, and generate standardized biodiversity reports that support legal or regulatory proceedings.GeoPl@ntNet implements a provenance-based auditing system that tracks the full lifecycle of each biodiversity layer. Every map is linked to machine-readable metadata describing the source datasets, model versions, and environmental predictors used to generate it. These metadata are exposed through STAC and WMS services, enabling external verification, reproducibility of outputs, and legally traceable biodiversity reporting.The platform's design: Nuxt and Leaflet for the frontend, Python backend with MapProxy and TiTiler services, also ensures transparency and reproducibility, enabling alignment with TDWG data standards including World Geographic Scheme for Recording Plant species Distributions (WGSRPD) and EUNIS habitat classifications. By coupling scalable AI models trained on both citizen-science and expert data with diverse maps and reports, GeoPl@ntNet connects biodiversity informatics with environmental governance, enabling auditable, site-level verification of biodiversity integrity.Accessible via https://geo.plantnet.org, the platform will be extended to global coverage and integrated within Pl@ntNet to support scalable and legally robust biodiversity assessments worldwide
Power and pay: The moderating role of CSR contracting in CEO compensation
No full textWe empirically investigate the effect of CEO power on CEO compensation. Additionally, we examine the moderating role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) contracting on the relationship between CEO power and CEO compensation. Analyzing 3,629 firm-year observations, we find that there is a statistically significant relationship between CEO power and CEO compensation. While we do not find significant results for the moderating role of CSR contracting on the relationship between CEO power and total compensation, our additional analyses show that when firms integrate CSR criteria in CEO compensation contracts, CEOs with higher power can extract higher non-performance based compensation
First record of the genus Elaphe Fitzinger in Wagler, 1833 (Squamata, Colubridae) in Pakistan
No full textWe report the first records of the Himalayan Ratsnake, Elaphe hodgsonii (Günther, 1860), from Pakistan, which are the first confirmed occurrences of the genus in the country. Several observations from May–June 2025 allowed us to document the species from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province and Azad Jammu and Kashmir Region, extending the known range westward from India. One juvenile specimen was deposited in the Pakistan Museum of Natural History (PMNH 5164). These findings confirm earlier published predictions and highlight the Himalaya as a transitional biogeographic zone, while underscoring the need for further surveys and phylogeographic studies
Predicting landscape disturbance using adult Trichoptera: one (caddis) metric to rule them all?
No full textThe adult stage of Trichoptera is valuable for assessing the biotic integrity of streams; however, it is not clear which specific metric(s) have the greatest value for doing so. In this study, >500,000 adult caddisfly specimens reflecting 299 species were sampled and identified from 903 stream sites throughout the northcentral United States. Specimen data were compiled into 31 water quality metrics encompassing taxonomic richness, diversity indices, pollution tolerance, percent dominant taxa, and relative abundance of functional feeding groups. Each metric was individually tested for its ability to predict the known percentage of undisturbed habitat upstream of each sampling site using simple linear regression modeling. Most metrics were statistically significant but had R2 values <0.30. The highest performing models were taxonomic richness at the species (R2 = 0.40), genus (0.52), and family (0.59) levels and the Hilsenhoff Biotic Index (HBI) (0.37). The family level of taxonomic resolution produced models with a higher R2 value than genus or species for all four of the metrics where taxonomic resolution was tested. Multiple linear regression models of all 31 metrics (R2 = 0.65) and of combined family richness, HBI, and the ratio of shredders to filtering collectors (0.62) exhibited modest improvements over using family richness exclusively. These results indicated that simple taxonomic richness metrics constitute the most effective predictors of undisturbed upstream habitat when using adult caddisfly data, and that family richness may be the most effective of all due to low stochastic variation and ease of use