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Anonimowy krakowski druk O widzeniu komety poświęcony Wielkiej Komecie z 1577 r. Studium i edycja
Get PDFThe article concerns an anonymous print entitled O widzeniu komety [On the seeing of the comet], published in Kraków in 1578, which is a translation of a German text devoted to the Great Comet of 1577. The most likely source is the nowlost Leipzig print, Beschreibung des Cometen. The text of Widzenie is placed against the background of sixteenth-century cometographic and chronological literature. The issue of interpolations made by the translator is raised, as well as the ambiguity of the attribution of the publisher responsible for the publication of this print and the sources of the iconographic material.Artykuł dotyczy anonimowego druku O widzeniu komety wydanego w Krakowie w 1578 r., będącego przekładem niemieckiego tekstu poświęconego Wielkiej Komecie z 1577 r. Jako najbardziej prawdopodobne źródło wskazano zaginiony dziś lipski druk Beschreibung des Cometen. Tekst Widzenia umieszczono na tle XVI-wiecznej literatury kometograficznej i chronologicznej. Poruszono kwestię interpolacji dokonanych przez tłumacza, a także niejednoznaczności atrybucji oficyny odpowiedzialnej za wydanie tego druku oraz źródeł materiału ikonograficznego
Herrschermacht versus Ständemacht. Wahlkapitulationen und Krönungsreverse im Königreich Böhmen im 14. und 15. Jahrhundert
Get PDFThe article concerns the relationship between the monarch and the estates in the Kingdom of Bohemia in the 14th and 15th centuries, based on an analysis of election capitulations, coronation oaths and reverses. Based on preserved sources from the time of King John of Luxembourg to Ferdinand I, the author shows that although a fixed form of oaths and reverses developed, their specific shape and political significance always depended on the current situation and the balance of power between the ruler and the estates. The study thus proves that electoral capitulations and coronation reverses were not only ceremonial acts, but above all instruments of political negotiation, shaping the Czech-specific culture of the estates with its concept of balance between the king and the land. The author also shows that no established ritual developed during the negotiations for the acceptance of a new ruler and that each election was a unique act.Artykuł dotyczy stosunku między władzą monarchy i stanów w Królestwie Czeskim w XIV i XV w. w oparciu o analizę kapitulacji wyborczych, przysiąg koronacyjnych i rewersów. Na podstawie zachowanych źródeł z czasów od króla Jana Luksemburskiego do Ferdynanda I autor pokazuje, że rozwinęła się wprawdzie ustalona forma przysiąg i rewersów, ale ich konkretny kształt i polityczne znaczenie zależały zawsze od aktualnej sytuacji i równowagi sił między władcą a stanami. Studium dowodzi tym samym, że kapitulacje wyborcze i rewersy koronacyjne były nie tylko aktami ceremonialnymi, ale przede wszystkim instrumentami politycznych negocjacji, kształtującymi specyficzną dla Czech kulturę stanową z jej konceptem równowagi między królem a ziemią. Autor pokazuje zarazem, że podczas negocjacji o przyjęcie nowego władcy nie rozwinął się żaden ustalony rytuał a każda elekcja była aktem niepowtarzalnym
„A mnie, białogłowie, samej trudno było wszędzie być”. Kobieta w przestrzeni publicznej: przyczynek do losów Teresy Racheli Sapieżyny
Get PDFOn the basis of Teresa Rachela Sapieha’s letters to her husband, a starost of Merkinė (Merecz) Antoni Kazimierz Sapieha, which were written in 1727, the article discusses Sapieha’s relationships with the officials of the Sapiehas’ estate, her husband’s creditors, clients, and trustees and officials in the Lithuanian Tribunal. The correspondence shows that Sapieha was not only interested in her husband’s affairs and followed the events of public life, but she was also advising him, helping in financial matters, and implementing different strategies in order to achieve hers (and her husband’s) goals.W artykule omówiono, na podstawie listów Teresy Racheli Sapieżyny do męża, starosty mereckiego Antoniego Kazimierza Sapiehy, pisanych w 1727 r., relacje Sapieżyny z urzędnikami posiadłości Sapiehów, wierzycielami, klientami i powiernikami jej męża w Trybunale Głównym Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego oraz urzędnikami tej instytucji. Korespondencja pokazuje, że Sapieżyna nie tylko interesowała się sprawami męża i śledziła wydarzenia życia publicznego, ale także doradzała mu, pomagała w sprawach finansowych i stosowała różne strategie, aby osiągnąć swoje (i męża) cele
Perspektywy polskiej historii historiografii. Kilka refleksji na marginesie ankiety „Klio Polskiej”
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Heyde's Syndrome - a comprehensive review
Get PDFIntroduction: The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge about Heyde’s syndrome, including its etiology, clinical symptoms, imaging and laboratory findings. The issue of potential complications is raised. Moreover, treatment strategies are introduced.
Materials and methods: A review of the literature was conducted through PubMed database to identify articles related to Heyde’s Syndrome using following keywords: “Heyde’s syndrome’’, “acquired von Willebrand disease”, “aortic stenosis”, “gastrointestinal bleeding”.
Summary: Heyde’s syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the triad of aortic stenosis, acquired coagulopathy, and anemia due to recurrent bleeding from gastrointestinal dysplasia. Diagnosis is based on positive results in combined tests such as colonoscopy with the presence of angiodysplasia, echocardiogram showing aortic stenosis, and screening tests for von Willebrand syndrome type 2A. The main treatment is the replacement of the aortic valve, either by surgery or by TAVI.
Conclusions: Awareness of Heyde's syndrome is important for its proper identification and treatment. The management of this disease requires the teamwork of physicians from different specialties
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): Effects on pregnancy, delivery and long-term health outcomes in mothers and offspring
Get PDFIntroduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is conventionally defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy [1]. GDM has been consistently associated with a spectrum of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes [2]. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) on maternal and neonatal outcomes during pregnancy and delivery, and its long-term effects on both mothers and their offspring's health.
Materials and methods: A review of chosen literature in the PubMed database was conducted, using the following key words: ,,diabetes”, ,,gestational diabetes mellitus’’, ,,glucose intolerance’’, ,,macrosomia’’, ,,perinatal complications’’
Summary: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is among the most common metabolic disorders of pregnancy and is linked to multiple adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Risk factors of developing gestational diabetes were taken into consideration, as well as a pathophysiological mechanism of gestational diabetes was examined in order to elaborate on the short-range and long-range consequences for both mothers and their offspring [3]. Furthermore, diagnosis of GDM, medical treatment and prevention of its effects were also discussed in this study.
Conclusion: Recognition of GDM impact on the course of pregnancy, delivery, and their outcomes and identifying it as an important predictor of long-term cardiometabolic risk of both mothers and their offspring, what is crucial for optimizing care and planning strategies of medical interventions [4]. 
Catamenial Pneumothorax: Menstruation-Associated Pneumothorax
Get PDFIntroduction: This article explores catamenial pneumothorax, a rare form of spontaneous pneumothorax linked to the menstrual cycle and most commonly associated with thoracic endometriosis syndrome. It discusses the current understanding of its epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and treatment strategies. The discussion underscores the importance of accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment approaches to reduce recurrence and improve quality of life.
Materials and Methods: A thorough literature search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar databases with the following keywords: “catamenial pneumothorax”, “endometriosis”, “VATS”, “hormone therapy”.
Summary: Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is a rare, cyclical spontaneous pneumothorax occurring predominantly in reproductive-age women, often associated with thoracic endometriosis syndrome. Its exact pathophysiology remains unclear, but proposed mechanisms include metastatic spread of endometrial tissue, hormonal influences, and anatomical defects in the diaphragm, especially on the right side. Diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion, imaging, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, while effective management typically involves surgical intervention combined with postoperative hormonal therapy to reduce recurrence.
Conclusions: Catamenial pneumothorax is a significant clinical manifestation of thoracic endometriosis and should be considered in reproductive-age women presenting with recurrent pneumothorax correlated with their menstrual cycle. Optimal outcomes are achieved through a combination of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and postoperative hormonal therapy, supported by a multidisciplinary approach
Endometriosis as a Chronic Disease - Impact on Patients Quality of Life
Get PDFEndometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition marked by the presence of endometrial-like cells outside the uterine cavity, most commonly affecting the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and peritoneum. Despite an estimated prevalence of 10% among women of reproductive age, the condition is often underdiagnosed and underrecognized. Many women endure years of symptoms before receiving an accurate diagnosis, resulting in prolonged physical suffering and significant disruption to daily life. Common symptoms include severe menstrual pain, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain, fatigue, and infertility. Due to their cyclical and persistent nature, these symptoms negatively affect women's physical and mental health, social functioning, relationships, and professional life. As there is no definitive cure and symptoms often recur, endometriosis is classified as a chronic illness requiring a comprehensive care approach. This paper explores the multifaceted impact of endometriosis on quality of life and examines key assessment tools such as SF-36, WHOQOL-BREF, and EHP-30. It also includes an overview of current treatment strategies - both pharmacological and surgical - as well as supportive and non-pharmacological approaches. The need for an individualized and multidisciplinary model of care is emphasized to improve outcomes and support the overall well-being of affected women.