FUDMA Journal of Accounting and Finance Research [FUJAFR]
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Effect of Governance and Social Sustainability Reporting on the Financial Performance of Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Full text linkThe study investigated the effect of governance and social sustainability reporting on the financial performance of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study covered a sample of 32 listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria from 2014 to 2021. The descriptive statistics and the pool OLS with robust standard error estimation technique were used to analyze the data. The result showed that governance reporting has significant effect on financial performance; also, social reporting has a negative significant effect on financial performance. The implication of this finding underscores the value of strong governance frameworks in enhancing investor confidence and ensuring effective management, which collectively contribute to better financial performance. The study recommends that manufacturing firms should prioritize strengthening their governance reporting practices as transparent and effective governance mechanisms can lead to enhanced financial performance and greater trust from investors and also assess their social reporting strategies and expenditures
Effect of Intellectual Capital on Financial Performance of Listed Consumer and Industrial Goods Companies in Nigeria
Full text linkThe study examined the effect of intellectual capital on the financial performance of listed consumer and industrial goods firms in Nigeria from 2013 to 2022. The population of the study consisted of thirty-two (32) listed consumer and industrial goods firms on the Nigeria Exchange Group, from which a sample twenty-six (26) firms was chosen using the purposive sampling technique. The study used secondary data that was taken from the companies\u27financial statements, and it employed a longitudinal panel research design. The results showed that capital employed by the listed consumer and industrial goods firms in Nigeria has a positive and significant effect on the financial performance. However, the study found that human capital has no significant effect on the financial performance of listed consumer and industrial goods firms, while structural capital has a negative but significant effect on the financial performance. The study recommends that listed consumer and industrial goods firms should strategically invest to optimize capital employed as this will improve the financial performance
Moderating Effect of IFRS Compliance on the Relationship between Ownership Structure and Financial Reporting Quality
Full text linkThis study investigates the moderating effect of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the relationship between corporate governance, specifically ownership structure, and financial reporting quality in listed non-finance firms in Nigeria. Utilizing an ex-post facto research design, the study drew its data from 67 non-finance firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group over a ten-year period (2012-2021). The study employs purposive sampling and hierarchical regression analysis to explore the complex connection between IFRS adoption and ownership structures, revealing that IFRS plays a significant role in enhancing the quality of financial reporting. The findings indicate that while ownership concentration may weaken financial reporting quality in the absence of IFRS, the adoption of IFRS significantly moderates this effect, leading to improved transparency and reduced earnings manipulation. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence from a less developed market context, emphasizing the critical interaction between global accounting standards and corporate governance mechanisms. The study concludes that robust enforcement of IFRS compliance, combined with targeted capacity building for financial professionals, is essential to ensure high-quality financial reporting in Nigeria. Key implications include the need for enhanced regulatory oversight and collaboration between regulatory bodies and professional accounting organizations to foster consistent adherence to IFRS, thereby improving the reliability of financial statements and boosting investor confidence
Corporate Attributes and Value of Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis
Full text linkFirms are increasingly striving to improve their value through various corporate strategies as well as exploiting their unique attributes to stimulate value. The extent to which firms create value given their attributes remains a subject of discuss among scholars with mix conclusions. This study therefore investigates the comparative effect of corporate attributes (Firm size, leverage, Institutional ownership, multi-nationality and Research and development) on the value (Tobin’s Q and Market value of equity) of 24 listed Consumer and Industrial goods firms for a period of 14 years (2009-2022). The study utilized a positivist research philosophy and employed correlational research design. Data for the study were quantitatively retrieved from the annual reports and accounts of the firms. Variables were described using descriptive statistics and relationships were ascertained via correlation analysis. Both random effect (FE) and OLS robust regressions were used to analyze the data having carried out some robustness and diagnostic tests. Results from the study revealed firm size, multi-nationality and research and development have significant positive effects on firm value. However, while leverage has significant negative effect on firm value, institutional shareholding effect on firm value was found to be negative and insignificant
Effect of Assignment and Socratic Methods on Students’ Achievement in Business Mathematics among Colleges of Education in North-Western Nigeria
Full text linkThe aim of the study was to find out the effect of assignments and Socratic methods on students’ achievement in business mathematics in colleges of education in north-west Nigeria. The research design adopted for this study was a quasi-experiment design. The population for the study comprises 684 business mathematics students for the 2022-2023 academic session. The purposeful sampling technique was used in the selection of the three colleges for the experiment. Mean, standard deviation, and mean difference were used to answer the three research questions. An independent t-test was used to test all the null hypotheses. Students taught business mathematics using the Socratic method performed better than those taught using the lecture teaching method. (P-value 0.000). Students taught business mathematics using the assignment method performed better than those taught using the conventional teaching method. (P-value 0.002). Students taught business mathematics using the Socratic method performed better than those taught using the assignment teaching method. (P-value 0.000). The findings revealed that the Socratic method is the more effective method of teaching business mathematics than the assignment, and conventional teaching methods had a significant effect on students’ achievement in business mathematics. Based on the findings, it was recommended that teachers of business mathematics should adopt the Socratic method in their classes because the method is capable of improving students learning outcomes
Human Resource Costs and Corporate Financial Performance of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Full text linkThis study investigates the relationship between human resource costs and the corporate financial performance of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to determine whether the director’s remuneration cost, salary & wage cost, and pension and gratuity cost have any effect on the earnings per share of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. An ex-post facto research design was adopted, and the study used secondary data from the annual reports and statements of account of selected banks listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group for the period 2018–2022. Judgmental sampling techniques were employed to investigate the relationship existing between the variables. The study showed that director\u27s remuneration cost has no significant positive effect on earnings per share of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria, salaries and wages cost have a significant negative effect on earnings per share of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria, and pension and gratuity cost have no significant effect on earnings per share of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Generally, this study concludes that there is no significant positive relationship between human resource costs and the corporate financial performance of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that management should not recruit more staff and should consider retaining only efficient staff. This implies that deposit money banks should downsize their staff and focus on training and re-training the most efficient members of staff
Back Duty Audit and Companies Income Tax Compliance in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria: The Moderating Role of Tax Officers’ Expertise
Full text linkLow tax compliance is a serious problem that has continued to ravage the Nigerian tax system which has forced the government to source for an alternative means of financing its budget. To tackle this issue, the government has introduced tax audit to enhance tax compliance. This study examines back duty audit and companies income tax compliance in Nigeria, the moderating role of tax officers’ expertise. The population of the study comprises 304 FIRS staff in the audit department in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Taro Yamane formula was used to determine a sample size of 173. Multiple regression was used to analyze the data and to test the hypotheses of the study with the help of STATA version 13. The result revealed that back duty audit has a positive and significant effect on companies income tax compliance. The moderator, tax officers’ expertise has a positive and significant effect on companies income tax compliance. When the moderator interacted with back duty audit, the result was positive and statistically significant. The study recommended that the FIRS should emphasize more on routine audit because it helps to increase compliance by companies now and in the future. Secondly, the tax officers should constantly reach out to companies’ representatives to help them resolve complexity in the tax laws.
 
Influence of Debt Financing on Income Smoothing Practices among Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Full text linkThis study examined the influence of debt financing on income smoothing among Nigerian listed deposit money banks. The study is specifically examined the influence of total debt ratio on income smoothing. Data collected from sampled twelve (12) listed Nigerian DMBs out of the fourteen (14) listed banks for period from 2009 to 2021. Data were analyzed using random effect panel regression. The results revealed that total debt to equity ratio exerts negative and significant influence on income smoothing measured by absolute discretionary accrual (t= -2.87; p<0.05) respectively. These implied that an increase in total debt ratio will reduce income smoothing. This suggests that the probability of being income smoother is lower when a firm has higher total debt. The study concluded that total debt ratio was negatively influenced the income smoothing among listed deposit money banks. The study therefore, recommends that Nigerian banks should carefully manage their debt levels so as to avoid income smoothing practices by management
The Moderating role of Audit Committee Expertise on the relationship between Board Attributes and Earnings Quality
Full text linkThis study examines the moderating role of audit committee expertise on the relationship between board attributes and earnings quality. The study carries out a panel corrected standard error (PCSE) to address this econometric challenge in an 11-year panel data. The data were sourced from the published annual reports of financial services firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group. The findings from the study reveal that board size, board independence, board meeting, board gender diversity, board expertise and audit committee expertise promote various measures of earnings quality. The findings also reveal that audit committee expertise moderates the association between some board attributes and earnings quality. The findings of this study imply that board attributes and audit committee expertise are important factors in promoting earnings quality. From our key findings, the study recommends the inclusion of more women and independent directors on the board as well as improvement in frequency of meeting
Moderating Role of Board Composition on the Relationship between Environmental Disclosure and corporate performance of Nigerian manufacturing Quoted Companies
Full text linkThis study is to ascertain the moderating effect of board composition on the relationship between environmental disclosure and corporate performance. Secondary data collected from the published annual reports and accounts of the selected listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study made use of forty-five (45) manufacturing quoted on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) and covers a period of ten (10) years ranging from 2013-2022. Agency theory is used as the foundational theory. Descriptive statistics, correlation and regression techniques were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study show that there is a significant effect of environmental disclosure on ROA of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study further revealed that board composition significantly moderates the relationship between environmental disclosure and financial performance of the sampled manufacturing companies listed on the NGX. The study recommends for an effective/efficient board composition in companies which will lead to more robust environmental disclosures, thus have a significant effect on corporate performance of companies