Indian Journal Of Clinical Practice
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A Unique Case Report on “Bilateral Optic Neuropathy as a Rare Manifestation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
Get PDFSpontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is an uncommon condition characterized by low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumethrough a dural defect leakage, which results in multiple debilitating clinical manifestations. Although ocular manifestationsare common, vision impairment due to SIH is not commonly reported. Optic neuropathy is a rare yet significant complicationof SIH. This case documents the association between optic neuropathy and SIH, highlighting the diagnostic challenges andthe complexities of managing this condition
Is It Structural or Metabolic? A Diagnostic Dilemma
Get PDFOsmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS), a disease affecting chronic alcoholic and malnourishedpatients was described by Adams and colleagues in 1959. It is also known as pontinemyelinolysis. Pontine myelinolysis can be subdivided into central pontine myelinolysis (CPM)and extrapontine myelinolysis (EPM) depending upon the level of demyelination, within thepons or outside the pons, respectively. Rapid correction of hyponatremia contributes to thepathogenesis of ODS. Whenever a chronic alcoholic and/or malnourished develops confusion,quadriplegia, pseudobulbar palsy and pseudocoma (Locked-in-syndrome) over a period ofseveral days, a high index of suspicion for ODS must be hel
Unveiling the Nexus of Cognitive Impairment in Diabetes: Exploring the Enigmatic “Diabetic Melancholy”
Get PDFPatients living with diabetes suffer from a spectrum of cognitive and mood disorders. To encompass the diverse neuropsychological aspects of diabetes, the authors herein propose the new construct of “diabetic melancholy”, which stands for memory impairments, executive dysfunctions, language impairments, psychomotor retardation, low mood, and apathy. Authors have also described the underlying neural basis of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes
The Blue Zone Buzz: Learnings from the Blue Zone
Get PDFIn various regions around the world, there exist pockets where people live exceptionally long and healthy lives, far exceedingthe global average. These regions, known as Blue Zones, have garnered the attention of researchers and health enthusiastsalike, as they hold the key to unlocking the secrets of longevity and well-being. In this editorial, we explore the conceptof Blue Zones, delving into their characteristics, lifestyle factors, and the lessons we can learn from these remarkablecommunities. We propose the evidence-based Blue Zone Hexagon, to highlight the actions and targets we can focus on, soas to make our country a Blue Zone country
Dementia-associated Dyslipidemia Study
Get PDFIntroduction: As age advances, the risk of several noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) like diabetes, hypertension, heart disease,dyslipidemia, etc increases. Dementia is among the most common diseases of older adults and accounts for significant diseaseburden globally. Dyslipidemia is especially common in older adults with diabetes. In the current study, the aim was to assessif patients with dementia have dyslipidemia and if so, whether the frequency was different in age-matched control group.Material and methods: A total of 836 subjects over the age of 60 years were screened and of these, 536 (67.12 ± 4.5 years) subjectswho met the diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of dementia (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV) were enrolled for the study. Atotal of 32 cognitively normal subjects above the age of 60 years, but without cardiovascular risk factors (65.12 ± 3.5 years) wereselected as controls. Selected patients underwent lipid profile assessment apart from detailed neuropsychological, neurological,and radiological examination. The frequency of dyslipidemia among cases and control was compared. Results: Totalserum cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in patients with dementia were234.56 ± 22.5 mg/dL, 136.58 ± 11.3 mg/dL, 35.5 ± 3.5 mg/dL, respectively, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was 28.7 ± 7.8mg/dL. Corresponding values in the healthy controls were: Total cholesterol (TC) = 156.36 ± 12.5 mg/dL, LDL = 86.15 ± 12.3mg/dL, VLDL = 25.5 ± 3.5 mg/dL, HDL = 37.7 ± 1.8 mg/dL. Comparison of means using paired t-test showed all biochemicalvalues (TC, LDL, VLDL, HDL) differed from controls (p < 0.0001). Out of 536 cases with dementia, 157 (29%) had deranged lipidprofile. Patients of Alzheimer\u27s disease (AD) with comorbid diabetes and hypertension were more likely to have dyslipidemiacompared to AD patients without these two comorbidities (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The current study indicates that patientswith dementia have a high frequency of dyslipidemia, and the frequency is higher compared to healthy controls (p ≤ 0.05