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Do gender disparities in socioeconomic status affect Teff productivity? a comparative analysis in Ethiopia
No full textEthiopia is one of Africa's fastest-growing economies, and the recent political and economic reforms recognize the importance of empowering women and increasing their labour force participation. The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) constitution of 1995 recognized women's right to equality and provides intervened to enable women to compete and participate in all spheres of life and to exercise their rights on equal grounds with men. Gender empowerment and gender equality are given national priority and positioned at the centre of all policy, legal, and institutional frameworks. Research suggests that women remain overrepresented in lower-skilled jobs, while carrying out the bulk of unpaid care work. Women also face multiple forms of deprivation, gender-based discrimination, lack of access to productive resources, intimate partner violence, lack of education and training, and employment. Persistent inequalities in ownership and control over assets, such as land, houses, and oxen negatively affect their productivity and livelihoods. This paper aims at answering the question "Do gender disparities in socioeconomic status affect Teff productivity in Ethiopia" using mixed methods, the study conducted a cross-sectional household survey. Purposive sampling was used to select top Teff-producing regions, districts, Kebeles, key informants and FGD participants while a random sampling method was used to select the survey respondents. Results suggest that, although women were fully engaged in Teff production activities, due to a low level of ownership of productive resources such as land, labour, and oxen, there is a statistically significant difference in Teff production between female and male-headed households which needs the attention of the government and stakeholders. The paper contributes to understanding how gender-based disparities in socioeconomic status affect Teff production.
RGN-NOR-ondersoek na vaardigheidsopleiding in die RSA: ongepubliseerde navorsingsverslae
No full textGoing nowhere slowly: trends of HIV stigma attitudes in South Africa
No full textPoster presented at the 10th SAAIDS Conference, Durban, 20-23 JuneDespite significant progress made in the fight against HIV in South Africa, HIV-related stigma continues to be a driver of the epidemic and a challenge to HIV prevention, treatment, and care efforts. Not much is known about the changes in stigma over time in South Africa at a national level. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in HIV-related stigma.N/
Social security review volume 2: social security in the time of Covid-19
No full textThis volume emerges from a crucial need to address the gaps in understanding and implementing effective social security measures during crises. It builds on the foundational work of the inaugural edition, moving from identifying gaps to proposing actionable strategies for a more inclusive and responsive social security framework.
Science engagement workplan 2023-2024
Get PDFPaper presented at the DSI Science Engagement Projects Workplan Meeting, 30 JuneN/
Multidisciplinary approach to community engagement in global public health research
Get PDFRecently, there has been a renewed interest in the role of community engagement in knowledge production and ethical issues such as 'helicopter research', indicating exploitative research activities of some researchers as well as short-term relationships with research communities especially in low- and middle-income countries. This approach is detrimental to both communities and the larger scientific community as this may breed mistrust. Major institutions such as the National Institute of Health and Care Research in the United Kingdom have highlighted the importance of community engagement as a tool to improve the reach, quality, and impact of the research by incorporating the voices and concerns of marginalized communities. Similarly, in its 2022 guidance, the American Society for Human Genetics (ASGH) highlights the need to address underrepresentation in genomics research through community engagement. Establishing ethical and meaningful long-term relationships
can be challenging especially for researchers who are not members of the community or those from other countries. This article describes how 'community-engaged research' can address some ethical challenges in
global public health in different cultural settings
The path towards an HIV-free generation: engaging adolescent boys and young men (ABYM) in sub-Saharan Africa from lessons learned and future directions
No full textThis paper highlights the pressing need to address the HIV epidemic among adolescent boys and
young men (ABYM) in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite progress in HIV prevention, ABYM still experience low diagnosis rates, treatment adherence, and linkage to care. The paper emphasizes ABYM's vulnerability due to societal norms, limited healthcare access, and economic pressures. It calls for gender-responsive interventions, including comprehensive sexual education, youth-friendly health services, community engagement, and targeted outreach. Comprehensive sexual education is pivotal in HIV prevention for ABYM, providing them with age-appropriate sexual health knowledge and safer sexual practices to reduce HIV incidence. Harmful masculine norms must be countered to promote respectful relationships, benefiting boys, men, and their partners. Inadequate access to youth-friendly health services hampers HIV prevention. Establishing spaces with confidential, non-judgmental care offering testing, counselling, circumcision, and provision of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is essential,
especially considering ABYM's unique clinic experiences. Engaging communities, leaders, educators, and peers combats stigma and discrimination. ABYM's input in intervention design, targeted outreach, and innovative technology enhances effectiveness of HIV prevention programmes. Economic factors should also be addressed. Comprehensive multi-sectoral interventions, including conditional cash transfers, effective for AGYW, could benefit ABYM. Addressing structural factors alongside behaviour change and social support is key.
Equity metrics
Get PDFPaper presented at 'Building social equity and person-centered innovation in the global end TB response', International Workshop, Brocher Foundation, Geneva, Switzerland, 20-22 Novembe
Towards developing a collaborative PhD program across ARUA member universities: experiences from the University of Rwanda, Rwanda
Get PDFCommissioned by the African Research Universities Alliance (ARUA), NovemberThis report highlights the status of PhD education in Rwanda. The University of Rwanda, the only ARUA member university in the country serves as a case study to explore the nature of the doctoral programme within the country and the university. This is done in the effort of making recommendations towards the development of collaborative PhD programmes across ARUA universities. The report starts off by providing a brief overview of the country's socioeconomic status which has a bearing on how universities organise PhD programmes, and which may influence the direction of the design of collaborative programmes as envisaged by African Research Universities Alliance (ARUA). It further details are the national and institutional policy and operational frameworks for PhD programmes at the University of Rwanda, the nature of student access and progression policies across the programmes, opportunities for designing collaborative arrangements, and challenges that need to be addressed. The report is divided into five sections. The next section provides an overview of Rwanda's socio-economic and political dynamics, including a brief description of the Tanzania higher education landscape. Section three delves into the case study of the university and the two selected programmes. Section four presents the findings from the data collected from the two case study programmes. Section five provides some recommendations and conclusions.N/