Revista Jurídica Digital UANDES
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Bolstering workplace psychological well-being through transactional and transformational leadership
No full textGlobalization, compressed market cycles, technology infusions, hyper-competition, and other factors increasingly make many organizations complex, stressful, and high-performance contexts (Barling, Kelloway, & Frone, 2005; Cascio, 2013). The effects of such contexts, if left unmanaged, can threaten the psychological health of employees (Quick, Wright, Adkins, Nelson, & Quick, 2013). The resulting burden of suffering in organizations has direct financial impact in addition to humanitarian effects (Cascio & Boudreau, 2011; Macik-Frey, Quick, & Nelson, 2007). The organizational costs incurred due to mental and psychological disorders in terms of medical and insurance expenses, reduced productivity, deviant and dysfunctional behaviors, sick days, turnover, and litigation is staggering; costs grow even larger when accounting for the comorbidity of physical maladies that often accompany psychological disorders, such as heart disease and stroke (Cascio, 2013; Cascio & Boudreau, 2011; Quick et al., 2013). Psychological distress also prompts threat-rigidity, suppressing individuals’ flexibility and adaptation (Staw, Sandelands, & Dutton, 1981), stifling organizational innovation and change. Negative psychological effects from work can also spillover to effect workers’ personal lives (e.g., Cascio, 2013; Quick et al., 2013). Conversely, we offer that the psychological well-being of employees can be a basis for innovation, peak performance, and the fulfillment of human potential. Organizations should thus be particularly concerned about the deleterious effects of poor psychological well-being while recognizing the positive gains possible from its bolstering. Beyond the inherent virtue and social responsibility-based arguments for increasing workers psychological well-being, there are clear utilitarian, bottom-line impacts as human resources are central to organizational performance and competitive advantage (Cascio & Boudreau, 2011; Pfeffer, 1998). It is thus important that research better identifies the factors attenuating and bolstering psychological well-being in the workplace
An asymptotically unbiased weighted least squares estimation criterion for parametric variograms of second order stationary geostatistical processes
No full textIn many fields of science dealing with geostatistical data, the weighted least squares proposed by Cressie (1985) remains a popular choice for variogram estimation. Simplicity, ease of implementation and non-parametric nature are its principle advantages. It also avoids the heavy computational burden of Generalized least squares. But that comes at the cost of loss of information due to the use of a diagonal weight matrix. Besides, the parameter dependent weight matrix makes the estimating equations biased. In this paper we propose two alternative weight matrices which do not depend on the parameters. We show that one of the weight matrices gives parameter estimates with lower asymptotic variance and also has asymptotically unbiased estimating equations. The observations are validated using simulation and real data
Pseudo-split fibres and arithmetic surjectivity
No full textLet f : X ! Y be a dominant morphism of smooth, proper and geometrically integral varieties over a number field k, with geometrically integral generic fibre. We give a necessary and sufficient geometric criterion for the induced map X(kv) ! Y (kv) to be surjective for almost all places v of k. This generalises a result of Denef which had previously been conjectured by Colliot-Thélène, and can be seen as an optimal geometric version of the celebrated Ax-Kochen theorem. Soit f : X ! Y un morphisme dominant de variétés lisses, propres et géométriquement intègres définies sur un corps de nombres k, dont la fibre générique est géométriquement intègre. Nous donnons un critère géometrique, à la fois nécessaire et suffisant, pour que l'application induite X(kv) ! Y (kv) soit surjective pour presque toute place v de k. Ceci généralise un résultat de Denef précédemment conjecturé par Colliot-Thélène. Notre résultat peut être vu comme une version géométrique optimale du célèbre théorème de Ax-Kochen. 14G05, 14G20, 14G25, 14D1
Sketching women: A corpus-based approach to representations of women’s agency in political internet corpora in Arabic and English
No full textIn this article I use methods from corpus linguistics to examine patterns pertaining to the representation of women in online Arabic- and English-language political corpora. I highlight the discursive differences and similarities that characterise the two corpora. Using word sketches I identify representational categories in each corpus that are indexed by patterns of collocation. Analysis of semantic preference and prosody in each corpus reveals the ways women are represented. An exploration of the representations of women and gendered agency in both corpora reveals incongruities between the message of women’s empowerment that the outlets promote and the implicit discursive representations of gender and gendered agency
Finite Element Modelling Approach to Assess Fatigue of Composite OHL Conductors
No full textElectricity utilities are obliged to developing renewable energy strategies, and electrification of energy sectors to reduce fossil fuels footprint. To accommodate this trend, utilities try to avoid the expensive solution of building new overhead lines and reinforce existing networks through re-conductoring with bigger size conductors or making use of novel designs such as High- Temperature Low-Sag technologies. The effect of conductor structure and material properties on its vibrations and fatigue responses have not yet been captured thoroughly in literature. In this respect, a Finite Element Model has been established in COMSOL Multiphysics to examine the fatigue performance of the composite structure of OHL conductors. To validate the model, simulation results are compared against the standard Poffenberger- Swart theory. The presented work have shown that the vibration and fatigue of bi-metallic conductors is not a linear problem and the assumption of a homogeneous structure does not apply to all conductor sizes. The internal structure of the conductors must be considered rather than a simplified homogeneous assumption especially for multi-layered conductors. The results also showed that trapezoidal conductors experience less fatigue compared to round designs. The FEM analysis are limited to the efficiency and power of used computing resources
Modelling the spinning dust emission from LDN 1780
No full textWe study the anomalous microwave emission (AME) in the Lynds Dark Nebula (LDN) 1780 on two angular scales. Using available ancillary data at an angular resolution of 1 degree, we construct an SED between 0.408 GHz to 2997 GHz. We show that there is a significant amount of AME at these angular scales and the excess is compatible with a physical spinning dust model. We find that LDN 1780 is one of the clearest examples of AME on 1 degree scales. We detected AME with a significance > 20. We also find at these angular scales that the location of the peak of the emission at frequencies between 23-70 GHz differs from the one on the 90-3000 GHz map. In order to investigate the origin of the AME in this cloud, we use data obtained with the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) that provides 2 arcmin resolution at 30 GHz. We study the connection between the radio and IR emissions using morphological correlations. The best correlation is found to be with MIPS 70m, which traces warm dust (T50K). Finally, we study the difference in radio emissivity between two locations within the cloud. We measured a factor of difference in 30 GHz emissivity. We show that this variation can be explained, using the spinning dust model, by a variation on the dust grain size distribution across the cloud, particularly changing the carbon fraction and hence the amount of PAHs
Nonparametric bootstrap and small area estimation to mitigate bias in crowdsourced data:Simulation study and application to perceived safety.
No full textOpen and crowdsourced data are becoming prominent in social sciences research. Crowdsourcing projects harness information from large crowds of citizens who voluntarily participate into one collaborative project, and allow new insights into people’s attitudes and perceptions. However, these are usually affected by a series of biases that limit their representativeness (i.e. self-selection bias, unequal participation, underrepresentation of certain areas and times). In this chapter we present a two-step method aimed to produce reliable small area estimates from crowdsourced data when no auxiliary information is available at the individual level. A non-parametric bootstrap, aimed to compute pseudo-sampling weights and bootstrap weighted estimates, is followed by an area-level model-based small area estimation approach, which borrows strength from related areas based on a set of covariates, to improve the small area estimates. In order to assess the method, a simulation study and an application to safety perceptions in Greater London are conducted. The simulation study shows that the area-level model-based small area estimator under the non-parametric bootstrap improves (in terms of bias and variability) the small area estimates in the majority of areas. The application produces estimates of safety perceptions at a small geographical level in Greater London from Place Pulse 2.0 data. In the application, estimates are validated externally by comparing these to reliable survey estimates. Further simulation experiments and applications are needed to examine whether this method also improves the small area estimates when the sample biases are larger, smaller or show different distributions. A measure of reliability also needs to be developed to estimate the error of the small area estimates under the non-parametric bootstrap
Towards a new paradigm of global development? Beyond the limits of international development
No full textAn international development framing is increasingly ill-fitting to a 21st century characterized by interconnected globalized capitalism, the challenge of sustainable development, as well as the blurring of North–South boundaries. While the term global development is increasingly employed, and appears more suited, it is used with different implicit meanings and is often conflated with international development. This article explores the potential of an emerging paradigm of global development as applicable to the whole world. A relational global development approach is advocated here, acknowledging the need for critical attention to the enduring tensions between universalization and geographic variation