Revista Jurídica Digital UANDES
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Employees’ Perceptions of Human Resource Management Practices and Employee Outcomes: Empirical Evidence from the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Sector in Mainland China
No full textPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between employees’ perceptions of HRM practices and two outcomes, namely, employee commitment and turnover intention, in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in mainland China.Design/methodology/approach – This paper adopts a quantitative approach based on a sample of 227 employees working in 24 SMEs in eastern and western China.Findings – Employees’ perceptions of HRM practices such as training and development, reward management, and performance management, are significant predictors of employee commitment. A negative direct relationship is found between employees’ perceptions about the use of HRM practices and turnover intentions.Research limitations/implications – Although data were collected from two representative provinces of eastern and western China, the size of the sample may limit the generalisability of the findings to the wider region.Practical implications – The relationship between employees’ perceptions of HRM practices and employee outcomes in Chinese SMEs provides an effective way for SME owners and HR practitioners to generate desirable employee attitudes and behaviours, which, ultimately contribute to improving organisational performance. Originality/value – This is an original paper which makes a contribution by helping to address the dearth of studies which have explored aspects of the effectiveness of HRM in SMEs in China. In contrast to the majority of China-focused studies on this topic, it highlights HRM outcomes at the individual level rather than the organisational level. Further, the study involves SMEs in western China which is an under-explored region.<br/
Heterogeneous Resource-Elastic Scheduling for CPU+FPGA Architectures
No full textHeterogeneous computing is a key strategy to meet the requirements of many compute-intensive applications. However, currently, CPU+FPGA platforms are commonly underutilized as scheduling is often constrained to a run-to-completion model or acceleration of a single application at a time. To tackle this issue, this paper proposes heterogeneous resource-elastic scheduling for maximizing the utilization of both CPU and FPGA resources by dynamically scaling the resource allocation for tasks transparently. It achieves this for heterogeneous workloads (OpenCL) by selecting the number of compute units, accelerator type and device types using partial reconfiguration and cooperative fine-grained scheduling for maximizing system performance based on runtime conditions. We demonstrate as much as 2x better performance as compared to SDSoC-like platforms and on average 20% improvement in performance as compared to other standard scheduling algorithms while lowering task wait times. Our results indicate that 1) workload can be executed seamlessly on both CPU and FPGA without increasing programming effort and 2) co-scheduling applications on heterogeneous systems can improve system performance
Relationship between standard(s) and performance of innovative projects:A systematic review
No full textAlthough there has been a long-standing interest in examining the interplay between standard(s) and innovation in a project context, consensus is lacking on how standard(s) influence the performance of innovative projects. In this paper, we present results from a systematic review of 58 empirical studies on the relationship between standard(s) and performance in innovative projects. The findings show that, in a project environment where performance of an innovation is being investigated-authors take three key positions towards standard(s): advocative, ambivalent and adversarial; where the advocating position is dominant. The results also indicate that 'performance' has been rarely problematized by scholars in relation to standard(s) in innovative projects; rather, conventional performance indicators are mostly used to comprehend the impact of standard(s). The conclusions suggest that there is a need for a more nuanced understanding of standard(s) and their relationship with performance of innovative projects by the means of studying the relationship more dynamically and longitudinally
Project Management learning: connecting and aligning with taxonomies and frameworks to improve practice.
No full textWhilst taxonomies of learning often differentiate between “deep” and “surface” levels of learning (e.g. Bloom`s taxonomy), the connection with knowledge and teaching activities delivered in the project management (PM) classroom are often left unaddressed. From a review of the PM Body of Knowledge (APM, 2012), it can be argued that both surface and deep learning is important for PM students; for example, a surface approach is relevant for rote-memorizing of acronyms such as PEP, BIM, BEP, whilst “deeper” levels of learning are required when complex social and technical issues underlying project management work challenges are explored. This paper explores the relationship between taxonomies of learning and PM teaching. Through a number of worked examples, the unique characteristics of PM learning are noted; a combination of surface (e.g. memorization; note-taking) and deep learning activities (e.g. roleplay), being important in replicating the needs of the PM profession. Such an approach counters the argument of Biggs and Tang (2011) that surface levels of learning are not as important as deep activities of learning and aligns with a more thoughtful consideration of events occurring in actual PM work. It is argued that PM learning may benefit when more explicit links are made between taxonomies of learning and the unique characteristics of PM practice: a combination of activities reinforcing the importance of “surface” level and “deep” level learning better preparing students for the world of PM and providing a foundation for their continual learning as practitioners. A framework based on the work of Ramazani and Jergeas (2015) is suggested that replicates the nature of PM learning students will encounter in the real world
Refinement with Time – Refining the Run-time of Algorithms in Isabelle/HOL
No full textSeparation Logic with Time Credits is a well established method to formally verify the correctness and run-time of algorithms, which has been applied to various medium-sized use-cases. Refinement is a technique in program verification that makes software projects of larger scale manageable. Combining these two techniques for the first time, we present a methodology for verifying the functional correctness and the run-time analysis of algorithms in a modular way. We use it to verify Kruskal’s minimum spanning tree algorithm and the Edmonds–Karp algorithm for network flow. An adaptation of the Isabelle Refinement Framework [15] enables us to specify the functional result and the run-time behaviour of abstract algorithms which can be refined to more concrete algorithms. From these, executable imperative code can be synthesized by an extension of the Sepref tool [11], preserving correctness and the run-time bounds of the abstract algorithm
Validating a Measure of Numeracy Skill Use in the Workplace for Incarcerated and Household Adults
No full textThe aim of this study is to construct a measure of numeracy skill use in the workplace for incarcerated and household adults. The 2012/2014 Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) Survey of Adult Skills asked about the type and frequency of numeracy tasks performed as part of one's job to nationally-representative incarcerated and household adult samples. This paper takes these items from this survey and focuses on the validation of a measure of numeracy skill use in the workplace using the principles of the Rasch rating scale model. In the interest of exploring options for strengthened validity, response categories were collapsed to produce an optimal categorization structure. Findings suggest an instrument to measure numeracy skill use in prison and free market workplaces could potentially be improved with fewer response categories and more items that ask about a broader range of numeracy skills
Impact of a long-acting beta-agonist and an inhaled corticosteroid in COPD patients with moderate airflow obstruction and CV disease or risk: a factorial analysis of the SUMMIT trial .
No full textDigital Inclusion in Later-Life:Cohort changes in internet use over a 10 year period in England
No full textThe ability to use the internet frequently is likely to provide a useful means of engaging with society and using services in later life, yet older people are at the most likely to suffer digital exclusion, with those of the oldest ages at the greatest risk. Using six waves (2002-2012) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, we model cohort-specific patterns of frequent internet use for people aged 50 and over. Multilevel growth models are used to observe trajectories of internet use over the ten year period. Firstly, analyses are stratified by gender and wealth, and secondly we additionally test for health effects. The study finds cohort-specific differences in patterns of internet use. Rates of internet use increase faster among younger cohorts yet, despite initially increasing, begin to decline among older cohorts. Poor health is shown to be a key factor in shaping the trajectory of internet use over time. Rates of internet use are consistently lower for women than men and for those in poorer financial circumstances, independently of age cohort. The findings demonstrate the importance of ensuring older people can remain digitally included throughout later life, including after the onset of poorer health, especially as some of these individuals might benefit the most from some of the services the internet can provide
The psychosocial impact of undergoing prostate cancer screening for men with BRCA1/2 mutations
No full textObjectives: To report the baseline results of a longitudinal psychosocial study that forms part of the IMPACT study, a multi-national investigation of targeted prostate cancer (PCa) screening among men with a known pathogenic germline mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. Patients and methods: Men enrolled in the IMPACT study were invited to complete a questionnaire at collaborating sites prior to each annual screening visit. The questionnaire included sociodemographics and the following measures: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Impact of Event Scale (IES), Short Form 36 (SF36), Memorial Anxiety Scale for PCa (MAX-PC), Cancer Worry Scale (CWS), risk perception and knowledge. The results of the baseline questionnaire are presented.Results: 432 men completed questionnaires: 98 and 160 had mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2 genes, respectively, and 174 were controls (familial mutation negative). Participants’ perception of PCa risk was influenced by genetic status. Knowledge levels were high and unrelated to genetic status. Mean scores for HADS and SF36 were within reported general population norms and mean IES scores were within normal range.IES mean intrusion and avoidance scores were significantly higher in BRCA1/2 carriers than controls and higher in men with increased PCa risk perception. At the multivariate level, risk perception contributed more significantly to variance in IES scores than genetic status. Conclusion: This is the first study to report the psychosocial profile of men with BRCA1/2 mutations undergoing PCa screening. No clinically concerning levels of general or cancer-specific distress or poor quality of life were detected in the cohort as a whole. A small subset of participants reported higher levels of distress, suggesting the need for health care professionals to identify these risk factors and offer additional information and support to men seeking PCa screening. <br/
