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THE EFFECT OF TEXTISMS ON THE WRITINGS OF SELECTED FEMALE STUDENTS OF FEDERAL UNIVERSITY BIRNIN-KEBBI
Get PDFStudents are expected to, in formal situations, use language properly for effective communication and grammatical formulation. The growing concern about the use of texting endangering the standard forms of language prompted the research to determine the presence of SMS features in the academic writing of university undergraduates. The instrument used for data collection was essay writing which was written by fifty female English language levels I-IV students of the Department of European Languages, FUBK. However, the findings reveal that only ten out of the fifty essays contain textisms, (i.e., 20%). The research findings agree with Crystal’s assertion that it is very rare to find textisms in schoolwork, contrary to the general belief that people have that textisms are used in essays and examinations. However, the work was also able to determine that if the use of textisms though rare, is not currently discouraged, it can lead to a poorer level of literacy in the English language as standard orthography could be lost
PERCEPTION OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT AMONGST FEMALE OFFICER CADETS OF THE NIGERIAN DEFENCE ACADEMY KADUNA
Get PDFThe study examined the prevalence, perpetrators, and relationship between age, battalion, regular course, and arm of service in sexual harassment among female cadets at the Nigerian Defence Academy Kaduna. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, with 125 female cadets completing the questionnaire. Results showed a high prevalence of sexual harassment among female cadets, with a significant negative relationship between age and perception. No significant relationship was found between battalion and sexual harassment perception among NDA female cadets. The regular course had a positive relationship with sexual harassment perception, while the arm of service had no relationship. The study concluded that sexual harassment is prevalent among female cadets and is perpetrated by both military officers and NDA lecturers. It is suggested that the academy design a mandatory sexual harassment training program for all staff, including service personnel, academic and non-academic staff, and male cadets, in collaboration with the counselling unit and the department of psychology
POLITICS WITHOUT POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES: A THREAT TO PEACE AND NATIONAL SECURITY IN NIGERIA
Get PDFPolitical party as an institution of the state performs very critical functions in any democratic setting and beyond. Democracy flourishes where there are issue-based political parties. Democracy will be meaningless without political parties and political parties can be defined based on their ideologies. It is because of these important roles of political parties in modern electoral democratic states that made many political researchers and analysts contend that it is a fact that “political parties create democracy; modern democracy is unthinkable save in terms of parties”. There is no other thing that determines the people’s view and role of political parties in any constituted state except their “political ideologies.” Using the historical method of data analysis, this study found out that Nigeria’s political parties in Pre[1]Independence, First Republic, Second Republic, Third Republic, and Fourth Republic lacked political ideologies. The study attributed some of the systemic ills, especially, the porous nature of national security in Nigeria, to the lack of issue-based political parties
LANGUAGE AND AFRICAN CULTURAL IDENTITY: A REFLECTION
Get PDFDue to the historical factor of colonialism (coupled with arbitrary partitions and integrations) many countries across the world, have adopted European languages as their official languages. This is particularly so concerning in virtually all Sub-Saharan African countries. Among some African cultural groups, some European languages are not only official or second languages but have also gradually become their first languages both at home and in their places of work. The consequence of the failure of African countries to develop their languages as lingua franca and for scholarly works is that sooner or later those languages would become extinct. The question then arises: if African languages go extinct, would that also mean the loss of their cultural identity, as some believe? This is the issue that this paper sets out to address. The paper argues that though language and culture are closely related, they are separable, and consequently even if African languages should go extinct sometime in the future their cultural identities would still endure. This work is essentially a philosophical reflection based on library and Internet sources. In conclusion, the paper recommends that African people should continue to speak, learn and promote their languages, but not with the hope that they would ever replace European languages for scientific or scholarly works, but mostly for emotional satisfaction or historical purposes
AUTOCRACY ENDANGERED? AFRICA’S CONTINUOUS SEARCH FOR GOOD GOVERNANCE
Get PDFAfrica has experienced varied systems of leadership since the continent was decolonized. About sixty years following independence, Africa remains neck-deep in leadership problems. Many of the constitutional governments that emerged following political independence ended on sad notes. They either overstayed their terms or were overthrown before the end of their tenure. In many such cases, the economic decline was a major factor. Thereafter, the constitutional rule has been interspersed with various shades of autocratic regimes. The argument is that, until about the closing decade of the last century, autocracy had been by far, the dominant style of political leadership in Africa. However, since the 1990s, autocratic rule in Africa seems to have become unpopular. The scholarly approach in this work is a literature survey that dwells mainly on secondary sources drawn from books, journals, magazines, and newspapers, some of which are internet sources. These various sources provide a wide spectrum from which the author identifies the different ways in which African countries have reshaped or redefined democracy as an inheritance from the West. Findings reveal that from the Arab Spring in North Africa, across the Sahara Desert into sub-Saharan Africa, the people have arisen to overthrow some of these regimes. Sudan has never been stable and eventually split in 2011. In Egypt and Libya, Hosni Mubarak and Muammar Al-Gaddafi were pushed out respectively. In January 2017, the ousted Yahya Jammeh of Gambia had to flee under the threat of an ECOWAS military action. Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe was booted out in November 2017 and later died in 2019. Could others such as Theodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo (Equatorial Guinea), Paul Biya (Cameroon), Denis Sassou Nguesso (Congo), Yoweri Museveni (Uganda), and Idriss Baby (Chad) be termed the last dinosaurs? What can be said to be the state of the new African democracies today, and is there any hope for the future
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AND PEACE BUILDING IN NIGERIA: ASSESSING THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANISATIONS (CBOS) IN JIGAWA STATE, 2011-2021
Get PDFThe article investigates the role of Community-Based Organisations (CBOs) in conflict management and peacebuilding in Jigawa State, from 2011-2021. The rationale behind the study is to explore whether the participation of CBOs in complementing the role of the state has contributed to the management of conflict and sustainable peacebuilding. Using the survey research method, it was established that the participation of CBOs has played a significant role in managing conflicts and improving the level of peace in the state. The study concluded that CBOs are in an advantageous position which makes it mandatory for the government to maintain proper collaboration if sustainable peace is to be maintained. It is recommended that the peace-building process needs to be all-inclusive where every member of the community will volunteer to engage in the process
OIL EXPLORATION AND NIGERIA'S UNDERDEVELOPMENT: THE NEED TO ESCAPE THE NATURAL RESOURCE CURSE
Get PDFThis paper examines the nature of the natural resource curse in Nigeria. The country has actively engaged in oil exploration for about six decades and is Africa's largest producer of oil resources. During the oil boom of the 1970s, oil was the primary source of government revenue, amounting to 80% of total income. The paper adopts content analysis of mainly secondary sources to examine the research problem at stake using the resource curse theory. Findings reveal poor political institutions, corruption and lack of accountability, weak executive control of oil resource governance with apparent inadequate checks and balances, and the resultant conflicts and clashes of interests, manipulations, and inflation of oil contracts with favouritism in allocating oil blocs. Therefore, this article submits that to ensure optimal benefits to all citizenry; measures must be adopted in building political institutions, reforming the Niger Delta Development Commission, diversification, building a welfare state, equitable distribution of oil wealth, and the sovereign wealth fund and the imposition of direct tax. Finally, the paper argues that escaping the natural resource curse is challenging but possible
THE IMPACT OF INSECURITY ON SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
Get PDFThe study examined the impact of insecurity on Secondary Schools in Northern Nigeria. The objectives of the study are to identify factors responsible for insecurity in the zone and to find out the common causes of insecurity in Schools. The paper adopted a survey method and content analysis was utilized for data analysis. The paper utilized Queer Ladder and Structural functionalist theories. The finding from the study revealed that, the nonchalant attitude of the Schools towards security, porous school, incompetent and unskilled guards, incomprehensive security policy; lack of awareness and manpower, and school as a soft target as factors responsible for insecurity in our Schools. The paper identified illiteracy, terrorism, poverty, weak state institutions, injustice, and foreign influence are some of the causes of insecurity in Nigeria. The study found that death, low enrolment, disruption of an academic programme, and destruction of basic Schools’ infrastructural facilities were some of the negative impacts of insecurity on Secondary Schools in Northern Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that the government at all levels and relevant stakeholders must put their hands on the desk to cubing the menace of insecurity in Nigerian society
COUNTER-INSURGENCY OPERATIONS OF THE NIGERIAN MILITARY: WHY SO LONG?
Get PDFThis paper examines the origin and operations of insurgency groups especially Boko Haram in Northern Nigeria and the counter-insurgency operations of the Nigerian Military towards quelling the insurgency, their achievements, failures and why it has lasted so long without bringing it under control, rather, the insurgency is spreading to other parts of the country with social, security and economic implications, especially in Northern Nigeria. The conceptual and theoretical framework explored insurgency, counter-insurgency and social contract theory propounded by John Locke and Thomas Hobbes. Some of the findings include lack of political will, inadequate and outdated weapons, wrong approaches on; IPOB in Southeast, Islamic Movement of Nigeria (IMN) and Boko Haram. Part of the recommendations include a change of tactics by the Nigerian Army by adopting non-kinetic measures, strong political will by our leaders to end the insurgency, elimination of corruption, etc