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Not all success is created equal: The innovation costs of extreme success
No full textCorporate ideation systems are increasingly used to harness employee creativity for innovation. Within these systems, serial ideators play a central role by consistently supplying new ideas. While prior research has emphasized the benefits of past success in fostering future innovation, it often treats all successes as functionally equivalent. In this study, we adopt a more nuanced perspective by distinguishing between ordinary and extreme success, and theorize that extreme success, but not ordinary success, undermines innovation outcomes. Drawing on a four-year archival dataset encompassing 1145 ideas submitted by 236 serial ideators within the internal ideation system of a global automotive firm, we find that past extreme success significantly reduces the likelihood of subsequent idea implementation. We further demonstrate that this effect is driven by two mediating mechanisms: (i) reduced team idea development and (ii) inflated self-perceived social status. In two follow-up experiments, we provide causal evidence that extreme success influences the two mediators. Together, our research advances prior work by conceptually and empirically distinguishing between ordinary and extreme success in ideation systems and uncovering the specific mechanisms through which extreme success, unlike ordinary success, can hinder subsequent innovation outcomes. We discuss several implications for managers seeking to foster sustained employee creativity and innovation through digital ideation
HIV-2 EU—Supporting Standardized HIV-2 Drug Resistance Interpretation:An Update
No full textHuman immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is an attenuated retroviral infection characterized by specific natural susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs and acquired resistance profiles. Based on the latest knowledge of phenotypic data and clinical follow-up, HIV-2 resistance interpretation rules have been updated and implemented in a freely available resistance analysis tool.</p
Eliciting and integrating order picker preferences in the evaluation of job assignment mechanisms in warehousing
No full textHuman operators remain essential for product retrieval in warehouses, also known as order picking. Due to its large share in warehousing costs, order picking often emerges at the centre of attention for efficiency improvements. While its physically demanding nature justifies the many efforts to reduce physical strain, an expanding number of studies call for increased attention to workers’ psychosocial well-being to cope with growing labour shortages. Accordingly, recent studies have questioned the traditional top-down job assignment paradigm to elevate order pickers’ job satisfaction by giving them the autonomy to choose their preferred task. Experimental trials demonstrated the potential of these participative systems to elevate job satisfaction, even with minimal attention paid to the determination of the choice alternatives. This paper adopts an Empirically Grounded Analytics approach to explore whether the positive impacts of a participatory system can be further improved by presenting more strategically determined choice alternatives to workers. We conduct a real-effort experiment (N = 165) to collect data on worker productivity and task utility, the latter defined as how much a worker appreciates a task. These empirical data are integrated into analytical models to assess various participatory system configurations. Numerical results show that participatory systems with productivity-oriented choice alternatives can reduce makespan by 8.4 %, while a focus on task utility can increase average task utility by 6.8 % compared to traditional top-down order assignment systems. The actual impact is thus contingent upon design choices. These results highlight the importance of intelligently determining choice alternatives to fully leverage the benefits of participatory systems
Backstopping poverty targeting in the periphery:Embedded external influence and transnationalised actors in social protection expansion in the Philippines and Cambodia
No full textThe research addresses the observed uniformity or convergence of the Philippines and Cambodia in terms of the broad design of their flagship cash transfer programmes, including the adherence to a very similar poverty targeting modality. Despite claims of variation or domestically driven policy design in the literature and by some of the key informants, closer inspection of the conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes in these two countries revealed superficial differences, such as in the criteria of cash recipients. The research embarked on two important tasks: first, to examine the role of external influence in policy diffusion and social protection expansion in developing countries; and second, to reflect upon the systemic implications of adopting CCTs and mainstreaming the associated social registry. The research confirmed the finding that external influence, in concert with ‘transnationalised’ policy actors, had driven the uniformity of the Philippines and Cambodia in the sector of social protection. Moreover, the research found that the adoption and consolidation of CCTs and the social registry have strengthened and entrenched a particular poverty targeting modality, deepening the poverty-centricity and even segregation in the Philippine and Cambodian social protection systems. If the goal is to leave no one behind, clearly, these conditions work in the opposite direction.<br/
Dispositions of Dis/Trust in Mobile Practices—Interpersonal, Algorithmic and Embodied
No full textWe outline a dis/trust typology relating to social consequences of mobile phone practices, examining vulnerability (power asymmetry) within social relationships and circumstantial uncertainty. Low vulnerability and uncertainty perpetuate habitual trust in ordinary routines, while high vulnerability and uncertainty situations may incite extraordinary leaps of faith. High vulnerability but low uncertainty, or vice versa, correspond to various strategic repertoires for negotiating power disparities. We call for future research to incorporate non-human actors into this framework
Consensus on acromegaly therapeutic outcomes:an update
No full textThe 15th Acromegaly Consensus Conference in September 2023 updated recommendations on therapeutic outcomes for acromegaly. Since the publication of medical management guidelines in 2018, new pharmacological agents and new treatment approaches have been developed. Fifty-two experts in the management of acromegaly reviewed the current literature and assessed changes in drug approvals, clinical practice standards and management. Current outcome goals were considered, with a focus on the effect of current and emerging somatostatin receptor ligands, the growth hormone receptor antagonist pegvisomant and the dopamine agonist cabergoline on biochemical control, clinical control, adenoma mass and surgical outcomes. Participants assessed factors that determine pharmacological choices, as well as the proposed use of each agent. Here, we present consensus recommendations highlighting how an evidence-based acromegaly management algorithm could be optimized in clinical practice.</p
Definition of resectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for inclusion in clinical trials:A clinical case review by a pan-European multidisciplinary expert panel led by the EORTC Lung Cancer Group
No full textIntroduction: Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease, leading to ambiguity in resectability criteria. This has prompted the EORTC Lung Cancer Group to establish a standardized definition of resectability for clinical trials. A Delphi consensus process was initiated, including a systematic review, survey, and clinical cases review. Here, we report exclusively the results of the clinical cases review, aimed to categorize cases based on tumor and lymph node factors, to identify those deemed surgically resectable upfront. Methods: Consecutive patients with clinical stage III NSCLC (8th TNM edition) treated at Institut Jules Bordet between 2016–2021 were identified. These cases underwent evaluation by multidisciplinary panels (MDT), comprising thoracic surgeons, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists/pulmonologists and imaging specialists. The MDT determined the resectability of each tumor, and non-consensual cases underwent a second and a third discussion rounds. A TNM-subset was classified as “resectable” if ≥75 % of cases within that category were deemed “resectable” following multiple rounds of review. Results: Among 105 cases, 52 % of tumors were stage IIIA, 36 % stage IIIB and 11 % stage IIIC. After the first two review rounds, 13 % of cases were classified as “no consensus” and moved to a third round. The main reasons were suboptimal imaging (n = 8), incomplete invasive mediastinal staging to assess the N factor (n = 3), and disagreement on the resectability of T4 tumors invading thoracic structures or with multi-station/bulky N2 disease (n = 3). After the third review round, T3-T4 tumors based on size/satellite nodules and/or with N1-N2 single-station involvement were considered resectable. In contrast, many invasive T4-tumors were considered unresectable, especially if combined with N2-N3 disease. N2-multi-station, N2-bulky or N3 involvement were generally considered unresectable (100 %/95 %/95 % respectively). Conclusions: After a multiple-round multidisciplinary review of real-world cases, consensus was reached for most TNM-subsets, except for invasive T4N0 tumors. This case review informed the Consensual Definition of Resectable stage III NSCLC in clinical trials.</p
Revisiting the starting age of colorectal cancer screening for the average-risk Asian population:a cost-effectiveness analysis
No full textBackground and Aims:One of the most prevalent and fatal tumors, colorectal cancer (CRC), has a significant impact on the use of healthcare services. Although Hong Kong's CRC screening program has been successful, it does not prioritize preventing early-onset CRC in people under age 50 years. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of different starting ages for CRC screening among an Asian population.Methods:We conducted a simulation study involving 100,000 individuals in Hong Kong who were screened using either the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or colonoscopy as primary screening methods at ages 40, 45, and 50 until age 75. The performance of different strategies was evaluated based on life-years gained, and cost-effectiveness was measured using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).Results:The ICERs for initiating FIT screening at age 50, screening starting at age 45, and screening starting at age 40 were U.S. dollars (USD) 53,262, USD 67,892, and USD 86,554, respectively. For colonoscopy, the ICERs for initiating screening at ages 50, 45, and 40 were USD 267,669, USD 312,848, and USD 372,090, respectively. Overall, the FIT strategy was found to be less costly. At 70%, 80%, and 90% compliance rates, the FIT at age 45 gained 2135, 2296, and 2438 life-years, respectively, whereas colonoscopy at age 45 gained 2725, 2798, and 2855 life-years, respectively. With increased compliance rates, the FIT could save a similar number of life-years as colonoscopy with lower cost.Conclusions:Initiating CRC screening at age 45 using the FIT in Hong Kong was determined to be a well-balanced and cost-effective strategy. This approach demonstrated a cost advantage over starting screening at age 40 and resulted in more lives saved compared with screening at age 50
Point-of-Care Ultrasound vs. Manual Palpation for Pulse Check in Cardiac Arrest Patients:A Systematic Review
No full textBackground:Accurate pulse checks are extremely important in the management of cardiac arrest patients. Pulse check through manual palpation (MP) is known to be difficult and unreliable, even for healthcare providers. Given the increasing role of Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in cardiac arrest care, it may offer a more effective method for pulse check.Objective:This systematic review aimed to investigate whether POCUS of the great arteries would be a more accurate and faster alternative to manual palpation for the pulse check during cardiac arrest.Methods:We performed a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A search was performed through Medline, Embase, Web of Science Core, Cochrane Central and Google Scholar. The articles were screened for eligibility and assessed for risk of bias through the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) 2 tool by two independent reviewers.Results:The search yielded 437 articles, of which 6 matched our inclusion criteria. All 3 studies that reported about the accuracy had a higher accuracy for pulse check with POCUS. All 5 studies that reported about the speed of the pulse check had a shorter mean pulse check duration for POCUS.Conclusion:This systematic review suggest that POCUS is quicker and more accurate than manual palpation for checking the pulse during cardiac arrest. However the evidence is limited by the scarcity, variable quality and the heterogeneity of the studies
Performance measures for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy:a European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Quality Improvement Initiative - Update 2025
No full textQuality markers and patient experience should be implemented to ensure standardization of practice across upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy procedures. The set benchmarks ensure high quality procedures are delivered and linked to measurable outcomes. In 2016, the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), via its Quality Improvement Committee's UGI Working Group, set a first list of performance measures, including major (key) and minor performance indicators. This paper provides an update on those performance measures, considering the latest literature.Patients referred for a UGI endoscopy should have an appropriate indication and be fasting for ≥ 2 hours for liquids and ≥ 6 hours for solids.For a diagnostic UGI endoscopy, patients should have an allocated time slot of ≥ 20 minutes; adequate reporting should include a mucosal visibility score according to one of the available standardized and validated scales; adequate photodocumentation should include relevant normal anatomical landmarks and all abnormal findings; adequate inspection should include the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, and should last ≥ 7 minutes from intubation to extubation; adequate terminology should include the description of any abnormal finding according to the available standardized and validated classifications.For patients with nondysplastic Barrett's esophagus (BE) undergoing surveillance UGI endoscopy, an adequate inspection should take ≥ 1 minute/cm of circumferential extent of Barrett's epithelium and include the use of chromoendoscopy (acetic acid and/or virtual); biopsies should be taken according to the Seattle protocol.Adequate inspection for a diagnostic UGI endoscopy in patients with a history of ear, nose, and throat, or lung tumors treated with curative intent should include the use of virtual chromoendoscopy.Adequate diagnostic UGI endoscopy for patients evaluated for their risk of gastric cancer should include biopsies taken according to the ESGE management of precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS) guideline.Adequate safety after a therapeutic UGI endoscopy should be assessed by monitoring the incidence of complications.Patients undergoing a diagnostic UGI endoscopy should have their experience measured using a validated scale, to promote a patient-centered and quality-driven environment.Patients with nondysplastic BE or gastric precancerous conditions in an endoscopic surveillance program should be monitored for guideline interval adherence.</p