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Effect of Centaurea pullata Methanolic Extract on the Growth of Portulaca oleracea
Get PDFPhytotoxicity or allelopathy means poisonous results by a composite onplantgrowth, composites may be trace metals, pesticides salinity or phytotoxins. Some of the medicinal plants have phytotoxic activities which inhibit the growth of weeds and unwanted plants which are not of our desire. The present study is aimed to investigate the phytotoxic assessment of Centaurea pullata methanolic extract (CPME) roots. Dried plant were ground and extracted with methanol to prepare methanol crude extract. In-vitro phytotoxicity activity was conducted using these methanolic extracts as per standard procedures. The inhibitory effect of Centaurea pullata extract is tested on stalk and root of Portulaca oleracea and using four concentrations (3, 1.5, 0.75 and 0.37mg/ml) of plant extract and distal water in control. The result is noted on 5th and 10th days. The results obtained from these experiments showed that the crude methanolic extract of Centaurea pullata slightly inhibits the roots and shoots of Portulaca oleracea seeds as compared to the control plate which was not treated by the above mentioned sample extracts shown in Figures as. From the results obtained that, Phytotoxicity activity of Centaurea pullata methanolic extract showed non-significant results. Purification and in vivo studies of these plant are required for further verification
Heritability Estimates for Some Growth Traits of Dhatti Camel Breed in Tharparkar
Get PDFPurposed study was conducted using 12 sire”s 232 offspring. The parameters were studied birth weight, body weight, weight at 6 month, average daily gain to 6 month, yearling weight, total weight gain from 6 month and average daily gain from 6 month till one year. The results for heritability estimates were analyzed using the variance with unequal subclass numbers by using the data of 12 parental half sib groups. The average numbers of offspring were ranged per sire 3 to 84 with mean of 16.4. The effect of sire was observed significantly higher (P≤.0) in said traits. While the results of heritability estimates were observed low to moderate for birth weight, birth weight at 6 month, average daily gain to 6month, yearling weight, total weight, weight gain to 6 month and average daily gain from six month to 1 year respectively. The results for correlation estimates between these traits were positive and high for bwt with TG6 month and bwt at 6 month with and 6 month to 1 year. It is concluded that values for heritability and correlation were observed in range of other farm animal, while for the better production and higher values selection process is advisable for these traits
Loaf Characteristics and Sensory Properties of whole Wheat Bread Fortified with Sorghum and Rice Flour
Get PDFBread is a common staple food in developing countries and also in many other regions of the world. The loaf characteristic and sensory attributes of bread samples prepared by using different composite flours in which ratio of whole wheat flour, sorghum flour and rice flour kept as 100:0:0 (F1), 80:10:10 (F2) and 60:20:20 (F3) was evaluated. The composite flours F1, F2 and F3 were subsequently used for making bread samples i.e. whole wheat bread (WWB), sorghum rice bread-1 (SRB-1) and sorghum rice bread-2 (SRB-2), respectively. The results indicated that significantly higher loaf weight (g) was recorded in SRB-2 followed by SRB-1 and WWB. Significantly higher bread height (cm) was noticed in SRB-1 followed by WWB and SRB-2. The bread sample WWB was found to have significantly higher volume and specific volume followed by SRB-1 and SRB-2. It was also revealed that significantly higher average score for bread crust color was perceived by WWB. However, bread sample SRB-1 perceived significantly higher score (
Observational Cross-Sectional Study on Dietary Supplementation among Adults in Eastern Croatia
Get PDFThe aim of the study was to gain insight into supplementation habits among adults in eastern Croatia. In cross-sectional study 466 adult participants were asked by anonymous survey about the type of supplement they take, the doses of the used supplement and the reasons and motivation for supplementation. Results revealed that participants most often chose essential nutrients (59 %) among which magnesium, multivitamins, B-complex vitamins, calcium and omega-3 fatty acids dominate. Supplementation is mostly aimed for disease treatment (46 %) and prevention (35 %) with musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases being the main cause followed by digestive system diseases. Most of the supplements were selected based on the recommendation of a health professional (76 %) and in line with recommendation by pharmacist or as stated at the product label (86 %)
Characterisation of Carotenoid and Total Retinol Equivalent Content in Ulam and Medicinal Species as Alternative Food Intervention to Combat Vitamin A Deficiency
Get PDFVitamin A deficiency (VAD) is one of the continuous leading causes of children and pregnant women death. To overcome this malnutrition which currently affected one-third of the world population, there is always renewed interest in exploring numerous dietary sources rich in carotenoids which some of them serve as pre-cursors to vitamin A (pro-vitamin A). It is important that affordable staple foods be as nutritious as possible because poverty limits food access for much of the developing world’s population. Therefore, this study was aimed to explore various dietary sources for carotenoids in 28 ulam and medicinal species which are commonly consumed by the local folks. Carotenoid extraction using organic solvents was performed and analysis employed in this study through High Performance Liquid Chromatography revealed seven types of carotenoids in the food matrices; neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene and β-carotene. Interestingly, these carotenoids profiles were found in varying concentration and composition in different species as well as in different period or season. Total carotenoids content quantified in all of the samples lies between 1.315 ± 0.007 to 190.301 ± 3.427 µg/g DW where cekur manis has the highest content. The total vitamin A activity (in terms of retinol equivalent, RE) of every species is also included in this study. The results suggested that at least 20 of the ulam and medicinal species may be used as alternative food intervention to eliminate VAD as a public health concern
In Silico Comparison of Disulfide-Bearing and Disulfide-Free Phytases among Microorganisms
Get PDFPhytases are degrading enzymes that hydrolyze phytate (myo inositol hexa kis phosphate) to release a series of lower phosphate esters of myoinositol and orthophosphate. Phytase successfully used as an animal feed additive to increase the bioavailability of phosphate from phytic acid in the grain-based diets of poultry and swine. In order to investigate structural relationships between disulfide-bearing phytases and disulfide-free phytases, 9 phytases with resolved three-dimensional (3D) structure were retrieved as pdb and FASFA format from Protein Data Bank server and were analyzed using various tools and software. The results showed that 6 out of 9 phytases carry three or more disulfid bonds while the others lack any disulfide bonds. Our results also demonstrated that there is a remarkable correlation between the presence of disulfide bond and the number of amino acid in each phytase which means the larger enzymes contain three or more disulfide bonds whereas the enzymes containing less than 400 amino acids lack any disulfide bond. Additionally, in order to dig out the structure of phytases, some chemical and physical characteristics of phytases such as aliphatic index (AI), isoelectric pH (PI), amino acids percentage, molecular weights (MW) and 3D structure of phytases were analyzed. Results showed that phytases containing disulfide bonds have some identical characteristic including glycine percentage, AI, and 3D structure rather than disulfide-free phytases do. Moreover, evolutionary surveys by means of alignment studies and evaluations were conducted. Evolutionary analysis represented that phytases with disulfide bond most probably exhibited the same evolutionary course
Study on Cultivators Associating Post Harvest Losses of Onion Vegetable in Sindh’s Mirpurkhas District
Get PDFA study was carried out in Mirpurkhas District of Sindh Province during the year 2015-16, aiming to observe post-harvest losses of onions associated with the cultivators. Following the random sampling 60 respondents were selected from 12 villages of 06 Talukas in the District. Interviews were conducted for the collection of data. Problems expressed were as; high cost of fertilizers (93.33%), high cost of pesticides (93.33%), hand weeding is labour consuming and expensive (91.66%), labour problems during harvesting (85%), ineffective and costly weedicides (80%), lack of knowledge about recommended fertilizers doses for onion crop (80%) and lack of knowledge about improved varieties (68.33%). The problems in marketing of onion include lack of remunerative price (96.66%), fluctuation in market price (93.33%) and high charges of transportation (20%). The present study suggested that training/ awareness programs should be conducted for cultivators regarding establishing technical storage and handling onion problems
Effect of Different Synthetic Pesticides Against Pink Bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) On Bt. and non-Bt. Cotton Crop
Get PDFThe field studies were conducted at the farmer’s field in 2015-2016 to determine the effect of three different insecticides (triazon, radiant and polytrin C) on Bt. and non-Bt. cotton varieties against pink bollworm. The results revealed that triazon was observed the most effective pesticide against PBW on both cotton varieties. The mortality reduction percent of 33.99 to 30.45% was recorded at triazon, 27.72 to 26.95% at radiant and 24.68 to 14.48% at polytrin C respectively, in 2015. However, in 2016 the mortality reduction percent decreased but effective trend of these selected pesticides were observed same with mortality reduction percent of 28.15 to 25.46% at triazon, 21.95 to 23.52% at radiant and 19.96 to 16.37% at polytrin C in Bt. and non-Bt. cotton varieties. In present investigation, triazon was observed the most effective pesticide than radiant and polytrin C on larvae of PBW in both Bt. and non-Bt. varieties
Antibiotic Susceptibility of Brucella abortus Isolated from Milk and Blood Samples of Cattle
Get PDFThe bacterial species belongs to genus Brucella produce infections in humans, farm and wild animals are known as Brucellosis. In normal routine there is rational misuse of drugs especially broad spectrum poses a great concern for the treatment of Brucellosis in cattle. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of locally available various antibiotics against the Brucella abortus isolated from Lohani and Holstein cattle breeds. Various antibiotics such as kanamicin, chloramphenicol, rifapmicin, gentamycin, enroflaxcin, tertracyline, streptomycin, tobramycin and pencillin were tested against the isolated Brucella abortus. Brucella abortus was found highly sensitive to gentamicin, tobramicin and pencillin G with sensitivity percentage 75, 100 and 100%, respectively. The antibiogram results revealed gentamycin and tobramicin were highly effective antibiotics against the Brucella abortus. The organism was moderately sensitive against tetracycline, chloramphenicol, rifapmicin and enroflaxcin with sensitivity recorded of 65, 60, 60 and 90%, respectively. However, the organism was weakly sensitive against streptomycin and kanamicin 50 and 40%, respectively. The organism confirmed its resistance against the ampicillin. Overall, gentamycin and tobramicin were shown the highest antibiogram activity against the isolated Brucella abortus from the bovine milk and blood samples. While, the isolated organism was not sensitive to ampicillin
Smoothness and Monotone Decreasingness of the Solution to the BCS-Bogoliubov Gap Equation for Superconductivity
No full textWe show the temperature dependence such as smoothness and monotone decreasingness with respect to the temperature of the solution to the BCS-Bogoliubov gap equation for superconductivity. Here the temperature belongs to the closed interval [0,t] with t >0 nearly equal to half of the transition temperature. We show that the solution is continuous with respect to both the temperature and the energy, and that the solution is Lipschitz continuous and monotone decreasing with respect to the temperature. Moreover, we show that the solution is partially differentiable with respect to the temperature twice and the second-order partial derivative is continuous with respect to both the temperature and the energy, or that the solution is approximated by such a smooth function