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Botany, Ethnobotanical Uses, Biological and Chemical Properties of Gethyllis afra L. (Amaryllidaceae)
Get PDFGethyllis afra is an important medicinal plant species in South Africa. The current study critically reviewed the botany, ethnobotanical uses, biological and chemical properties of G. afra. Information on the botany, ethnobotanical uses, biological and chemical properties of G. afra was collected from multiple internet sources which included Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Science Direct, Web of Science, Pubmed, SciFinder and BMC. Additional information was gathered from pre-electronic sources such as journal articles, scientific reports, books and book chapters obtained from the University library. This study showed that G. afra is mainly used as food, aphrodisiac, and herbal medicine for colic, indigestion, stomach-ache, boils, bruises, insect bites, toothache, convulsions, heart problems and sleeplessness. Major compounds isolated from the fruits of G. afra include ?-pinene, n-butyl n-butyrate, isoamyl acetate, ?-pinene and 2-methylbutyl butyrate. There is need to validate the documented ethnomedicinal uses of G. afra through phytochemical and pharmacological studies. Therefore, future studies should focus on these knowledge gaps particularly evaluating the chemical and biological activities of G. afra crude extracts and compounds isolated from the species
The Effect of Health Education and Mobile Control Application Program on Anemia among Pregnant Women
Get PDFBackground: anemia is one of the most widespread nutritional deficiency diseases. An intervention is needed to improve Hb among pregnant women in order to avoid maternal and perinatal complication and deaths. The use of mobile control application has improved the compliance of ferrum tablet consumption. This study aimed to assess the effect of health education and mobile application control on anemia among pregnant women.Methodology: The design of t he res earc h is quasy experimental. The study was conducted in Banten from September to December 2017. Multistage cluster sampling technique was used in this research. The samples were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group consists of health education using a module and the mobile application program. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Wilcoxon sign rank test and independent t-test were used with alpha .05.Results: There was a significant difference of pregnant women’s knowledge (z= -7.187, p= .005), pregnant women’s perception (z= -7.054, p= .005), and pregnant women attitude before and after intervention (z= -6.35, p= .005). There was a significant difference of family knowledge (z= -6.53, p= .005), family attitude (z= -4.56, p= .005), and family support before and after intervention (z= -7.08, p= .005). There was a difference of Hb mean between experiment and control group after the intervention (t= 7.12, p= .005).Conclusions: health education and mobile control application program has a positive effect on anemia among pregnant women. An advocacy is required at governmental level after developing a frame of reference for understanding anemia in pregnancy
Agricultural Irrigation with Effluent – What should we be Worried About?
No full textPolicy regarding effluent water and reclamation aims to prevent environmental pollution while proposing an alternative water resource. Water makes up 99–99.9% of raw wastewater. Thus extracting organic and inorganic matter from water is a must. Worldwide, but especially in developed countries, great effort has been made to reuse wastewater, and it is becoming a reliable alternative source. Israel is the world leader in water reuse, allocating 85% of effluent water for agricultural irrigation. As such, it constitutes a “living laboratory” in which to study the implications of the intensive use of treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation, leading to research and legislation regarding effluent quality and regulation. Effluent produced in Israel is subject to severe regulations and standards and is considered suitable for every use except drinking water. It is mostly allocated for agricultural irrigation with no restrictions. The irrigated lands are close to natural water sources, and therefore water leaching from the fields infiltrate those sources, becoming part of the water cycle. A group of persistent and toxic nano- and micro-organic contaminants, including pharmaceutical residues, flows to water-treatment plants from hospitals, industry, agriculture and especially the domestic sector. These contaminants\u27 chemical structure, characterized by aromatic rings and double bonds, makes them especially persistent; they are resistant to conventional biological treatment, used as a secondary treatment. As a result, the effluent that leaves the treatment plants, which is considered to be of high quality, actually contains pharmaceutical residues. After secondary and tertiary treatment, these persistent chemical residues can still be found in surface water, groundwater and agricultural products. Pharmaceutical residues in effluent allocated for agricultural irrigation are undesirable. Expansion of the monitoring system for those contaminants, improvement of the tertiary treatment, and implementation of advanced technologies for decomposition and removal of pharmaceutical contaminants are thus needed
Prevalence and Major Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation
Get PDFThis research paper studies prevalence and major risk factors for atrial fibrillation. This problem is very important and significant nowadays in the medicine. People are suffering a lot and is considered one of the major health problems.Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a heart rhythm disorder that increases the risk of stroke, disability, and mortality. The prevalence of AF in the adult population is on average 0.4–2%. According to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study, about 33.5 million people in the world suffer from AF. The aim of our study was to study the prevalence of AF among the adult population of Almaty and Almaty region and the risk factors for the development of AF. Of the 1,575 respondents, 52 were found to have AF, which was 3.3%. The main risk factors for the development of AF / TP were age, diseases of the cardiovascular system, type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight
Improving the Quality of Life of Patients with Arterial Hypertension in Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFCurrently, there are no recommendations on the features of detecting early signs of CHF in patients with diabetes mellitus. And they are necessary, taking into account that in case of diabetes mellitus type 2 (more than 95% of all patients with diabetes mellitus), the overwhelming number of patients are overweight and obesity, which can affect the validity of the 6-minute walk test and scale clinical state assessment (SHOX) in the modification.In the treatment of patients with CHF, the “gold” standard is the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) according to the third edition of the recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of CHF. Antagonists of receptors for angiotensin II type 1 (APA II) remain at the same time reserve drugs. Adherence to these standards of patients in different regions of the Russian Federation varies over a rather wide range, and there is almost no information about the compliance of patients with diabetes mellitus with prescribed drug therapy in the presence of CHF.Thus, the need to identify the frequency of CHF in patients with type 2 diabetes, clarifying the features of this diagnosis and optimizing the treatment of such patients is beyond doubt.Objective: to clarify the frequency of chronic heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes in the specialized | department of the hospital and unorganized urban population, to assess the adequacy of its diagnosis and treatment.Research Objectives: Identify the prevalence of chronic heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes.To assess the level of diagnosis of chronic heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes.To analyze the state of drug therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes in the presence of chronic seru
Bioactive Compounds Constituent and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Natural Rice Bran Oil Produced from Colored and Non-Pigmented Rice in Northern Thailand
Get PDFThe aims of the study were to measure and compare the content of the bioactive compounds in natural rice bran oils (NRBOs) and investigate for anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition effect on nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cells.NRBOs were prepared from colored and non-pigmented rice in northern Thailand using the cold-press technique. The bioactive compound constituents in NRBOs, including tocotrienols, tocopherols, and γ-oryzanol were analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC. Then, anti-inflammatory activity was investigated through an inhibition effect on NO and iNOS production induced by combined lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cells. The results demonstrated that NRBOs prepared from purple rice, red rice and non-pigmented rice consist of δ, γ, and α-tocotrienol, δ, β, γ, and α-tocopherol, and γ-oryzanol. γ-Oryzanol, γ-tocotrienol, and γ-tocopherol were the major bioactive compounds in NRBOs. NRBOs prepared from purple rice bran exhibited higher concentrations of the bioactive compounds than red rice bran and non-pigmented rice bran, respectively. Khaoʹ′ GamLeum-Phua (KGLP) exhibited the highest amount of δ, γ and α-tocotrienol, δ, γ, β and α-tocopherol, and γ-oryzanol. Interestingly, all NRBOs inhibited NO and iNOS production by LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, NRBO prepared from KGLP exhibited the highest inhibitory activity on NO and iNOS production. There may a potential use for pigmented NRBOs especially cultivated in mountainous areas which containing high amounts of tocotrienols, tocopherols, and γ-oryzanol, as a natural anti-inflammatory active ingredient in nutraceutical and cosmeceutical products
Factors Associated with Coping Strategies among Primigravida Pregnant Women in Jakarta
Get PDFStress in women, before and during pregnancy, may result in a negative impact on the mother and fetus. In Indonesia, the anxiety rate in primigravida pregnant women when facing labor is higher than multigravida. Every pregnant woman makes an attempt to overcome or manage stress in her pregnancy in order to adapt and cope with stress. To find out the coping ability, pregnant women should find the source of stress prior to labor. This study was conducted to determine the direct and indirect factors affecting the coping ability in primigravida pregnant women. The study used a cross sectional study method through PLS analysis. The study population consisted of primigravida pregnant women, and a sample of 200 of them was taken. The measurement results of Path Coefficients and TStatistics on the influence of variables in the structural model and overall variables showed a positive and significant effect. The T statistic value of all variables was above the critical value (1.96). The results of the PLS test indicated that the empowerment and social support variables, directly and indirectly, influenced the coping abilities. Trust, personality, lifestyle, perceptions, and attitudes had impacts directly on the coping abilities. The percentage of the direct and indirect influence between variables was 97.92%. Empowerment, social support, personality, lifestyle, perceptions, and attitudes variables had an influence on the coping abilities of primigravida pregnant women. A controlled trial study should be done to see the impact of this model on reducing the risks during pregnancy
Authentication of Geographic Origin of Wine by using EDXRF and Multivariate Statistics
Get PDFThe controlled geographic origin of wine is value added and therefore of great interest to both consumers and manufacturers. It is widely accepted that soil is important component of a wine region terroir, but the reflection of the soil characteristics into the wine, and especially soil elemental composition which is very specific for each vineyard location, is not yet fully understood. By assuming that link between elemental composition of soil and wine exists, the discrimination technique Between Group - Principle Component Analysis (BG-PCA) was used on log(csoil)/log(cwine) ratios of elements Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Rb and Sr to find and evaluate differences between wine regions. The results have been shown for 16 wine samples of Graševina (variety of grapevine Riesling), which can be grouped in 5 viniculture regions of the continental part of the Republic of Croatia. Wine samples pre-concentrated by freeze drying and corresponding soil samples were analyzed by the EDXRF technique
The Analysis of Protein Level and Amino Acid Profile in Eels (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor) of Lake Poso
Get PDFIn this study used a sample of eel fish species Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor from Poso lake that has a high protein content and is a fish endemic to Central Sulawesi. These eels are consumed by the surrounding community of the lake, but the nutritional content remains unknown. The present research was aimed to determine the protein level and amino acid profile of Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor eels. The protein level testing used Kjeldahl method, and amino acid profile used High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The results demonstrate the protein level of the two samples Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard eels have a protein content of 41.84% and Anguilla bicoloreels at 33.75%. Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor eels contain 18 types of amino acid, comprised of 9 types of essential amino acids and 9 types of non-essential amino acids. Of the two samples of eel species Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor, have complete protein quality because it has all kinds of essential amino acids
Study of Physical and Chemical and Biochemical Indicators Lamb
Get PDFThe main sources of animal protein are meat, milk, eggs and fish. Meat and meat products contain half of the protein a person needs, as well as all the fats, carbohydrates, hormones and other biologically active substances necessary for his life. Meat is the optimal supplier of trace elements such as iron, zinc and selenium.The aim of the work is the need to conduct research on the development of promising methods for processing raw meat and expanding the range, preparing it for the manufacture of high-quality meat products.The presented article is aimed at the development of scientifically-based solutions necessary for the implementation of the technology for the production of combined products through a combination of meat and vegetable raw materials