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Circulating Thyroid Hormones and Indices of Energy and Lipid Metabolism in Normal and Hormonally Induced Oestrus Cows
Get PDFIn a field study, circulating thyroid hormones, their free forms and indices of energy and lipid metabolism were measured in blood samples of 16 dairy cows expressing detectable oestrus signs. The cows were divided into two equal groups according to their days in milk (DIM=53-90 and DIM=100-150). In each group, 4 cows expressed the oestrus signs normally and the others were induced by hormone injection. Serum thyroxin (T4), free thyroxin (fT4), triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (fT3), glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglyceride (TAG), cholesterol, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL-cholesterol), low density lipoproteins (LDL-cholesterol) and high density lipoproteins (HDL-cholesterol) were investigated. Comparison of all oestrus cows (normal or induced) between DIM groups (n=8 each) revealed lower levels of T4 (P=0.027) and T3 (P=0.022), but higher concentrations of fT4 (P=0.031) and fT3 (P=0.006) in the cows with lower DIM. Higher concentrations of TAG and VLDL (P=0.021) and cholesterol (P=0.046) as well as a tendency (P=0.074) for lower levels of BHB were other remarkable findings in cows with lower DIM. In cows with DIM=53-90, the normal oestrus cows had higher levels of T3 (P=0.044) as well as tendencies (P=0.083) for higher T4 and lower fT4 compared with induced cows. In cows with DIM=100-150, however, no significant difference was observed between the normal and induced oestrus cows. In conclusion, the cows that express oestrus signs normally may have better metabolic and thyroid hormone conditions compared to those that express heat by hormone injection. With progress in DIM, however, such differences may become less evident
Radiolytic Reduction of Aqueous Solutions of a Commercial Reactive Dye in the Range 0-100KGY by CO60 Gamma Radiation Source
Get PDFGamma dosimetric behavior of the aqueous solutions of the Sandalfix Golden Yellow CRL (SGY-145) dye was studied. The sample solutions of two chemical natures i.e., Acidic and Alkaline; were irradiated by Co60 γ-sources in the range 0-100kGy. The “Control samples” were remained un-irradiated and also chemically neutral. The dosimetry was done in three phases i.e., Low, Intermediate and High, ranging from 100-1000Gy, 1-10kGy and 10-100kGy respectively. The found values of the “λmax” and the molar extinction coefficient “ε” of the dye were 467 nm and 3.4×103 mol-1cm-1respectively. The absorbance (A) of the aqueous solutions was studied at the absorption band maxima (λmax). The behavior of “Alkaline and Acidic solutions” was checked with the help of curve fittin
In Vitro Comparative Study on Antiherpetic Effect of Chlorhexidine and Persica Mouthwashes with Acyclovir
Get PDFIntroduction: Recurrent intraoral herpes in one of the common oral diseases that causes painful ulcers and viral shedding. The question was if chlorhexidine and persica mouthwashes has antiviral effects comparing to acyclovir. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, virucidal effects of both mouthwashes were examined, before and after HSV-1 infection of the vero cells, in the presence of various concentrations (½,¼,¹/8) of mouthwashes applied at different time intervals(0.5,1,5 minutes), by using quantal assays then were compared with acyclovir. The data were analyzed by one way and two way ANOVA. Results: Before inoculation, both mouthwashes showed virucidal effects on HSV-1, at all concentrations and persica showed more virucidal effect than chlorhexidine and acyclovir (p=0.0001,p= 0.04, respectively). After virus inoculation although persica and chlorhexidine indicated antiviral effect, this already were so far less than that of acyclovir which caused more significant reduction on virus titer (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Because of the better direct anti-HSV effect of the herbal mouthwash, persica, and its less side effects than chlorhexidine, it can be used for reduction of oral fluid contamination caused by viral shedding and also reduction of infectivity of oral ulcers
Effects of Carburizing Process Variables on Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Carburized Mild Steel
Get PDFThis work evaluates the suitability of using palm kernel shell, animal bone (mammalian bones from cattle) and sea shell (oyster shell) materials as carburizers for case hardening of 0.078%C mild steel. The mild steel sample used in this study sourced from universal steel company, Ikeja Lagos Nigeria was cut into suitable sizes using hacksaw machine for tensile and hardness tests. The carburizing media used were milled into fine powder while Barium trioxo (iv) carbonate (VI) (BaCO3) was used as an energizer in the carburizing process. Three rectangular stainless steel plate boxes were fabricated to accommodate each of the steel samples and carburized. A calculated amount of each carburizer was weighed into each of the stainless steel boxes and 20 wt % of BaC03 was mixed with each of them. Mild steel samples were covered completely in each of the boxes with the mixture of the carburizer and energizer placed in the furnace chamber. The carburizing temperatures varied between 700 - 1100oC while the holding time varied between 1-5 hrs. The boxes and its contents were allowed to cool down to room temperature in the furnace after carburization. All samples were heated to 850oC after been soaked for 30 minutes at this temperature and oil quenched. This was to increase the hardness of the case. Fifteen (15) of these samples were further tempered at 350oC for 2hrs to relieve the stress built up during quenching. Hardness test, tensile strength tests and chemical analysis were carried out on the samples. It was observed that the hardness values of the untempered samples are superior to the tempered ones at carburizing temperatures of 7000C, 8000C and 9000C. On the other hand, the tensile strengths of the tempered samples are higher relative to the untempered samples at carburizing temperatures of 7000C, 10000C and 11000C. The results of the carbon analysis show that palm kernel shell and animal bone are potentially suitable to be used as a carburizing media than the sea shell at high temperatures (above 10000C) with holding time above 1 hr
Effect of Packing System, Calcium Chloride and Chlorine on the Storage Life of Strawberry Fruits (Fragaria ananassa cv. Kordistan)
Get PDFEffect of packing system, calcium chlorite and chlorine was evaluated on storage life of strawberry fruits. Fruits were treated with commercial grade of chlorine (calcium hypochlorite at 0, 25, 50 and 100 ppm and sodium hypochlorite at 0, 25, 50 and 100 ppm with distilled water) for one minute and then treated with different grades of calcium chlorite 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 percentage for five minutes, then were divided to two groups; packed and non packed with plastic cover. Then fruits were evaluated for changes in quantity parameters; pH, TA (Titratable acidity), TSS (Total soluble solids), Dry and fresh weight ratio, water content, Anthocyanin, Ascorbic acid, Ca2+, Sugar and pectin. The results showed that the packed fruits treated with calcium chloride (at 0.5 and 1 percentage) and chlorine (at 50 ppm) remained better when compared with non packed fruits. It was found that packing treatment had not a significant effect on pH. It can also deduce that packed treated fruits showed a lower TA, Anthocyanin, calcium, sugar and pectin while TSS, fresh to dry weight ratio, water content and ascorbic acid was higher in packed treated fruits
Nutrient Composition, Antioxidant Activities and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Jujube Fruit: A General Review
Get PDFJujube (Ziziphus jujuba) fruit belongs to the Rhamnaceous family and is widely located in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia as well as in the Mediterranean regions including Jordan. Therefore, the aim of this review was to illustrate the nutritional value of jujube fruit and its importance in human health protection as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Recently, several scientific reports have been carried out about the presence of many biologically active compounds from Z. jujuba, which may have high potential benefit in human nutrition, health, and disease. Based on previous studies, jujube fruit can possess good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity rendering it a functional food. Since jujube fruit has diverse biological activity, further biological studies including clinical-based studies are recommended to explore the health promoting effect of jujube
Secretome-Derived Cultured Cell System: Overview Towards Extracellular Protein Characterization and Biotechnological Applications
Get PDFSecretome released by plant cells into the extracellular space, play crucial roles during development, embryonic potential acquisition, nutrient backing and stress acclimation. The dynamic nature of the extracellular proteome presents the challenge of identifying an array of extracellular proteins involved in the regulation of somatic embryogenesis in embryogenic suspension cultures. Extracellular proteins produced by cell cultures are perceived here as a central node of overlapping regulator factor network of totipotent somatic embryo developmental process. This paper reviews in a morphogenetic aspect the biological processes associated with extracellular protein-derived plant cultured cells and explores their prospective biotechnological applications in laboratories and biofactories retated to cell signaling and metabolism, developmental process, and biotic / abiotic stress tolerance. The role of extracellular proteins in acquisition and maintenance of embryonic potential and their relevance are especially emphasized
Silica-Supported Sulfuric Acid as Doping Agent in Synthesis of a New Composite of Poly(o-methoxyaniline) Under Solid-State Condition
Get PDF The objective of this research is the synthesis and characterization of the novel composite of poly(o-methoxyaniline)/silica-supported sulfuric acid (POMA-SSSA). The synthesis is done by doping of poly (o-methoxyaniline) emeraldine base in the presence of silica-supported sulfuric acid (SiO2-H2SO4, SSSA) under solid-state (solvent-free) conditions. Herein, poly(o-methoxyaniline) emeraldine salt (POMA-SA) is prepared simply by mixing the base form with H2SO4 in solid-state. The doping process is verified by ultraviolet-visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. It is shown that the polymers and composites have maximum doping and the doping counter ion in POMA-SA and POMA-SSSA-bw (before work-up) is HSO4– and in the POMA-SSSA-aw (after work-up) is SO42-. The prepared composites show good conductivity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that POMA molecules thoroughly have coated the surface of silica. Moreover, the morphology studies of composites show a smooth surface and sheet-like layer that have covered the particles within the range of 0.5 to 1 μm
The Impact of Technology in Mathematics Education: A Case Study of Pakistan
Get PDFAs we know that computers have become fountain pens of twenty first century. This paper discusses Computer Algebra System (CAS)activities used as part of a study conducted by the authors using Mathematica. It also emphasizes the use of Matlab for students and researchers for the purpose of verification of results of the problems at hand. This study will attempt to show the positive effect of the use of technology on students’ motivation by taking three examples from calculus, advanced algebra and sequence and series problems. The graphic illustration of functions helps students towards a proper understanding of mathematical science problems. The work carried out will be useful for students, researchers, and teachers understand both theory and use of computer applications in order to become master of the subject
The Role of Nutrients in a Dietary Intervention in Improving Blood Cholesterol Profile and Lowering Cardiovascular Risk
Get PDFLow-density lipoprotein cholesterol has been positively associated to an increase of cardiovascular risk by a large number of epidemiological studies. On the contrary, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol results inversely related to cardiovascular risk. In this contest plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, and the total cholesterol – high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio seems to be able to predict cardiovascular risk. Diet and its composition affects various plasma cholesterol concentration and their ratios. Particularly, a reduction of saturated fat acids dietary intake is strictly related to both improve of blood lipid profile and reduction of cardiovascular events incidence. On the other hand, the evidences from epidemiologic and clinical studies are consistent in finding that the reduction of cardiovascular risk depends by nutrients used for replacing saturated fat acids. Specifically it has been demonstrated that replacement of saturated fat acids with unsaturated fat acids, either monounsaturated or polyunsaturated ones, is effective in improving cardiovascular risk. On the contrary, saturated fat acids replacement with high glycemic index refined carbohydrate actually increases cardiovascular risk. Despite that, many dietary guidelines do not give any tips about nutrients to use in replacement of saturated fat acids, underestimating the significance. In this perspective Mediterranean diet, represents an attractive dietary pattern for the improvement of blood lipid profile and the reduction of the cardiovascular risk