imagine (Institute of molecular genetics and genetic engineering)
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Silicon as an anti-stress element for plants exposed to toxic copper
Get PDFBakar (Cu) je esencijalan mikroelement za biljke ali ukoliko je prisutan u višku ima fitotoksično
dejstvo izazivajući oksidativni stres. Silicijum(Si) ne spada u esencijalne ali je jedini element koji ispoljava protektivan
efekat na biljke u uslovima stresa. Primena silicijumove kiseline kod biljaka tretiranih toksičnim koncentracijama
bakra ublažava štetna dejstva i povećava toleranciju na prisustvo bakra u višku. Mehanizmi
delovanja silicijuma kod biljaka krastavca su detaljno proučeni i obuhvataju: smanjenje akumulacije Cu u
biljkama preko snižene ekspresije gena odgovornih za njegovo usvajanje, imobilizaciju Cu u ćelijskim zidovima,
povećanje sinteze Cu-liganada: organskih kiselina (citrat, malat i akonitat) i aminokiselina (nikocijanamin
i histidin) koji smanjuju koncentraciju slobodnih, reaktivnih jona Cu unutar ćelije. Primena Si je
uslovila smanjenje ekspresije mikro RNK (miR398 i miR408) koje predstavljaju glavne regulatore ekspresije
gena i proteina koji sadrže Cu kao kofaktor. Posledično, akumulacija Cu-proteina Cu/Zn superoksid-dismutaze
i plastocijanina koji vezujući Cu doprinose skladištenju viška jona Cu u biljnim ćelijama, je izraženija
kod biljaka gajenih sa silicijumom. Razumevanje uloge i mehanizama delovanja Si u biljkama će doprineti
njegovoj širokoj praktičnoj primeni u cilju povećanja rezistencije i tolerancije biljaka na stres.Although copper (Cu) is an essential microelement for plants, if present in excess it has a phytotoxic
effect causing oxidative stress. Silicon (Si) is not essential, but it is the only element with protective effect
to plants under stress. Application of silicic acid to plants treated with toxic concentrations of copper
alleviates the harmful effects of excess copper, which results in increase tolerance in these plants. The protective
mechanisms of Si in cucumber plants have been studied in more details and include a decrease in
accumulation of Cu by downregulation of genes responsible for Cu uptake in plants, immobilization of Cu
in the root cell walls as well as higher biosynthesis of Cu-ligands: organic acids (citrate, malate and aconitate)
and amino acids (nicotianamine and histidine) that decrease the concentration of free, reactive Cu ions
within the cell. The application of Si caused lower expression of microRNAs (miR398 and miR408) which are
the main regulators of the expression of genes and proteins containing Cu as a cofactor. Consequently, the
accumulation of Cu-proteins: Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and plastocyanin, which are buffering sinks for
excess Cu ions in plant cells, is more pronounced in plants grown with silicon. Better understanding the Simediated
mechanisms in plants exposed to stress will contribute to its wider agronomic application in order
to increase plant resistance and tolerance to stress
Supplementary data for the article: Djapovic, M.; Milivojevic, D.; Ilic-Tomic, T.; Lješević, M.; Nikolaivits, E.; Topakas, E.; Maslak, V.; Nikodinovic-Runic, J. Synthesis and Characterization of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Precursors and Potential Degradation Products: Toxicity Study and Application in Discovery of Novel PETases. Chemosphere 2021, 275, 130005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130005.
Get PDFSupplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130005]Related to published version: [https://imagine.imgge.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1415]Related to accepted version: [https://imagine.imgge.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1732
Polyphenol bioaccessibility and antioxidant properties of in vitro digested spray-dried thermally-treated skimmed goat milk enriched with pollen
No full textThe aim of research was to determine polyphenols bioaccessibility and antioxidant properties of thermallytreated skimmed goat milk enriched with sunflower bee-collected pollen through in vitro digestion. HPLC analysis confirmed that pollen-enriched milk contained flavonols as the main phenolic fraction (80.7-76.2%) followed by phenolic acids (14.2-17.4%). Among individual compounds quercetin-3-O-glucoside (155.1-197.2 mu g/L) and p-coumaric acid (29.5-30.7 mu g/L) were the main quantified flavonols and phenolic acids, respectively. After digestion of milk/pollen sample, total polyphenols recovery was 30.71% with higher phenolic acids recovery (40.1%) compared to flavonols (28.3%) indicating strong interactions between caprine milk casein micelles and pollen polyphenols. Applied antioxidant assays (phosphomolybdenum, ABTS center dot(+)scavenging activity and ferrous-ion-chelating capacity) have confirmed complexity of prepared product- it had high ability to quench ABTS center dot(+) radicals and to form chelating complexes with Fe2+ ions. Digestion provoked 20% reduction in total antioxidant capacity compared to the initial sample. TTSG milk/pollen powder could be good functional ingredient.Supplementary material:[https://imagine.imgge.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1607
Pike-perch larvae growth in response to administration of lactobacilli-enriched inert feed during first feeding
No full textThis study evaluated whether inert feed enriched with Lb. paracasei subsp. paracasei BGHN14 may be used as a weaning diet for first feeding pike-perch larvae. Three experimental groups were weaned from the start of exogenous feeding: two groups were given inert feed enriched with BGHN14 either via 12 h incubation with live BGHN14 cells or via coating with homogenized BGHN14 cells and one group was supplemented non-enriched inert feed. In all three groups Artemia was co-fed with inert feed during weaning. Control group larvae were fed Artemia exclusively during the treatment period. Treatment lasted fourteen days, starting from the 6th day post-hatch (DPH). Larval sampling was performed on the 20th DPH for gene expression and enzyme activity analysis. Larvae were also sampled on the 32nd DPH for morphometric and body composition analysis. Our results showed that weaning of first feeding pike-perch larvae was associated with an increase of fish condition (0.72 +/- 0.12-0.77 +/- 0.11 versus 0.67 +/- 0.11 in controls), but it suppressed skeleton development, according to Col1 mRNA expression (1 +/- 0.51-1.06 +/- 0.36 versus 2.07 +/- 0.53 in controls) and reduced fat deposition (1.25 +/- 0.23-1.49 +/- 0.33 versus 1.84 +/- 0.31% in controls). This presumably reflected lower availability of soluble proteins in microdiet as opposed to live food, along with high leaching rate of amino acids from solid feed particles, as reported in our previous studies. However, skeleton differentiation was not impaired in group weaned on BGHN14 homogenate coated feed (Col1 mRNA expression: 2.68 +/- 0.72), which was enriched in skeleton building and taste stimulating amino acids. These larvae were also presented with substantially higher length (15.28 +/- 2.55 versus 13.93 +/- 2.31 mm in controls) and weight (26.56 +/- 13.83 versus 21.03 +/- 11.25 mg in controls), which correlated with lower trypsin activity (1.06 +/- 0.13 versus 1.43 +/- 0.26 mU/mg of proteins in controls) and an increase of PLA2 to trypsin activity ratio (453.12 +/- 109.36 versus 264.84 +/- 69.03 in controls). Present study suggests that weaning of first feeding pike-perch larvae using BGHN14 homogenate coated microdiet supports skeleton development and improves fish growth
First whole-genome analysis of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) obtained from COVID-19 patients from five districts in Western Serbia
Get PDFThis study was endeavoured to contribute in furthering our understanding of the molecular epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by sequencing and analysing the first full-length genome sequences obtained from 48 coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients in five districts in Western Serbia in the period April 2020-July 2020. SARS-CoV-2 sequences in Western Serbia distinguished from the Wuhan sequence in 128 SNPs in total. The phylogenetic structure of local SARS-CoV-2 isolates suggested the existence of at least four distinct groups of SARS-CoV-2 strains in Western Serbia. The first group is the most similar to the strain from Italy. These isolates included two 20A sequences and 15-30 20B sequences that displayed a newly occurring set of four conjoined mutations. The second group is the most similar to the strain from France, carrying two mutations and belonged to 20A clade. The third group is the most similar to the strain from Switzerland carrying four co-occurring mutations and belonging to 20B clade. The fourth group is the most similar to another strain from France, displaying one mutation that gave rise to a single local isolate that belonged to 20A clade
Protective Effect of an Exopolysaccharide Produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8 Against Cadmium-Induced Toxicity in Caco-2 Cells
Get PDFCadmium (Cd) ranks seventh on the list of most significant potential threats to human health based on its suspected toxicity and the possibility of exposure to it. It has been reported that some bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have the ability to bind heavy metal ions. We therefore investigated the capacity of eight EPS-producing lactobacilli to adsorb Cd in the present study, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8 was chosen as the best candidate. In addition, we demonstrate that an EPS derived from BGAN8 (EPS-AN8) exhibits a high Cd-binding capacity and prevents Cd-mediated toxicity in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. Simultaneous use of EPS-AN8 with Cd treatment prevents inflammation, disruption of tight-junction proteins, and oxidative stress. Our results indicate that the EPS in question has a strong potential to be used as a postbiotic in combatting the adverse effects of Cd. Moreover, we show that higher concentrations of EPS-AN8 can alleviate Cd-induced cell damage
Cytotoxicity of the gold complex based on mercaptotriazole - A comparison with the conventional cyanide electrolyte
No full textThe study presents the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay results on human erythroleukemia K562 cell line to compare the toxicity of electrolytes based on the mercaptotriazole gold complex (Au-MT) and gold potassium cyanide. Solutions immediately after mixing and after three months at different concentrations were compared, with a prolonged aging period, to a year, for the electrolytes at pH = 9. Lower toxicity of new organic gold complex at pH = 4, 7, and 12 than of alkaline cyanide electrolyte, but higher at pH = 2, was determined. The solution of the Au-MT at pH = 9 had comparable, but lower cell toxicity in the whole investigated period
Fragment-type 4-azolylcoumarin derivatives with anticancer properties
No full textSeveral coumarin derivatives with a directly attached azole substituent at C-4 were synthesized and biologically studied for their anticancer properties. The cell lines used for this investigation (HeLa, K-562, MDA-MB-53, and MCF-7) demonstrated different sensitivities. The best response in the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay was shown by K-562 cells, with compounds displaying activity (3c, IC50 3.06 mu M; 4a, IC50 5.24 mu M; 4c, IC50 4.7 mu M) similar to that of cisplatin (IC50 similar to 6 mu M), which was used as the standard. The studied azole-substituted coumarins demonstrated weaker activity toward other cell lines, except for compound 4c, which was equally potent in the case of MCF-7 cells. Additional biological evaluations supported interference with the cell cycle as a potential mechanism of action and confirmed the absence of toxicity in zebrafish embryos. On the basis of these initial results, 4-azole coumarins should be explored further. Although their activity would need additional optimization, the fact that these compounds are fragment-like structures with MW P lt 3 offers enough flexibility to fine-tune their drug-like properties
Prognostic potential of circulating miR-93-5p in patients with colorectal liver metastases
Get PDFApproximately half of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients will develop liver metastases
(CRLM) during the course of the disease. Even with the use of modern adjuvant systemic treatment,
almost two thirds of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients will eventually develop recurrent
disease after curative-intent surgery, thus the new prognostic biomarkers are necessary. The expression
signatures of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs, have been associated with the
diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response in CRC. The expression pattern and prognostic potential of
miR-93-5p has been studied previously in CRC but not in mCRC. The aim of this study was to examine
the expression pattern and prognostic potential of tumoral and circulating miR-93-5p in patients with
CRLM.EACR 2021 Virtual Congress: Innovative Cancer Science. 09-12 June 202
Supporting information for Ušjak, Dušan, Dinić, Miroslav, Novović, Katarina, Ivković, Branka, Filipović, Nenad, Stevanović, Magdalena, Milenković, Marina T., "Methoxy‐Substituted Hydroxychalcone Reduces Biofilm Production, Adhesion and Surface Motility of Acinetobacter baumannii by Inhibiting ompA Gene Expression" in Chemistry & Biodiversity, 18, no. 1 (2021):e2000786, https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202000786
No full textAn increasing lack of available therapeutic options against Acinetobacter baumannii urged researchers to seek alternative ways to fight this extremely resistant nosocomial pathogen. Targeting its virulence appears to be a promising strategy, as it offers considerably reduced selection of resistant mutants. In this study, we tested antibiofilm potential of four synthetic chalcone derivatives against A. baumannii. Compound that showed the greatest activity was selected for further evaluation of its antivirulence properties. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate mRNA expression of biofilm-associated virulence factor genes (ompA, bap, abaI) in treated A. baumannii strains. Also, we examined virulence properties related to the expression of these genes, such as fibronectin- and collagen-mediated adhesion, surface motility, and quorum-sensing activity. The results revealed that the expression of all tested genes is downregulated together with the reduction of adhesion and motility. The conclusion is that 2′-hydroxy-2-methoxychalcone exhibits antivirulence activity against A. baumannii by inhibiting the expression of ompA and bap genes, which is reflected in reduced biofilm formation, adhesion, and surface motility.Conference poster: [https://imagine.imgge.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2820]Supporting information for the article: Ušjak, Dušan, Dinić, Miroslav, Novović, Katarina, Ivković, Branka, Filipović, Nenad, Stevanović, Magdalena, Milenković, Marina T., "Methoxy‐Substituted Hydroxychalcone Reduces Biofilm Production, Adhesion and Surface Motility of Acinetobacter baumannii by Inhibiting ompA Gene Expression" in Chemistry & Biodiversity, 18, no. 1 (2021):e2000786, [https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202000786]Related to the peer-reviewed manuscript: [https://imagine.imgge.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2821]Related to the published version: [https://imagine.imgge.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1509