imagine (Institute of molecular genetics and genetic engineering)
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Trendovi u molekularnoj biologiji/Trends in Molecular Biology
No full textUspostaviti tradiciju je mnogo teže nego realizovati inicijativu. Pokazalo se da je prvi broj tematskog zbornika Trendovi u molekularnoj biologiji 1pobudio interesovanje naučne zajednice u Srbiji, tako da drugi broj nije bilo teško sastaviti. Broj poglavlja u tematskom zborniku Trendovi u molekularnoj biologiji je premašio očekivanja. Kao da je Tematski zbornik simbolično postao - Ko je ko u molekularnoj biologiji u Srbiji. I ponovo se pokazalo da se naučnici u našoj zemlji bave aktuelnim istraživačkim temama i aktivno doprinose napretku molekularne biologije na mnogim poljima. I mladi molekularni biolozi su prikazom svojih doktorskih teza pokazali da prate svetske trendove i savremene naučne pristupe. Posebnost ovog broja je što se objavljuje u vreme kada obeležavamo jubilej, pedesetogodišnjicu Beogradske škole molekularne biologije, o čemu svedoči tekst u kome je prikazan put razvoja programa za molekularnu biologiju na Biološkom fakultetu Univerziteta u Beogradu. Pre više godina na jednom naučnom skupu se govorilo o tome kako saznanja iz molekularne biologije prožimaju sve naučne oblasti koje se bave živim organizmima i kako se može predvideti da će njena primena obeležiti novi vek. Iz auditorijuma je stigao komentar: „Proći će i vaše“. Vreme svedoči da je era molekularne biologije tek počela. „I šta ćemo sad?
CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO NEW PHAGES ACTIVE ON MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
No full textBACKGROUND
Multidrug-resistant bacteria are emerging at an alarming rate. Among them, carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa
is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. Various intrinsic and acquired mechanisms
of antibiotic resistance make it a serious therapeutic challenge. One of the promising alternative treatments
employs the use of bacteriophages, natural enemies of bacteria.
OBJECTIVES
The key objective was to isolate, purify and characterize natural lytic bacteriophage(s) that could serve
as potential therapeutic(s) for combating multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa.
METHODS
2 lytic phages, PSJM and PLST, were isolated from Belgrade wastewaters, purified and concentrated using CsCl
gradient ultracentrifugation. The phages host range were screened using spot assay against 5 P. aeruginosa
stains from ATCC collection, and 28 clinical isolates resistant to carbapenems, obtained from different hospitals
in Serbia. Genomic DNA was isolated from both phages, sequenced and genomes were analysed in detail.
PSJM phage was analysed using electron microscopy for morphology assessment.
RESULTS
PSJM genome analysis revealed more than 97% identity with lytic phage “Delta”, isolated 13 years ago from
Danube around Novi Sad, Serbia. Morphological assessment placed it inside the Podoviridae family. It produced
small plaques on more than 90% of the strains, surrounded with large halos in portion of strains, indicating
depolymerase production. Phage PLST is also characterized by wide host range, lysing 78% of analysed strains,
while its genome analysis showed high (92%) identity to lytic phage “PA26” that belongs to Myoviridae family.
Characterization of parameters of lytic cycles, as well as bactericidal kinetics is in progress.ELECTRONIC ABSTRACT BOOK: FEMS Conference on Microbiology in association with Serbian Society of Microbiology 30 June - 2 July 2022; Serbi
Rendering Bio-inert Low-Density Polyethylene Amenable for Biodegradation via Fast High Throughput Reactive Extrusion Assisted Oxidation
Get PDFAn energy-efficient high throughput pre-treatment of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) using a fast, reactive extrusion (REX) assisted oxidation technique followed by bacterial attachment as an indicator for bio-amenability was studied. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) was selected as a model oxidizing and catalytic reagent with the REX process demonstrated to be effective both in the presence and absence of the catalyst. Optimized 5-min duration pre-treatment conditions were determined using Box-Behnken design (BBD) with respect to screws speed, operating temperature, and concentration of SiO2. The crystallinity index, carbonyl index and weight loss (%) of LDPE were used as the studied responses for BDD. FTIR and DSC spectra of the residual LDPE obtained after pre-treatment with the REX assisted oxidation technique showed a significant increase in residual LDPE carbonyl index from 0 to 1.04 and a decrease of LDPE crystallinity index from 29 to 18%. Up to fivefold molecular weight reductions were also demonstrated using gel permeation chromatography. Optimum LDPE pre-treatment with a duration of 5 min was obtained at low screw speed (50 rpm), operating temperature of 380-390 degrees C and variable concentration of SiO2 (0 and 2% (w/w)) indicating that effective pre-treatment can occur under noncatalytic and catalysed conditions. Biofilms were successfully formed on pre-treated LDPE samples after 14 days of incubation. Furthermore, the technique proposed in this study is expected to provide a high throughput approach for pre-treatment of pervasive recalcitrant PE-based plastics to reduce their bio inertness.Related to published version:[https://imagine.imgge.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1575]Peer-reviewed manuscript: Ferrero, P., Attallah, O. A., Valera, M. Á., Aleksic, I., Azeem, M., Nikodinovic-Runic, J., & Fournet, M. B. (2022). Rendering Bio-inert Low-Density Polyethylene Amenable for Biodegradation via Fast High Throughput Reactive Extrusion Assisted Oxidation. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 30(7), 2837–2846.[https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-022-02400-w
50th Anniversary of the molecular biology and physiology study program
Get PDFDavne 1972. godine na tadašnjem Odseku za biološke nauke Prirodno-matematičkog fakulteta Univerziteta
u Beogradu osnovana je nova studijska grupa – Molekularna biologija i fiziologija, čiji pedesetogodišnji
jubilej slavimo 2022. godine. Osnivač ovog studijskog programa bio je akademik Dušan Kanazir,
osnivač i tadašnji šef Katedre za biohemiju koja je osnivanjem novog studijskog programa preimenovana
u Katedru za biohemiju i molekularnu biologiju. Akademik Kanazir bio je vizionar i dobar poznavalac naučnih
prilika na velikim i značajanim univerzitetima u svetu. Prateći vrlo brzi razvoj molekularne biologije kao nove
naučne discipline koja doživljava procvat 1953. godine čuvenim otkrićem dvolančane zavojnice DNK kao nosioca
genetičkih informacija i njihovog prenosioca kroz generacije, profesor Kanazir uočio je potrebu da se
i na našem univerzitetu osavremeni nastava biologije i obogati najnovijim naučnim dostignućima koja su
ukazivala da će se istraživanja u biologiji sve više orijentisati ka subćelijskom i molekularnom nivou proučavanja
bioloških procesa. Kao izuzetno progresivan, kreativan i posvećen profesor, akademik Kanazir se svesrdno
založio za modernizaciju biološke nastave na našem fakultetu, koja je podrazumevala reforme
nastavnog programa biologije kao i organizacije nastavnog procesa. Tokom transformacije Odseka za biološke
nauke Prirodno-matematičkog fakulteta, koja se odigrala 1972. i 1973. godine, došlo je, na inicijativu
profesora Dušana Kanazira, i do transformacije Fiziološkog zavoda. Uz podršku profesora Vojislava
Petrovića, tadašnjeg dekana Prirodno-matematičkog fakulteta, profesora Radoslava Anđusa, tadašnjeg
upravnika Fiziološkog zavoda, profesora Zvonka Damjanovića i profesorke Mire Pašić, formirana je studijska
grupa Molekularna biologija i fiziologija, u vreme kada je svega nekoliko univerziteta u Evropi imalo takve
studije
Effect of dehydroepiandrosterone on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
Get PDFMoždana ishemija/reperfuzija (I/R), redukovan i ponovno uspostavljen protok krvi kroz mozak,
predstavlja karakteristiku cerebro-vaskularnih oboljenja kao što su moždani udar i tranzitorni ishemijski
atak. Izučavanje I/R na životinjskim modelima značajno je za razumevanje same patogeneze i
potencijalnih terapeutika među kojima je svoje mesto našao i neurosteroid dehidroepiandrosteron
(DHEA). DHEA može ostvarivati svoje neurobiološko dejstvo direktno vezivanjem za različite receptore
ili indirektno putem metabolita ili intermedijera metabolickog puta. Mnogobrojne studije su pokazale
njegov neuroprotektivan učinak u različitim patologijama centralnog nervnog sistema među kojima
je svoje mesto zauzela i moždana I/R. U ovom radu osvrnućemo se na direktno delovanje DHEA u
tretmanu ishemičnih stanja pružajući uvid u različite efekte koji su do sada pokazani u životinjskim
modelima I/R kao i potencijalni značaj u modernoj medicini.Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), reduced and re-established blood flow through the brain,
represents characteristic of cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke and transient ischemic attack. I/R
animal models enable understanding the pathogenesis itself as well as potential therapeutics, among
which the neurosteroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has found its place. DHEA can exert its neurobiological
action directly by binding to various receptors or indirectly through metabolites or metabolic
pathway intermediates. Numerous studies have shown its neuroprotective effect in various
pathologies of the central nervous system, among which the cerebral I/R has taken its place. In this
paper, we will focus on the direct actions of DHEA in the treatment of ischemic conditions, providing
insight into the various effects shown so far in animal I/R models as well as potential significance in
modern medicine
Ramonda serbica de novo transcriptome database related to the article: Pantelic, A.; Stevanović, S.; Milic-Komic, S.; Kilibarda, N.; Vidovic, M. Characterization and expression analysis of the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins family in hydrated and desiccated Ramonda serbica Panc. leaves
No full textRamonda serbica de novo transcriptome databas
Inflammatory modulation of the response of bronchial epithelial cells to lipopolysaccharide with pretreatment by montelukast
Get PDFMontelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, is the most prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used as an add-on therapy for asthma. Besides its effect on blocking leukotriene action, montelukast has been proposed to have secondary anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effect of montelukast on the expression of major genes involved in airway inflammation (TNF, IL6) and remodeling (MMP9, TGFB1) in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. The expression of selected genes was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 0h and 24h after LPS stimulation in cells pretreated with montelukast. Montelukast was found to significantly attenuate increased TNF and IL6 gene expression, to have a mild effect on MMP9 and have no effect on TGFB1 expression upon stimulation with LPS. The results of our study indicate that patients on montelukast therapy would have an adequate response to acute microorganism-induced inflammation, so additional anti-inflammatory effects of montelukast should be better exploited
Forest Genetics Research in the Mediterranean Basin: Bibliometric Analysis, Knowledge Gaps, and Perspectives (vol 8, pg 277, 2022)
Get PDFMyeloid-derived suppressor cells prevent disruption of the gut barrier, preserve microbiota composition, and potentiate immunoregulatory pathways in a rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Get PDFOver-activated myeloid cells and disturbance in gut microbiota composition are critical factors contributing to the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) emerged as promising regulators of chronic inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune diseases. However, it remained unclear whether MDSCs display any therapeutic potential in MS, and how this therapy modulates gut microbiota composition. Here, we assessed the potential of in vitro generated bone marrow-derived MDSCs to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Dark Agouti rats and investigated how their application associates with the changes in gut microbiota composition. MDSCs differentiated with prostaglandin (PG)E2 (MDSC-PGE2) and control MDSCs (differentiated without PGE2) displayed strong immunosuppressive properties in vitro, but only MDSC-PGE2 significantly ameliorated EAE symptoms. This effect correlated with a reduced infiltration of Th17 and IFN-gamma-producing NK cells, and an increased proportion of regulatory T cells in the CNS and spleen. Importantly, both MDSCs and MDSC-PGE2 prevented EAE-induced reduction of gut microbiota diversity, but only MDSC-PGE2 prevented the extensive alterations in gut microbiota composition following their early migration into Payer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes. This phenomenon was related to the significant enrichment of gut microbial taxa with potential immunoregulatory properties, as well as higher levels of butyrate, propionate, and putrescine in feces. This study provides new insights into the host-microbiota interactions in EAE, suggesting that activated MDSCs could be potentially used as an efficient therapy for acute phases of MS. Considering a significant association between the efficacy of MDSC-PGE2 and gut microbiota composition, our findings also provide a rationale for further exploring the specific microbial metabolites in MS therapy
Consumption of walnuts suppresses the conversion of palmitic to palmitoleic acid and enhances omega-3 fatty acid metabolism in the heart of fructose-fed rats
No full textWalnut consumption mostly has a positive implication for cardiovascular health. Walnut diet effects on the cardiac fatty acid (FA) metabolism of healthy rats and those with fructose diet-induced metabolic burden were analysed. Both walnuts and fructose increased CD36 transporter level and the nuclear content of some/all of Lipin 1/PPARα/PGC-1 complex partners, as well as cytosolic and nuclear FOXO1. However, fructose, independently of walnuts, increased the content of palmitic (PA), oleic, and vaccenic acid (VA), while in walnut-fed rats failed to increase palmitoleic acid (POA) level and the POA/PA ratio, as well as total MUFA content. In opposite, walnuts reduced the level of PA and VA and increased alpha-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acid level, regardless of fructose. In conclusion, both fructose and walnuts stimulated the uptake and oxidation of FA in the heart, but the walnuts, opposite to fructose, favourably altered cardiac FA profile in healthy and metabolically compromised rats