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Set of Bronze Jewellery from the site of Velika Humska Čuka Near Niš, SE Serbia : A contribution to the study of interactions between Bronze Age communities of Central Europe and the Central Balkans
Get PDFThe paper presents an extraordinary new find from the site of Velika Humska Čuka near Niš, in Southeastern Serbia. During the 2022 excavation campaign, a set of bronze jewellery was discovered, comprised of a pin, a band, ten salteleons, and ten circular pendants. Of particular importance are finds of circular pendants, which are known throughout the Bronze Age in the territory of Europe. Such pendants are traditionally connected with Central Europe and the Hügelgräber culture, therefore representing an uncommon find for the Central Balkans. The paper provides a stylistic and typological analysis of jewellery, complemented with physical and chemical analyses, and further discusses the scope and effects of interactions between Central Europe and Central Balkans during the Bronze Age
Local or imported: EDXRF spectometry comparison of pottery and local clay samples from Velika Humska Čuka (central Balkans)
Get PDFThe site of Velika Humska Čuka, represents one of the most important multilayered prehistoric settlements in the Balkans, with a continuous inhabitance for almost six millennia. The site is located on one of the main communications hubs of Southeastern Europe, with natural roads spreading towards the north, east, and south. The excavations at 605 the site have been conducted for almost a century, continuously yielding new finds and features from between the Eneolithic and the Late Bronze Age
Roads and rivers 2 : Life Along Communicarions From Times to the Middle Ages
No full textThe research presented in the book was carried out within and was partly financed by the project of the Croatian
Science Foundation, LRR - Life on the Roman road: communications, trade and identities on Roman roads in Croatia
from 1st – 8th CE (UIP-05-2017-9768). The project aimed to explore various aspects of Roman life brought by the
construction of the roads. It is often said that roads in Roman times were the arteries of the Empire itself. They
connected provinces and cities; without them, the Romans could not have conquered and held onto the territories
they ruled. They were means of moving military officials and civilians and transporting goods. Roman roads gave
excellent links for organizing life and establishing various settlements in periods after the collapse of the Empire.
The engineering and surveying skills of the Romans provided the basis for many of today’s routes. Life on some
Roman roads continued after the fall of the Empire and has not stopped until today. The project’s main objective
is an interpretation of everyday life on the Roman road from the beginning of Roman rule to the period of decline,
acculturation and integration of new identities. This project tried to explore a chance for a fresh perspective: how
does life develop around Roman roads and a path during the primary usage of the roads and after it’s over?
With an interdisciplinary approach to archaeological research and analysis of small archaeological materials, the
project tried to present how life on the Roman road was organized. Activities on the project utilize landscape
surveys and studies of material assemblages to track the development and decline of the Roman way of life. The
broad perspective of the project by the end of the research offers a starting point/foundation for a significant
number of future comparisons, analyses and projects. During the Life on the Roman Road project, Roman roads are
studied as the essential artery of the Roman world but also as a metaphor for introducing, accepting and living the
Roman way of life. After the decline of the Roman world, Roman roads represent the metaphors of heritage and
tradition of what was once a vast Empire.
The publication in front of us consists of thirteen papers dedicated to the regions of Roman provinces Dalmatia,
Pannonia and Upper Moesia. Contributors to the publication gave their brand new data about research on selected
study areas.
The first five articles are dedicated to the Roman province of Dalmatia. Šibenik’s Donje Polje (review article) by
Toni Brajković, Andrija Nakić and Željko Krnčević and Discovering Roman Roads of the Trilj Area (preliminary
communication) by a group of authors Domagoj Bužanić, Jelena Bužanić, Blaž Glavinić, Karla Ivak, Marko Jukić, Lucija
Prusac, Domagoj Tončinić and Ivan Vidović present a new data collected by a field survey of road sections. A Fort on
the Road (review article) by Andrej Janeš and Nikolina Vrančić brings us a report about the fort situated on the coast
in present-day Novi Vinodolski; fort Lopar represents a rare example of an early 4th-century AD fortification in the
north Adriatic. Ana Konestra, Fabian Welc and Paula Androić Gračanin present (original scientific paper) An Island
of Connectedness. Intra-Insular and Inter-Regional Communications of Rab Island (North-East Adriatic, Kvarner gulf) bring us
essential insight into insular communications. The Roadside station at Žuta Lokva (preliminary communication) by
the editor of the publication and PI of the project, Ivana Ožanić Roguljić, presents the analogies of the only fully
excavated roadside station in Croatia.
The following five articles are dedicated to Roman Pannonia. Petrijanec - Aqua Viva (preliminary communication) by
Lovorka Štimac Dedić provides information about this important Roman settlement. A brand new approach to
studying roads that in ethnological records are called “Roman Roads” is seen in the article The Unknown about the
Known; The Možđenec – Sudovec Roman Road (preliminary communication) by Jere Drpić. In the article by Andrej
Janeš, Marina Matković Vrban and Ivana Hirschler Marić New Data, Old Town: The Case of Aquae Balissae (preliminary
communication), we see an excellent introduction to the problems regarding the research of urban archaeology.
The road from Mursa to the north - segments of the road on remote sensing data (preliminary communication), by Mislav
Fileš and Miroslav Vuković uses remote sensing methodology to enhance the knowledge about known parts of
the road. The results of the research performed in the Lower Pannonian part of the Danube Limes are presented in
the article On the Road from Ad Herculem to Rittium (original scientific paper) by a group of authors Biljana Lučić,
Alessandro De Rosa, Sara Zanni, Gorana Lamajić, Sonja Štefanski-Zorić, Radoslav Muždeka and Uroš Nikolić.
Upper Moesia is presented by Nemanja Mrđić and Angelina Raičković Savić with the article Lifeline of the Frontier: The
Road and Port Network and the Concept of Supply and Distribution in Moesia Superior (original scientific paper).
Introduction
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This project also tried to explore a chance for a new perspective: how does life develop around Roman roads
during the primary usage of the roads and after this phase is over? Part of this research question is answered in the
articles Signposts of Settlement: Roman Communications and Avar-Age Sites in Continental Croatia: Overlap Pattern Analysis
(original scientific paper) by Lorena Jurakić and Pia Šmalcelj Novaković and Small Items, Big Results (professional
paper) by Anita Rapan Papeša.
This publication has gone “public” and each article has been “blind” reviewed. So the editors would like to express
their gratitude to all the reviewers (Martin Auer, Vladimir Petrović and Iva Kaić) and the scientific board (Maja
Petrinec, Bartul Šiljeg and Pia Šmalcelj Novaković). Without their help, we would not have been able to complete
the publication. Then we would like to thank all the authors, as they accepted the challenges we set as project goals
and helped us meet them. Special thanks go to Pia Šmalcelj Novaković and Mislav Fileš, who took the time to help
us proofread and edit the publication
Програм, извештаји и апстракти. Српско археолошко друштво, XLVI Скупштина и Годишњи скуп Сомбор, 25-27. мај 2023. године
Get PDFОве године се навршава 140 година од када је, давне 1883. године основано Српско археолошко друштво. Иако ту годишњицу не обележавамо организовањем посебних прослава већ радно, сматрамо да ју је вредно поменути. У протеклој деценији Друштво је консолидовало свој рад, увећало чланство и, чини се, упловило у период стабилног рада. Са друге стране, време у коме живимо и радимо пред нашу струку последњих година поставља све учесталије и комплексније изазове. Пред нама, свим члановима Друштва, је задатак да се са тим изазовима успешно изборимо, у нади да ће већ до следећег јубилеја многи од њих бити превазиђени. Надам се да ћемо и у наредном периоду сви заједно наставити ка заједничком оснаживање не само Српског археолошког друштва, већ и археологије као струке. Користим прилику да се на организацији LXVI годишњег скупа Српског археолошког друштва захвалимо нашим домаћинима из Градског музеја Сомбор, институције која ове године такође обележава 140 година рада, као и Министарству културе Републике Србије које је финансијски подржало одржавање скупа.
Адам Н. Црнобрња
Председник Српског археолошког друштв
Introduction: Petar Popović and South-Eastern European Archaeology
Get PDFIt is a rare occasion that one researcher’s career in archaeology including published results, extensive fieldwork and professional contacts, can inspire a volume with such vast, diachronic and diverse topics as is the case here. Namely, the bibliography of Petar Popović (see Bibliography of Petar Popović in this volume) contains numerous papers, chapters, and books focused on numismatics; (e.g., Popović 1983; Поповић 1987; Borić-Brešković, Popović 2006), ancient Celts and Scordisci, their cultures, migrations and contacts (e.g., Jovanović, Popović 1991; Popović 1992a; 1992b; 1992c; 1993; 1994; 1996a), the Balkan Bronze and Iron Ages (e.g., Vukmanović, Popović 1982; Popović, Vukmanović 1992; Popović 1996b), Kale–Krševica (e.g., Popović 2006; 2012), etc. These publications reveal his main scholarly interests in social, cultural, and economic aspects of the interrelations between the Paleo-Balkan communities and the Greek and Roman worlds. Beginning in the 1960s, Popović participated in numerous local and multinational excavation projects targeting some of the most prominent archaeological sites in Serbia and former Yugoslavia (e.g., Padina, Gomolava, Vinča, Bosut, Kadića Brdo, Faros, Issa). As a result, along with abundant friendships, fruitful discussions, and international contacts, he also became an indispensable participant in most regional archaeological interpretative endeavours focusing on problems beyond the Iron Age and numismatics. Having all this in mind, the three editors along with all of the authors, who are Petar’s friends and colleagues, have happily decided to publish this volume as a birthday present to him. Our scholarly goal is to provide space for some new answers to the archaeological questions Petar Popović is interested in. Since his interests remain vast and focused on still very current topics, connecting the two is not a difficult task
Обрасци насељавања у Моравско-вардарској долини од XIV до VI века пре нове ере : докторска дисертација
Get PDFРад проучава насеобинске остатаке у Моравско-вардарском сливу од ушћа Раванице до Прешевске повије, од XIV до VI века пре нове ере. Временски оквир рада подразумева етапу која је подељена у три периода, обележена као позно бронзано, рано гвоздено и развијено гвоздено доба. Рад је фокусиран на испитивање просторних односа између насеља и њихове природно-географске средине у контексту анализирања насеобинских трендова и економских стратегија популација из испитиваног времена и простора. Студија је узела у обзир материјалне остатке и технолошке могућности анализираних заједница, топографске и природно-географске одлике терена, економске потенцијале, привредне и насеобинске праксе становништва из етноисторијске прошлости, као и палеоеколошке податке из средње и југоисточне Европе.
Узорaк је обухватио 201 налазиште, обрађена кроз три основна типа насеобина, издвојена према просторно-функционалним одликама на 36 градине, 4 пећинска налазишта и 161 отворено насеље. Осим тога у раду су кроз посебну анализу сагледани остаци још 8 некропола са оближњим истодобним насељем. сепаратно сагледана и продискутована, док је њихово окружење за потребе рада подељено на четири нивоа са различитом дистанцом обухвата.
Истраживања су настојала да се кроз анализе насеобина и њиховог природног окружења дођу до сазнања о трендовима насељавања и основним економским афирмацијама заједница у издвојеним периодима. У ту сврху су анализирани односи насеља са топографиским, геоморфолошким и хидрографским елементима, као и са педолошким, саобраћајним и минеаролошким потенцијалима из насеобинског окружења. На тај начин стечен је увид у основне стратегије насељавања и коришћења природно-географске средине. Коначни циљ истраживања подразумевао је утврђивање пакета промена између проучаваних периода кроз контекст населбинских, економских и друштвених трансформација.
На градинама и отвореним насељима константоване су разлике у обрасцима насељавања, које су се одразиле на промене у друштвено-економским праксама. током сва три анализирана периода. Узорак пећинских налазишта није био довољно подесан за праћење наведених промена али је сугерисао различите могућности њиховог коришћења пре свега у нестамбене сврхе. Интерпретација евидентираних промена се уклапа у глобалне климатске, економске, технолошке и миграционе трендове који су захватили већи део Европе, оставивши значајан траг на етнокултурни пејзаж, обрасце насељавања, пољопривреду, трговину и технологију. Као главни иницијатор пакета промена истакнуто је климатско погоршање у виду изражене аридности током раног гвозденог доба, које је нужно утицало на раскид са привредно-друштвеним системом из претходног периода. Насеља из развијеног гвозденог доба, показују тежњу за рехабилитацијом старих образаца из бронзаног доба, што је протумачено као продукт климатске оптимализације. Стога је закључено да су еколошке промене имале најизраженији ефекат на насеобинске трендове и економске стратегије, повлачећи за собом ланчану реакцију која је изазвала низ културних, друштвених и технолошких реакција.This paper examines settlement remains in the Morava-Vardar basin from the mouth of the Ravanica River to the Preševo watershed, spanning from the 14th to the 6th century BCE. The temporal framework of the study encompasses three periods: Late Bronze Age, Early Iron Age, and Developed Iron Age. The focus of the research is on investigating the spatial relationships between settlements and their natural-geographical environment in the context of analyzing settlement trends and economic strategies of populations in the studied time and space. The study takes into account the material remains and technological capabilities of the analyzed communities, topographic and natural-geographical features of the terrain, economic potentials, economic and settlement practices of the population from their ethnohistorical past, as well as paleoecological data from Central and Southeastern Europe.
The sample included 201 sites, processed through three basic types of settlements, separated according to spatial and functional characteristics into 36 hillforts, 4 cave sites and 161 open settlements. In addition, through a special analysis, the remains of another 8 necropolises with a nearby contemporaneous settlement were examined in the paper. viewed and discussed separately, while their environment for work purposes is divided into four levels with different coverage distances.
Through the analysis of the settlements and their natural environment, the research sought to find out about settlement trends and the basic economic affirmations of the communities in separate periods. For this purpose, the relationships of settlements with topographic, geomorphological and hydrographic elements, as well as with pedological, traffic and mineralogical potentials from the settlement environment were analyzed. In this way, an insight into the basic strategies of settlement and use of the natural-geographical environment was gained. The final goal of the research involved determining the package of changes between the studied periods through the context of settlement, economic and social transformations.
Differences in settlement patterns were constant in hillforts and open settlements, which were reflected in changes in socio-economic practices. during all three analyzed periods. The sample of cave sites was not suitable enough to monitor the above changes, but it suggested different possibilities of their use, primarily for non-residential purposes. The interpretation of the recorded changes fits into the global climatic, economic, technological and migration trends that have affected most of Europe, leaving a significant mark on the ethno-cultural landscape, settlement patterns, agriculture, trade and technology. As the main initiator of the package of changes, climatic deterioration in the form of marked aridity during the early Iron Age was highlighted, which necessarily affected the break with the economic and social system from the previous period. Settlements from the developed Iron Age show a desire to rehabilitate old patterns from the Bronze Age, which has been interpreted as a product of climatic optimization. It was therefore concluded that environmental changes had the most pronounced effect on settlement trends and economic strategies, triggering a chain reaction that caused a series of cultural, social and technological reactions
Marble Statue of Hercules from the territory of Bassianae
Get PDFIn the year of 2017, the National Museum of Serbia bought a marble statue of
Hercules, found near Ruma, in Srem, at the tripoint of the villages of Budanovci, Dobrinci and Sibac. In the Roman period, this area belonged to the wider city territory of an important centre – Bassianae. The statue is preserved up to the knees, while the lower parts of the statue’s legs are missing. It can be presumed, on the basis of the preserved attributes, that the statue represents the eleventh Labour of the hero-god Hercules, since he is shown with apples from the Garden of the Hesperides. This particular Labour hasn’t been frequently depicted in Roman sculptural repertoire and the statue from Bassianae represents a unique complete figural composition in the territory of the Roman provinces in today’s Serbia so-far
Triticum timopheevii s.l. (‘new glume wheat’) finds in regions of southern and eastern Europe across space and time
Get PDFTriticum timopheevii sensu lato (‘new glume wheat’, NGW) was first recognised as a distinct prehistoric cereal crop through work on archaeobotanical finds from Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in northern Greece. This was later followed by its identification in archaeobotanical assemblages from other parts of Europe. This paper provides an overview of the currently known archaeobotanical finds of Timopheev’s wheat in southeastern and eastern Europe and observes their temporal span and spatial distribution. To date, there are 89 prehistoric sites with these finds, located in different parts of the study region and dated from the Neolithic to the very late Iron Age. Their latest recorded presence in the region is in the last centuries BCE. For assemblages from the site as a whole containing at least 30 grain and/or chaff remains of Timopheev’s wheat, we take a brief look at the overall relative proportions of Triticum monococcum (einkorn), T. dicoccum (emmer) and T. timopheevii s.l. (Timopheev’s wheat), the three most common glume wheats in our study region in prehistory. We highlight several sites where the overall proportions of Timopheev’s wheat might be taken to suggest it was a minor component of a mixed crop (maslin), or an unmonitored inclusion in einkorn or emmer fields. At the same sites, however, there are also discrete contexts where this wheat is strongly predominant, pointing to its cultivation as a pure crop. We therefore emphasise the need to evaluate the relative representation of Timopheev’s wheat at the level of individual samples or contexts before making inferences on its cultivation status. We also encourage re-examination of prehistoric and historic cereal assemblages for its remains
Destination Viminacium – Where to deliver goods at the Roman frontier
Get PDFBeing on the frontier and on the Danube, major river communication, Viminacium become from the first century destination for both local and imported goods. Financial potential of the legionaries with high salaries was extraordinary magnet for traders. Cosmopolitan character of the city as well as the process of Romanization are also visible through consumption and demand of specific or characteristic products. Ultimately Viminacium become the largest city, production center and the capital of the province Moesia Superior.
Amphoras as the most distinctive production segment for decades are found throughout the site in different contexts with a wide chronological span from the 1st until the end of 6th century AD. We will present distribution and origins as well the analysis of quantities estimated to be delivered and later found in the urban, suburban, funeral, and military contexts.
Following amphoras led us to mapping both spatial and chronological relations. Special attention is devoted to tastes and food preferences of the population. We will examine personal connections and origins with modern trends of the period to establish changes in traditions, Romanization or military campaigns influences. Secondary use of the amphoras was also discussed. Changes in trade trends are also visible and interpreted and influences on this changes analazyed
The Traditional Model in the Early Christian Context: the Jonah Sarcophagus from Singidunum
Get PDFThe Jonah sarcophagus from Singidunum belongs to a group of Budakalász
travertine sarcophagi. These types of sarcophagi were produced in Budakalász quarry(
ies) and in Aquincum workshops and then exported via the Danube, before being
finished in local workshops. This paper uses the Jonah sarcophagus as a case study to
examine the integration of traditional tombstones into Early Christian cultural and social
contexts