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Kant's Legacy: Exploring Borders, Races, and Gender in His Philosophy
Get PDFImmanuel Kant's philosophy, celebrated for its universalist ethics, harbors a shocking paradox: his groundbreaking ideas on autonomy and cosmopolitanism coexist with deeply Eurocentric, racist, and patriarchal views. This tension raises urgent questions about the applicability of Kantian principles in contemporary debates on borders, race, and gender. This study critically examines Kant's legacy, interrogating how his moral and political frameworks, while foundational, reinforce hierarchies that marginalize non-Europeans, women, and migrants. The research objectives are threefold: (1) to analyze Kant's contradictions between universalism and exclusionary practices, (2) to assess the implications of his racial and gendered hierarchies for modern social justice movements, and (3) to explore pathways for reclaiming Kantian ethics inclusively. Using a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed works (1990–2024), the study synthesizes critiques from critical race theory, feminist philosophy, and postcolonial studies. Key findings reveal that Kant's racial theories justified colonial oppression, his gender binaries perpetuated patriarchal norms, and his cosmopolitanism neglected border violence. However, his emphasis on human dignity offers a redeemable framework for rethinking global justice. The study contributes by bridging Kantian scholarship with intersectional critiques, proposing a revised ethics that confronts historical biases while retaining universalist aspirations. By exposing these contradictions, the paper urges philosophers to reckon with Kant's legacy—not to discard it, but to transform it into a tool for equity
Public participation and multi-way communication in virtual space: Building deliberative democracy in the era of communicative plenty
Get PDFPurpose - This study examines the phenomenon of Lapor Hendi in Semarang city as a communication channel to enhance public participation in the era of internet-based communication to address two key questions: how does citizen participation in virtual spaces through Lapor Hendi contribute to public policy-making and improving public service quality in Semarang City? How does this experience of participation impact deliberative communication and democracy in virtual spaces within Semarang City?
Method - To explore these questions, this study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach that prioritises data collection through in-depth interviews, documentation, and analysis of netizens’ communication texts on social media connected to the Lapor Hendi website.
Result - The results showed that the experience of citizen participation with multi-way communication in expressing aspirations and shaping public discourse through Lapor Hendi has successfully introduced public deliberation into the policymaking processes concerning urban spatial development, public goods governance, and public services.
Implication - Qualitative study of the Lapor Hendi initiative in Semarang City offers significant insights into how deliberative democracy can be cultivated and developed in virtual spaces within the local Indonesian context.
Originality/Value - This study provides an alternative theory to procedural democracy, which is increasingly experiencing a legitimacy crisis and decline, by developing a communication channel in virtual space for building citizen engagement and democratic policies.
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Tujuan - Studi ini mengkaji fenomena Lapor Hendi di Kota Semarang sebagai saluran komunikasi untuk meningkatkan partisipasi publik di era komunikasi berbasis internet guna menjawab dua pertanyaan kunci: bagaimana partisipasi warga dalam ruang virtual melalui Lapor Hendi berkontribusi pada pembentukan kebijakan publik dan peningkatan kualitas layanan publik di Kota Semarang? Bagaimana pengalaman partisipasi ini mempengaruhi komunikasi deliberatif dan demokrasi dalam ruang virtual di Kota Semarang?
Metode - Untuk menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan ini, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis yang memprioritaskan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan analisis teks komunikasi netizen di media sosial yang terhubung dengan situs web Lapor Hendi.
Hasil - Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengalaman partisipasi warga dengan komunikasi dua arah dalam mengemukakan aspirasi dan membentuk diskursus publik melalui Lapor Hendi telah berhasil memperkenalkan deliberasi publik ke dalam proses pembentukan kebijakan terkait pengembangan ruang kota, tata kelola barang publik, dan layanan publik.
Implikasi - Studi kualitatif tentang inisiatif Lapor Hendi di Kota Semarang memberikan wawasan signifikan tentang bagaimana demokrasi deliberatif dapat dikembangkan dan ditumbuhkan di ruang virtual dalam konteks lokal Indonesia.
Orisinalitas/Nilai - Studi ini menawarkan teori alternatif terhadap demokrasi prosedural, yang semakin mengalami krisis legitimasi dan penurunan, dengan mengembangkan saluran komunikasi di ruang virtual untuk membangun keterlibatan warga dan kebijakan demokratis.
Cross-cultural da’wah: Internalization of hadith in the oral traditions of Urang Sunda
Get PDFPurpose – This study aims to comprehensively examine how Sundanese idioms and oral traditions effectively transmit Islamic values derived from hadith within the context of cross-cultural da'wah
Method – This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, specifically utilizing content analysis and thematic analysis techniques to examine the intersection of Sundanese cultural idioms and Islamic hadith in da'wah practices.
Result – The Sundanese oral tradition in the form of proverbs is a form of local intelligence in understanding hadith as a source of Islamic teachings, which functions as a cross-cultural communicative competence to avoid misunderstandings due to differences in expectations, worldviews, and values. Cross-cultural da'wah emphasises the universality of Islam that transcends geographical and socio-cultural boundaries, leveraging universal human similarities and the dynamics of cultural change to convey Islamic messages to diverse community groups effectively.
Implication – The transformation of Arabic hadith into Sundanese proverbs shows that Islamic preaching can succeed when religious messages are communicated through local cultural forms familiar to the local community, without changing the essence of the teachings. The cross-cultural approach to da'wah through local oral traditions proves that Islam has a universal nature that can adapt to various socio-cultural contexts, thereby facilitating the acceptance and practice of Islamic teachings in the daily lives of the Sundanese people.
Originality/Value – This study addresses a critical gap in existing literature by providing the first comprehensive analysis of the direct relationship between Sundanese idioms and hadith within the specific context of da'wah, offering a novel holistic approach that considers deeply rooted local cultural factors in Sundanese society.
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Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk secara komprehensif mengkaji bagaimana idiom-idiom Sunda dan tradisi lisan secara efektif menyampaikan nilai-nilai Islam yang berasal dari hadis dalam konteks da'wah lintas budaya.
Metode – Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, khususnya dengan teknik analisis konten dan analisis tematik untuk mengkaji perpaduan antara idiom-idiom budaya Sunda dan hadis Islam dalam praktik da'wah.
Hasil – Tradisi lisan Sunda dalam bentuk peribahasa merupakan bentuk kecerdasan lokal dalam memahami hadis sebagai sumber ajaran Islam, yang berfungsi sebagai kompetensi komunikatif lintas budaya untuk menghindari kesalahpahaman akibat perbedaan ekspektasi, pandangan dunia, dan nilai-nilai. Da'wah lintas budaya menekankan universalitas Islam yang melampaui batas geografis dan sosio-budaya, memanfaatkan kesamaan manusia universal dan dinamika perubahan budaya untuk menyampaikan pesan-pesan Islam secara efektif kepada kelompok masyarakat yang beragam.
Implikasi – Transformasi hadis Arab menjadi peribahasa Sunda menunjukkan bahwa dakwah Islam dapat berhasil ketika pesan-pesan agama disampaikan melalui bentuk-bentuk budaya lokal yang familiar bagi komunitas setempat, tanpa mengubah esensi ajaran tersebut. Pendekatan lintas budaya dalam dakwah melalui tradisi lisan lokal membuktikan bahwa Islam memiliki sifat universal yang dapat beradaptasi dengan berbagai konteks sosio-budaya, sehingga memudahkan penerimaan dan penerapan ajaran Islam dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat Sunda.
Orisinalitas/Nilai – Studi ini mengatasi celah kritis dalam literatur yang ada dengan menyediakan analisis komprehensif pertama tentang hubungan langsung antara peribahasa Sunda dan hadis dalam konteks khusus dakwah, menawarkan pendekatan holistik baru yang mempertimbangkan faktor budaya lokal yang mendalam dalam masyarakat Sunda
Toward Sustainable Islamic Banking: The Role of FinTech, Knowledge Management, Green Banking, and Sharia Compliance
Get PDFIslamic banking is facing increasing pressure to adopt sustainable business practices while maintaining compliance with sharia principles. In this context, Financial Technology (Fintech), Knowledge Management, Green Banking, and Sharia Compliance have emerged as critical factors influencing sustainability. This research aims to examine sustainable business models in Islamic banking in Central Java by analyzing the interrelations among these factors. A quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was applied to data from 515 sharia bank employees. The findings indicate that Fintech significantly influences Green Banking, Knowledge Management, and business sustainability, but does not directly affect Sharia Compliance. Green Banking significantly impacts both Sharia Compliance and business sustainability, while Sharia Compliance mediates the relationship between Green Banking and sustainability. These results highlight the need for deeper integration between Fintech and Islamic principles. Islamic banks are encouraged to develop strategies that synergize technological innovation, environmental responsibility, and religious compliance to achieve long-term, sustainable growth
The Nexus between The Islamic Human Development Index (I-HDI), Unemployment, and Population Growth in Influencing Poverty
Get PDFThis research investigates the relationship between the Islamic Human Development Index (I-HDI), Unemployment, Population Growth, and their impact on Poverty in G20 countries from 2010 to 2021. A purposive sampling method was used to select eight countries: the United States, Indonesia, the United Kingdom, Italy, Germany, Canada, France, and Turkey. The I-HDI was calculated using five Maqasid Shariah indicators. Unemployment was measured by the national unemployment rate, and Population Growth was represented by the annual population growth rate. A total of 384 panel data points were analyzed using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) regression technique. The findings reveal a robust negative relationship between I-HDI and the Poverty Rate, indicating that improvements in human development are key drivers in alleviating poverty. In contrast, Unemployment shows a significant positive association with the Poverty Rate, meaning that an increase in unemployment leads to a rise in poverty levels. However, Population Growth does not exhibit a significant effect on the Poverty Rate, suggesting that demographic changes alone are not adequate to explain fluctuations in poverty across the G20 countries. These results offer valuable insights for policymakers focused on enhancing human development and addressing unemployment to effectively combat poverty
Capital Structure, Profitability and Corporate Value: The Moderation Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility in Indonesian Sharia Companies
Get PDFThis research explores the interactions among capital structure, profitability, and company value, with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) acting as a moderating factor. This investigation involves Sharia-compliant companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) over the period from 2017 to 2022. Secondary data were collected from the annual reports of these companies. Employing a purposive sampling approach, the study analyzes a sample of 23 companies, yielding a total of 161 observations. To evaluate the data, moderated regression analysis was conducted using WarpPLS. The findings reveal that both capital structure and profitability exert a significant positive effect on company value, whereas CSR demonstrates an insignificant positive effect on company value. Moreover, CSR does not moderate the relationship between profitability and company value; however, CSR significantly moderates the relationship between capital structure and company value. These results highlight the critical role of capital structure and profitability in enhancing company value, particularly in the context of Sharia-compliant businesses, and contribute to both the growing body of literature and valuable insight for the supported stakeholders to optimize company performance
Local Culture and Gender Differences in Educational Participation: A Study in Kwala Besar Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Get PDFLocal culture has an impact on gender participation in education. This research examines how local cultural values affect gender gaps in education participation in Kwala Besar Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. Information was gathered through observations and interviews with different informants (parents, students, teachers and community members). The results show a strong gender gap in attendance at school, with more girls than boys going to school at each level. This disparity reflects community values whereby local boys are encouraged to drop out of school early compared to girls encouraged to attend higher education. It is an unequal system that does not allow for balanced social development; boys are not participating effectively in future economic opportunities as a result of a lack of education, and girls are not placed in significant roles that allow them to contribute to the development of the community. The study demonstrates the strong impact of local cultural values upon the opportunities available to the younger generation, and will be of interest to researchers, policymakers, educators, and development practitioners looking to plan culturally sensitive interventions to advance gender equity in education and community development
The religious study gathering model of Maiyah Cahyo Sumebar as a form of inclusive communication in building religious harmony in Sukoharjo
Get PDFThe religious study gathering (pengajian) of Maiyah Cahyo Sumebar in Sukoharjo represents a model of religious gathering that adopts an inclusive communication approach to promote interreligious harmony within a pluralistic society. Set against a socio-religious backdrop populated by diverse Islamic organizations such as NU, Muhammadiyah, LDII, MTA, alongside non-Muslim communities, this religious forum serves as an open spiritual dialogue space for all segments of society. This study aims to describe the Maiyah Cahyo Sumebar gathering model as a form of inclusive communication in strengthening religious harmony. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that this gathering model accommodates the principles of inclusivity through mutual respect, appreciation, cooperation, and interfaith solidarity. Mutual respect is reflected in the content of the sermons, which avoids triggering sectarian or theological conflicts. Collaboration involves residents, including non-Muslim figures, in organizing committees and event implementation. Social activities, such as charitable donations to the underprivileged, also play a significant role in fostering interfaith solidarity. This model embodies the principle of equality in socio-religious life, echoing the message of QS. Al-Hujurat (49:13), which encourages people to know one another amidst their differences. Therefore, Maiyah Cahyo Sumebar’s study gathering functions not only as a spiritual forum but also as a model of inclusive communication that nurtures interreligious harmony in a multicultural setting like Sukoharjo.
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Pengajian Maiyah Cahyo Sumebar di Sukoharjo merupakan model pengajian yang mengusung pendekatan komunikasi inklusif dalam membangun kerukunan beragama di tengah masyarakat yang majemuk. Dengan latar sosial keagamaan yang dihuni oleh beragam organisasi masyarakat Islam seperti NU, Muhammadiyah, LDII, MTA, serta komunitas non-muslim, pengajian ini tampil sebagai ruang dialog spiritual yang terbuka bagi semua kalangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan model Pengajian Maiyah Cahyo Sumebar sebagai wujud komunikasi inklusif dalam penguatan kerukunan umat beragama. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pengajian ini mengakomodasi prinsip inklusivitas melalui sikap saling menghormati, menghargai, bekerjasama, dan tolong-menolong antarkelompok agama. Sikap saling menghormati tampak dalam materi pengajian yang tidak memicu konflik antarmazhab atau keyakinan. Kerjasama melibatkan warga lokal, termasuk tokoh non-muslim, dalam pembentukan panitia dan penyelenggaraan kegiatan. Kegiatan sosial seperti santunan kepada fakir miskin juga menjadi bagian dari upaya memperkuat solidaritas lintas iman. Model pengajian ini mencerminkan prinsip kesetaraan dalam kehidupan sosial-keagamaan, sebagaimana semangat QS. Al-Hujurat (49:13), yang mendorong manusia untuk saling mengenal dalam perbedaan. Oleh karena itu, Pengajian Maiyah Cahyo Sumebar tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai ruang spiritual, melainkan juga sebagai model komunikasi inklusif dalam merawat kerukunan beragama di wilayah multikultural seperti Sukoharjo
Negotiating the meaning of female genital mutilation and cutting: A symbolic interactionist approach among religious university students
Get PDFThe meanings attributed to Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) are shaped through complex negotiations within religious and socio-cultural frameworks, including those observed in Indonesia. Using a combined qualitative and quantitative (mixed methods)-ethnographic and survey approach, data from 109 students of religious tertiary institutions in East Kalimantan on their perspectives on FGM/C practices can be more comprehensively explored. The results of the study, which were analysed using the three principles of symbolic interactionism, showed that 72.5 per cent of religious college student families still practice FGM/C and 53.2 per cent stated that FGM/C practices are beneficial for women. However, they are also willing, if asked, to help socialise FGM/C prevention with a percentage of 54.1 percent. This research contributes to revealing the constitutive communication owned by religious tertiary students with the emergence of negotiations on the meaning of FGM/C practices originating from the family environment and from the environment where they pursue higher education. Prevention efforts will have a greater impact when the Government collaborates with the parties according to their contribution. This research contributes to bridging the gap between the traditional understanding that lives in the cultural and religious values of the family and the critical perspective in the academic environment through an inclusive dialogue space to create zero tolerance for the practice of FGM/C, not only in East Kalimantan but also in Indonesia.
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Pemaknaan seputar praktik Pemotongan dan Pelukaan Genitalia Perempuan (P2GP) terbentuk melalui negosiasi yang kompleks dalam kerangka keagamaan dan sosio-kultural, termasuk yang terjadi di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan gabungan kualitatif dan kuantitatif (mixed methods), data yang berasal dari 109 mahasiswa perguruan tinggi keagamaan di Kalimantan Timur tentang perspektif mereka terhadap praktik P2GP dapat lebih komprehensif dieksplorasi. Hasil penelitian yang dianalisis menggunakan tiga prinsip interaksionisme simbolik menunjukkan sebanyak 72,5 persen keluarga mahasiswa perguruan tinggi keagamaan masih melakukan praktik P2GP dan 53,2 persen menyatakan bahwa praktik P2GP bermanfaat bagi perempuan. Namun mereka juga bersedia jika diminta untuk membantu sosialisasi pencegahan P2GP dengan prosentase sebesar 54,1 persen. Penelitian ini berkontribusi mengungkap komunikasi konstitutif yang dimiliki oleh mahasiswa perguruan tinggi keagamaan dengan munculnya negosiasi terhadap makna praktik P2GP yang berasal dari lingkungan keluarga dan dari lingkungan tempat mereka menempuh pendidikan tinggi. Upaya pencegahan akan memiliki dampak yang lebih besar ketika Pemerintah berkolaborasi dengan para pihak sesuai dengan kontribusi yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini berkontribusi untuk menjembatani adanya kesenjangan antara pemahaman tradisional yang hidup dalam nilai budaya dan agama keluarga dengan perspektif kritis di lingkungan akademis melalui ruang dialog yang inklusif untuk mewujudkan toleransi nol pada praktik P2GP tidak hanya di Kalimantan Timur tetapi juga di Indonesia.
AMMONIUM-MODIFIED NATURAL ZEOLITE: A PROMISING CATALYST FOR RENEWABLE DIESEL PRODUCTION – A REVIEW
Get PDFThe global shift toward sustainable energy has intensified research into renewable diesel production, owing to its superior fuel properties and environmental benefits. Catalysts play a crucial role in the hydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oils and biomass-derived feedstocks to produce green diesel. Natural zeolites, valued for their high thermal stability and tunable acidity, have emerged as cost-effective catalytic alternatives. This review explored recent advancements in the application of ammonium-modified natural zeolites as catalysts in green diesel production. Characterization techniques, including FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), XRD (X-ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), TG-DTG (Thermogravimetric Analysis), nitrogen adsorption isotherms, and NH₃-TPD (Temperature-Programmed Desorption of Ammonia), were employed to analyze NH₄⁺-zeolites. Results demonstrate that ammonium modification enhanced the acidity, porosity, and catalytic efficiency of natural zeolites, leading to improved deoxygenation selectivity and increased green diesel yields. The NH₄⁺-modified zeolite achieved a C₁₅ hydrocarbon selectivity of 70%, compared to 54% for the unmodified variant. Furthermore, introducing ammonium ions helped regulate acidity by mitigating excessive Brønsted acidity, ultimately reducing coke formation and improving catalyst stability. This review discusses the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance of ammonium-modified natural zeolites in green diesel production. It also addresses the challenges and future directions for scaling up their application in renewable fuel technologie